For many theologians any talk
of relativity as adding something significant to their work is immediately rejected as a professional «no - no.»
Such a spatial relation is indeed objective for Whitehead (PNK 32); thus, the homogeneity of spatial relations is claimed in The Principle
of Relativity as the basis for the uniformity of physical relations generally (R 8).
Not exact matches
It was a great article... the first
of its kind that I have read actually.But I have one question, the trend till now always has been to tune investment rates
as per market rates —
relativity has always existed.
The venture, UltraV Holdings LLC, will acquire
Relativity through a § 363 sale
as part
of a chapter 11 bankruptcy proceeding, the film studio said today.
UPDATED 1:13 PM: EXCLUSIVE: Aspects
of Relativity's first bankruptcy are still before the courts, but
as expected the company today filed for Chapter 11 with a promise that «funds will be available for distribution» to its approximately 200 unsecured creditors.
unless gravity is just made up
as well
as the theory
of relativity.
Theory is a tested, proven conclusion (i.e. a hypothesis becomes a theory once it is proven or accepted
as truth, such
as the theory
of relativity, computational theory, etc..
It is demanded by the principle
of universal
relativity that just
as God in his consequent nature prehends us, so also we prehend God's consequent nature.
(The dipolar understanding
of God has been brilliantly and thoroughly expounded by Hartshorne in such books
as Man's Vision
of God, The Divine
Relativity, and Philosophers Speak
of God.)
An excellent example was Einstein's theory
of relativity which predicted the convertibility
of matter and energy and the bending
of light
as it crossed a heavy planetary object.
Scientists today are still following his intuition
as they seek the grand unifying principle that will unify quantum theory with the theory
of relativity to give one overarching explanation
of the nature
of the universe.
He understands the
relativity of philosophies
as closely analogous to the
relativity of scientific theories.7
The traditional distrust
of simple statement, and
of language
as applied to the religious vision, in the new theology ceases to be an inoperative or inconsistently employed formal concession, and becomes a systematic tracing
of the
relativity of concepts to each other and to experience
as a whole.
For example, if one understood by the church simply the historically given communities with their multiplicity
of beliefs and practices, the view
of theology
as the articulation
of the church's faith would lead to a plurality
of theologies that could hardly escape the recognition
of their
relativity with respect to historical factors.
Charles Hartshorne, Man's Vision
of God (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1941); Reality
as Social Process (Glencoe, Ill.: Free Press, 1953); The Divine
Relativity (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1948); Process and Divinity: Philosophical Essays Presented to Charles Hartshorne, ed.
As a Christian community we have to recognize and acknowledge the
relativity of atheism.
Although Hartshorne has not articulated the inconsistencies
of the idea
of divine
relativity as openly
as we did earlier, it seems that he is willing to take recourse in something like a spectator God who remains in «mere happiness» (not fearing) just
as much
as Plato denied existence to forms
of negative elements
of the world such
as mud.
in conjunction with his description
of how he arrived at the philosophical realization that all actual entities exist
as an interlocked community (principle
of relativity).
As a result,
relativity has no theory
of matter in it at all.
In this essay, I will argue that a major problem with the idea
of divine
relativity is that it assumes both God's exact knowledge
of the whole, which is thus the One
as it is a unified act
of knowledge, and also precise knowledge
of the fragmentary, concrete Many
of experience.
On this metaphysical account, reality
as such includes
as its primal source and final end a divine individual that is distinguished from all others by virtue
of its complete
relativity to all actual things
as actual and all possible things
as possibilities.
Divine
relativity,
as delineated by Hartshorne, can not overcome the problem
of radical particularity.
When the thesis
of divine
relativity is reset in terms
of divine love, a love which seems to require sympathy, the thesis, which at first seemed counter-intuitive (for many are accustomed to thinking
of God
as transcendent and impassible), becomes transparently benign.
In the categoreal scheme
of Process and Reality, the
relativity principle is listed
as the fourth Category
of Explanation, and reads
as follows:
In spite
of the fact that Hartshorne universally posits a strong sense
of relativity to account for omniscience (
as well
as for other reasons), I will argue that even Hartshorne is forced in important specific cases to attenuate his claims for a strong interpretation
of divine
relativity; one that says God feels in exactitude the experience
of others.
There are,
as far
as I can tell, two areas
of possible inconsistency with the idea
of divine
relativity.
(3) Kraus also insists that only a «tota simul» in God is compatible with faith, arguing much
as she did above that the Hartshornean alternative is by the principle
of relativity irreconcilable with faith
as well
as freedom — with free faith, that is.
My results regarding divine
relativity are tentative, but there are already ramifications for the attributes
of omniscience and omnipresence
as well
as for the problem
of theodicy.
As seen through the lens
of divine
relativity, the type
of knowing postulated
of divinity is infinitely stronger than the kind
of knowing possible for human beings.
Not only would a demonstration
of the inconsistency
of divine
relativity make Hartshorne's thesis
of divine
relativity and all that depends on it incoherent and also make Whitehead's famous portrait
of God
as the fellow sufferer who understands inadmissible, but philosophers
of religion would have to accept a different picture
of the world.
Tillich briefly discusses the idea
of divine
relativity as God's participation in human experience.
It would, therefore, be premature to characterize God
as the Wholly Other just for the reason that there are metaphysical problems with the theory
of divine
relativity.
He, like Whitehead, will have a «dipolar» God, but in a different way.10 For Hartshorne, the dialectic is between the abstract and the concrete: «The supreme in its total concrete reality will be the supereminent case
of relativity, the Surrelative, just
as, in its abstract character, it will be the supereminent case
of nonrelativity — not only absolute, but the absolute» (DR 76).11 These two poles are not said to be separate entities but are, rather, aspects
of a unified divine essence.
As a medical professional, one would think you'd understand that biological evolution, much like general
relativity, quantum mechanics, the germ theory
of disease, cell theory, plate tectonic theory, etc is a scientific theory and should be taught in science class based on the preponderance
of evidence that backs it.
Thus, in regards to the four theological mistakes which Hartshorne describes
as various violations
of the principle
of dual transcendence owing to a faulty Greek inheritance and a Western prejudice which favors absolute independence over
relativity and partial dependence, the Hartshornean foil touches black theology hardly at all.
He had already called attention to the historical
relativity — and relatedness —
of Christianity; he now began to note its social and institutional
relativity — and relatedness —
as well.
If the theory
of relativity had also been necessary for salvation, it would have been revealed to Saint Paul or to Moses...
As a matter
of fact neither Saint Paul nor Moses had the slightest idea
of relativity.»
His fondness for Stcherbatsky's translation
of sunyata
as «universal
relativity» may be the problem here.
But,
as is the case with all the other (nonultimate) categories, the
relativity principle not only elucidates, but also presupposes, the Category
of the Ultimate.
Hartshorne's understanding
of love
as relation is the foundation for his conception
of divine
relativity.
Accordingly, the principle
of relativity,
as I construe it, not only saves the ontological principle from issuing in an extreme monism, but also explains how there can be «one world without and within.»
To achieve the essay's two-fold objective, I shall first argue, through a series
of textual considerations, that the
relativity principle must be understood
as asserting that to be an entity is both to have a potentiality for being repeated and to have that potentiality realized in every actual occasion whose becoming finds that entity already existing
as a fully determinate being.
Even if God is thought
of as having slightly less than perfect knowledge, the idea
of God being able to fully appreciate ignorance seems categorically impossible.6 There are further problems for the theory
of divine
relativity.
But even in the more conventional worlds
of quantum mechanics and
relativity, let alone cosmology and string theory, what we think
of as «the simple logic
of cause and effect» goes pretty much right out the window.
What, then, must we hold before us
as we deal with the
relativities of human existence in which some compromise seems inevitable?
Another bit
of prima facie evidence that might be considered in favor
of Hartshorne's «personalism» is that in Virgilius Ferm's 1945 classic Encyclopedia
of Religion, a work to which Brightman contributed forty articles, 14 and in which Brightman had particular editorial input, 15 the article on «God,
as personal» was written by none other than Charles Hartshorne.16 This, along with Brightman's review
of me Divine
Relativity (cited below), suggests that Brightman himself considered Hartshorne a personalist.
Hartshorne attributes this consistent violation
of the principle
of dual transcendence to the fact that classical theism has placed too much faith in Greek philosophy, and to a Western prejudice according to which absolute independence along with the power to the cause
of events is regarded
as a superior attribute while
relativity and the capacity to be an effect is mistakenly regarded
as an inferior attribute.»
And like Evolution, the Theory
of Mechanics has been supplanted by more complex and more accurate theories (in the case
of Mechanics, both Quantum Mechanics and
Relativity have arisen to deal with its flaws; in the case
of Evolution, the technical theories - such
as gene borrowing and virus - guided genetic drift - do not have catchy names).
The ideas
of relativity and quantum physics, for example, which were so important to Bernard Meland
as well
as to Whitehead, could not be so described.
Again, in the preface to DR (p.ix) Hartshorne states the basic thesis
of the book in such a way
as to indicate clearly his assumption
of the equivalence
of relativity and mutability.