Less clear are the impacts
of acidification stress and multiple stressors on deep - sea fish populations and fisheries production (Rosa and Seibel, 2008).
Not exact matches
Today the vast majority
of the populace in industrialized nations suffers from problems caused by the
stress of acidosis, because both modern lifestyle and diet promote
acidification of the body's internal environment.
Scientists have been warning that decreasing amounts
of available oxygen will increase
stress on a range
of species, even as they also face the effects
of rising temperatures and ocean
acidification.
Add in the
stress of ocean
acidification and protecting coral reefs becomes even more important (and challenging).
Unpublished work by Gates, led by the University
of Hawaii's Hollie Putnam, shows that adult cauliflower corals (Pocillopora damicornis) exposed to
stress during brooding produce larvae with increased resilience to heat and ocean
acidification.
During the experiments, the animals shut down parts
of themselves when undergoing the
stress of ocean
acidification, redirecting their energy to new growth.
But this study is the first to probe how the coral microbiome and physiology respond to simultaneous
stresses of temperature and
acidification.
That's the conclusion
of a new study that used measurements
of an array
of human pressures on the ocean — from
acidification to overfishing — to make a map
of where those factors combined into
stressed - out hotspots, as well as how the combinations
of stressors had changed over time.
Local human - made
stresses add to the global warming and
acidification effects, all
of these driving a contraction
of 1 — 2 % per year in the abundance
of reef - building corals [39].
A reduction
of regional
stress such as nutrient runoff or the loss
of oxygen can mitigate the impact
of global stressors like ocean
acidification and warming.
Coral reefs are under
stress for several reasons, including warming
of the ocean, but especially because
of ocean
acidification, a direct effect
of added carbon dioxide.
Corals and other species that depend upon them are also highly vulnerable due to the combined effects
of warming ocean water, ocean
acidification, and other human - caused
stresses.
Joeri Rogelj from the Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science and a lead researcher
of the report, said: «Ocean
acidification due to increased atmospheric concentrations
of carbon dioxide... will put increasing
stress onto marine eco-systems.
Local human - made
stresses add to the global warming and
acidification effects, all
of these driving a contraction
of 1 — 2 % per year in the abundance
of reef - building corals [39].
Other sources
of stress such as nutrient runoff, sedimentation, overfishing, and ocean
acidification appear to interact with heat
stress to change the bleaching threshold [11], [18], [24], [25].
The discussion in the article and my comment, regarding mass coral bleaching and mortality, is about thermal
stress / ocean heat, not
acidification (only incidentally related in terms
of possible impact on regrowth).
Selina Ward studies the early life history stages
of corals and the responses
of reproduction and recruitment to environmental
stresses such as temperature change, ocean
acidification, elevated nutrients and Trichodesmium.
What I concluded is that in the vicinity
of human habitation (e.g., occupied coral atolls), other human excesses are currently a source
of greater harm than ocean
acidification (or heat
stress, which is as a separate issue).
Coral reefs are threatened by rising water temperatures, ocean
acidification, and sea - level rise.3, 5 Coral reefs typically live within a specific range
of temperature, light, and concentration
of carbonate in seawater.6 When increases in ocean temperature or ultraviolet light
stress the corals, they lose their colorful algae, leaving only transparent coral tissue covering their white calcium - carbonate skeletons.6 This phenomenon is called coral bleaching.
-- Life in the oceans are under severe
stress and 90 %
of the big fish biomass is already fished out, plus ocean
acidification is occurring which threatens entire bio webs.