Coal remains cheaper, but when you factor in the reduced capital cost (gas plants cost between a quarter and a third what coal plants of equivalent output do), the life - cycle costs point to gas, even in the absence
of a price on carbon emissions.
Each has upsides and downsides which are worth debating, but the important first step is to remedy this market failure and put some sort
of price on carbon emissions.
Not exact matches
With the exception
of implicit
prices on carbon on some
emissions in Sweden, Japan, and Germany (see this recent OECD report for details), no
carbon pricing policy in place today comes close to that type
of stringency.
Starting in 2017, Alberta will apply a $ 20 - a-tonne
price on carbon emissions that will cover about 90 per cent
of the economy, including essentials such as gasoline and home heating fuel.
Pretty well every economist you talk to will agree: If you want to reduce pollution,
carbon or otherwise, the most cost - effective way to do so is with a
price on the
emissions of that which you seek to reduce.
Under the guise
of a cap - and - trade plan, the NDP, they charge, would put a
price on carbon emissions that would ruin the energy sector.
Price: Though the policy doesn't impose a hard cap on emissions, it imposes a hard cap on the price of ca
Price: Though the policy doesn't impose a hard cap
on emissions, it imposes a hard cap
on the
price of ca
price of carbon.
commissioned by Clean Energy Canada last fall found that most respondents support or somewhat support the idea
of putting a
price on carbon emissions (59 %).
A majority
of Canadians (59 %) support or somewhat support a
price on carbon emissions, and 62 % support or somewhat support a minimum
carbon price that applies across Canada.
In his year - end interviews, and in the final days
of the fall sitting
of the House
of Commons, Prime Minister Stephen Harper said it would be crazy to impose additional costs
on Canada's oil and gas sector in a time
of low
prices if the U.S. was not enacting similar
carbon emission policies.
In such a system, imports from countries that do not
price carbon emissions would be subject to a tariff equivalent to the
price imposed
on the
carbon content
of such goods made in Canada, counting the
carbon emitted to produce goods and to transport them here.
While both governments remain committed to finding new markets for Canada's oil and gas, they have voiced strong support for increasing clean energy production and exports in order to reduce
carbon emissions and the impact
of fluctuating oil
prices on Canada's economy.
The Alberta government received the final report from the independent panel led by University
of Alberta economics professor Andrew Leach and announced its plans to phase out coal burning electricity plants, phase in a
price on carbon, introduce a limit
on overall
emissions from the oil sands and introduce an energy efficiency strategy.
If we put a
price on those
emissions of $ 50 - 200 per tonne, reflecting some recent estimates
of the external costs
of carbon emissions, we get a range
of $ 4 - 20 billion in environmental costs just from GHG
emissions.
John Williamson
of Canadians for Affordable Energy argues forcefully in a recent Maclean's piece that putting a
price on carbon emissions will harm Canada's economy and put our firms at a competitive disadvantage.
Adding a
price on carbon emissions at even a «modest» level
of $ 25 per ton would make new nuclear energy competitive with coal and natural gas even if the risk premium remains, the MIT study concludes.
Eliminating this financial risk premium makes nuclear power levelized electricity cost competitive with that
of coal, and it becomes lower than that
of coal when a modest
price on carbon dioxide
emissions is imposed,» the report says.
Assuming a global system that would put a
price on carbon emissions, the scientists then calculated the value
of carbon credits awarded to homeowners and businesses for making their roofs and streets lighter.
By calling for re-energizing CCS development, PCAST is making two judgments: 1) that the coal industry is highly likely to remain competitive even as it complies with EPA restrictions
on emissions of SOx, NOx, Hg, and other toxics; and 2) that a substantial
price on carbon is highly likely to arrive in a time frame
of relevance for a CCS development effort.
«Only a plan that combines
carbon pricing with ambitious regulations in every sector
of the economy will result in
emissions reductions deep enough to reach our current climate targets and put Canada
on a path to exceeding those targets.»
The 72 - year - old has also been arrested five times in protests against the continued burning
of fossil fuels or to demand that the United States put a
price on carbon emissions.
More than 40 mainly developed countries, including New Zealand and members
of the European Union, have, or are in the process
of developing, markets to help cut their output
of climate - warming
emissions by putting a
price on carbon dioxide.
Driving the industry, investors say, are consumer interest in the environmental and economic benefits
of energy efficiency, corporate sustainability mandates and essentially a bet that at some point there will be a
price on carbon emissions.
Not only does this plan work
on all sources
of carbon emissions rather than just the power sector, but its starting point for a
price on carbon far exceeds the effective
price that the Clean Power Plan would have achieved, Kaufman said.
A couple
of years later, after the industry was turned upside down by soaring oil
prices and economic turmoil, governments began mandating tough new limits
on fuel economy and
carbon - dioxide
emissions.
An intelligent and fast - acting program for moving toward the best energy sources will have to involve equitable costs for
carbon emissions and fair limits
on greenhouse gas
emissions; a level economic and legal playing field for all energy sources, purveyors, and users; and an open marketplace in which pollution level, safety, siting, and
price will select the mix
of sources.
Do you see any path to a
price on carbon (in the developed world) that realistically would lead to meaningful rates
of decarbonization in developing countries (where nearly all the growth in
emissions is coming)?
Late last week, Stavins distributed a link to «Both Are Necessary, But Neither is Sufficient:
Carbon -
Pricing and Technology R&D Initiatives in a Meaningful National Climate Policy,» a defense
of the primacy
of a rising
price on carbon if the goal is deep
emissions cuts by mid-century.
I would like to pursue, as much as possible, to increase our knowledge
of carbon price and future
emissions, and our knowledge
on reducing the institutional barriers to adopting a
carbon price system.
With the world
on the verge
of another food crisis (corn, wheat, and soybean
prices are soaring again), extreme weather patterns becoming more pronounced,
carbon emissions on the rise, loss
of biodiversity accelerating, we desperately need some «win - win» strategies in our quest to make the world more sustainable.
The environmental community, which some blame for crippling nuclear power, has in fact pushed for a
price on carbon as a way
of building the societal costs
of continued
carbon emissions into the economics
of electricity production.
In all
of the fevered recent discussions over next steps for climate legislation, I haven't heard anyone put forward a template for a bill that would lock in a
carbon pricing path coming anywhere close to $ 60 to $ 95 a ton
on a timescale that would make the technology globally competitive in time to blunt the burst
of emissions coming by 2030 in China and India.
In the long run I don't think we will succeed in getting transportation
of oil by trying to stop oil production
on a site - by - site basis, we are going to have to put a high
price on transportation fuels that have high
carbon emissions and get much more serious about driving energy innovation they can get the transportation system off
carbon.
A
carbon tax will make fossil fuel
prices come closer to covering full cost, incorporating some
of those fuels» currently - excluded costs: our dependence
on and enrichment
of oil - country despots, huge military costs
of protecting distant oil operations and transport, health costs from
emissions other than CO2, etc., etc., etc.....
Both policies are intended (1) to raise the
price of the
carbon emissions that cause global warming, thereby discouraging those
emissions and encouraging alternatives, and (2) to do so in a way that does not place the burden
of adjustment disproportionately
on the poor.
A corporation will not operate if it does not generate profit, and the process
of installing a tax or increasing
prices on input materials like
carbon emissions cuts into profits.
Eric Pooley, the deputy editor
of Bloomberg Businessweek, spent long stretches
of the last three years immersed with a variety
of combatants in the intensifying battle over legislation aimed at putting a
price on carbon dioxide
emissions.
The expected permit
price would, at any point in time, always equal the
carbon tax associated with,
on average, an equivalent level
of emissions.
Murray was speaking at one
of the most fascinating side events at the summit, where representatives
of states and provinces in North America described the various steps they're taking to put a
price on carbon emissions and to foster renewables.
CO2 from oil can be further limited via a gradually increasing
price on carbon emissions that discourages industry from going to the most extreme environments in the world (such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge and Antarctica) to extract every last drop
of oil.
But it is also clear that, absent a
price on carbon emissions, as the
price of energy rises, the amount
of economically extractable fossil fuels increases, including unconventional fossil fuels.
Today, hot
on the heels
of the Senate's vote
on Keystone XL, Grist blogger David Roberts shared the following post: Within two years, a quarter
of the world's
carbon emissions are likely to be
priced.
A «hard collar»
on the
price of emission permits
of no less than $ 10 per ton
of carbon emitted and no more than $ 30 per ton.
Economic assessments
of proposed policy to put a
price on carbon emissions are in widespread agreement that the net economic impact will be minor.
The other thing that I think is really important to watch is the possibility
of a climate deal with China, and that could be really, really important, because you've basically got the two climate change superpowers finally coming together
on this, and if they created some kind
of an agreement to limit
emissions, even that could have the de facto effect
of creating a global
carbon price.
«We are calling
on policy - makers to respond to the prospect
of triggering future climate tipping points by applying the brakes now and putting a high
price on carbon emissions before it is too late,» says one
of the authors, Tim Lenton, professor
of climate change and earth system science at the University
of Exeter.
That's why, the ministry says, the federal government agreed with the 2011 Energy Package to introduce compensatory arrangements for businesses competing at a global level, including measures to offset increases in the
price of power stemming from the EU's
carbon emissions trade, and a cap
on their renewables allocation charge.
A report published by the Environmental Law Students Association (ELSA), called for a «
carbon price escalator» with S$ 5 annual increments in the tax rate, arguing that Singapore's initial
price of S$ 5 is too far off from the benchmark
of US$ 50 — US$ 100 per tonne
of emissions recommended by World Bank's High - Level Comission
on Carbon Prices report.
In a recent interview, Nordhaus - whose models project a smaller economic impact than most - said that regardless
of whether the models showing larger or smaller economic impacts from climate change are correct, «We've got to get together as a community
of nations and impose restraints
on greenhouse gas
emissions and raise
carbon prices.
While such a plan is technically possible,
emissions reductions that drastic would almost certainly require a willing Congress at the president's disposal — most notably to put a
price on carbon that motivates the private sector — and even then, it's still an open question
of whether full decarbonization by 2050 is possible given the heroic social and political change it would require at the same time.