Sentences with phrase «of t cells»

ES cells provide new opportunities for developing and establishing new treatments, including transplantation tolerance induction, because of their unique characteristics: lack of MHC antigens, poor expression of co-stimulatory molecules and lack of T cells that can trigger graft - versus - host reaction.

T - cell responses to commensals might support intestinal homeostasis, by producing barrier - protective cytokines and providing a large pool of T cells that react to pathogens.

They applied epigenetic drugs and found that the numbers of T cells in the tumor increased.

In cancer, Tregs are recruited by tumors and prevent other types of T cells, including cytotoxic T cells (also called CD8 cells) from attacking and destroying cancer cells.

Arndt, C., von Bonin, M., Cartellieri, M., Feldmann, A., Koristka, S., Michalk, I., Stamova, S., Bornhäuser, M., Ehninger, G. and Bachmann, M. Redirection of T cells with a first fully humanized bispecific CD33 - CD3 antibody efficiently eliminates AML blasts without harming hematopoietic stem cells.Leukemia, doi: 10.1038 / leu.2013.18.

In 1987 a group of French scientists had discovered a protein protruding from the surface of T cells, which they called CTLA - 4.

Rather than an activator of T cells, the molecule acted like a brake, stopping the immune system from its attack.

When absolute purity is not necessary, as is often the case with in vitro stimulation of T cells, magnetic cell separation can deliver highly enriched cells faster, with significant cost - savings, and without exposure to harsh separation protocols like flow cytometric sorting, or chemical gradients.

Without Nr4a1 to put a damper on production, monocytes and macrophages increase secretion of norepinephrine, which in turn leads to the activation of macrophages, thereby amplifying neuroinflammation and causing a massive influx of T cells into the central nervous system.

Aging in humans is associated with increased infections and the reduced proliferative capacity of T cells, part of the more global phenomenon termed immune senescence.

Post-translational modifications of proteins are important for activation of T cells during an immune response.

OX40 receptors are found on the surface of T cells.

Four infants had rash, lymphadenopathy, and oligoclonal populations of T cells in the periphery.

Using different mouse models of cancer, a therapy consisting of antibodies which block the PD - 1 / PD - L1 checkpoint to boost the ability of T cells to fight cancer cells was used in combination with anti-CD27 antibodies, which activate T cells via the receptor CD27.

Many years ago, it was noted that the elderly possessed oligoclonal expansions of T cells, especially of CD8 (+) cells.

Sprent's research has focused on the formation and activation of T cells, and their manipulation to enable the tolerance of transplanted tissue.

The accumulation of dysfunctional CMV - specific cells might fill the «immunological space» and decrease the available repertoire of T cells for novel antigens.

In their latest study, researchers at La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology (LJI) identified a subset of T cells, whose frequency serves as early childhood immune signature that predicts the risk of developing asthma later on.

Scientists already know how to develop a vaccine which would stimulate the production of more of the T cells, researchers said.

One of these modifications, O - GlcNAc, is known to be involved in the activation of T cells; however, its function on most glycoproteins remains unknown due to difficulty in characterizing and mapping O - GlcNAc sites.

The PI3K / Akt / mTOR signaling pathway is critical in the immune response of T cells.

Phenotypic and functional characterization of T cells in white matter lesions of multiple sclerosis patients

Lethal toxin also directly affects the function of T cells, B cells and NK T cells [36 — 39].

In the immune system, two kinds of T cells strike a delicate balance — T helper cells (Th17) activate the immune system, protecting against infections and cancers, while regulatory T cells (Tregs) suppress the system, keeping it in check.

Because Akt is an important factor in the differentiation and immune function of T cells, and previous studies showed that VPA and other HDAC inhibitors could inhibit Akt activity in cancer cells (41, 42), we examined whether Akt activity was modulated by VPA treatment.

We used Rag1 - / - mouse splenocytes, a source of ILC3s, because the absence of T cells in this model makes ILC3s the dominant IL -22-expressing cell type [40].

The fundamental impact of this research will be greater insight into whether infection and vaccination lead to expansion or contraction of subsets already present within the individual's T cell pool that maintain their phenotype, and / or lead to differentiation or activation of T cells into states uniquely associated with those conditions.

We conclude that the presence of T cells is not required for the differentiation and migration of resident skin DC but is critical for the maintenance of DC and LC migrating into the LNs.

In 2008, he obtained his Ph.D. from the University of Southampton, United Kingdom, where he studied the mechanisms of accumulation and activation of T cells in human asthma.

A number of studies reported that HDAC inhibitors could suppress the immune response of T cells and reduce the severity of inflammation and, therefore, might be used to inhibit immune rejection or induce tolerance in organ transplantation and BMT (20 — 23).

«What we're suggesting is that with exercise, you might be getting rid of T cells that aren't helpful and making room for T cells that might be helpful,» Bilek says.

The Sette lab's research on DENV encompasses large - scale epitope identification (supported by an HHS contract) and diverse studies towards understanding the role of T cells and HLA variants in the development of (or protection from) DENV disease (supported in part by a consortium grant led by Eva Harris at UC Berkeley).

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are critical for the differentiation and immune function of T cells (17 — 19).

Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology have identified a subset of T cells, whose...

The new study found that the level to which the immune systems of mice tolerated H. hepaticus is determined by the interplay of two types of T cells, which control whether the immune response to a microbe amplifies.

Functional correction of T cells derived from patients with the Wiskott - Aldrich syndrome (WAS) by transduction with an oncoretroviral vector encoding the WAS protein.

The response of T cells can be controlled by costimulatory molecules present on APC that interact with co-receptors present on the T cell.

The absence of T cells enabled the team to establish definitively the persistence of HIV in macrophages.

Additionally, the small number of T cells that are generated are unresponsive to antigen, entering into a state of tolerance (Croft, 1997, J Immunol).

Costimulation of T cells by OX40, 4 - 1BB, and CD27.

Arming Tumor - Reactive T Cells with Costimulator B7 - 1 Enhances Therapeutic Efficacy of the T Cells

Because our current understanding suggests these molecules control many functional activities of T cells, and the effects might vary depending on the subset of T cell, they are therefore potential targets for either suppressing an immune response, or for promoting an immune response.

The immuno - oncology revolution has spurred a renewed interest in T cell biology, including therapeutic use of T cells themselves.

If HIV is not treated the number of T cells drops steadily.

Data from the laboratory shows that signals from these molecules through their receptors control the activities and long - term survival of T cells, as well as affecting the activities of other cell types including dendritic cells, macrophages, and epithelial cells.

CRISPR / Cas9 may improve the engineering of T cells such that they carry multiple therapeutic features for either increasing specificity or suppressing side - effects, or both.

Often used to prevent patients» bodies from rejecting transplanted organs, rapamycin works by increasing the numbers of regulatory T cells and block other aggressive types of T cells.

Studies of Lymphocyte Reconstitution in a Humanized Mouse Model Reveal a Requirement of T Cells for Human B Cell Maturation.

However, the constant presence of HIV in the body, even at very low levels, causes the immune system to remain activated continuously, leading to long - term inflammation and depletion of T cells that help the body fight infection.

Peptide stimulation of T cells from Cbl - b − / − infected mice were similar in their ability to produce IFN - γ relative to WT controls (Fig. 5D), as previously seen in mice injected with a low dose of LCMV Docile (37).