Sentences with phrase «of adaptive behaviour»

Not exact matches

We may say that instinctive behaviour is behaviour related to a rather well - defined goal, but often demanding a more flexible adaptive type of behaviour, including the possibility of learning from experience, in deciding exactly how that goal shall be reached.

Morrissey adds that the unique coding property of the mPFC identified in the study may support its role in the formation, maintenance, and updating of associative knowledge structures that help support flexible and adaptive behaviour in rats and other animals.

The PACE trial, published in The Lancet in 2011 [2], examined the effects of three different treatments for people with CFS, compared with usual specialist medical care (SMC): cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT, where a health professional helps the patient to understand and change the way they think about and respond to their symptoms), graded exercise therapy (GET, a personalised and gradually increasing exercise programme delivered by a physiotherapist), and adaptive pacing therapy (APT, where patients adapt activity levels to the amount of energy they have).

For someone to be classed as intellectually disabled, it is necessary to demonstrate «significant limitations» in intellectual functioning (usually taken to mean an IQ of 70 or below) and in adaptive behaviour — such as problems with literacy, social skills and the ability to handle money.

This frontier research needs to be furthered by conducting surveys and excavations in various environmental zones of Arabia in order to recover ecological data and information on hominin population history and changing adaptive behaviours.

Can adaptive evolution or behaviour lead to diversification of traits determining a trade - off between foraging gain and predation risk?

Popular behaviour modification tools include «calls for action», progress bars, achievement encouragement, interactive and adaptive features in a course, brief exclusive materials in the course - preview and analytics that demonstrate practical use of your learning materials.

Of course, with adaptive dampers the ride behaviour could be dialled through comfort to sport, varying the feel quite noticeably.

Most dog fanciers agree that there are three types of intelligence in dogs — instinctive intelligence (the ability to do what they were bred for), adaptive intelligence (the ability to use their past experiences to solve problems) and obedience intelligence (the ability to learn behaviours in response to training from their handler).

While Indigenous peoples are generally depicted as victims of poverty and vulnerability to climate change, the document suggests that it would also be appropriate to emphasize their sensitivity to the environment, adaptive capacity and resilience, as manifested by their ability to modify their behaviour in response to changing climatic conditions.

Founded in outmoded university studies and some upgrade through workshops, never having lived the experiences the client had, often being in a relationship with a therapist is just more of the old adaptive to other behaviour and never healing.

Fostering self - regulation skills, that enable children to direct their attention, manage emotions, keep track of rules, inhibit their impulses, and control their behaviour in other adaptive ways.

Although suicide in children is rare, research shows that children can and do present with suicidal behaviour, thus highlighting the need for early intervention including identification of risk factors and promotion of protective factors, including adaptive coping skills.

This universal intervention provides a variety of whole - school strategies based on the Health Promoting Schools model to increase understanding and awareness of bullying; increase communication about bullying; promote adaptive responses to bullying; promote peer and adult support for students who are bullied; and promote peer as well as adult discouragement of bullying behaviour.

3 studies were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared (1) short term anxiety provoking psychotherapy and brief adaptive psychotherapy with waiting list conditions, (2) dialectical behaviour therapy with standard care for patients with borderline personality disorder, and (3) 3 types of short term behavioural therapy with a waiting list condition.

Taken together, these findings dovetail nicely as two examples of how cultural values serve adaptive functions by tuning societal behaviour so that social and environmental risk factors are reduced and physical and mental health of group members is maintained.

The concept of natural selection has been enormously influential to the study of human behaviour, particularly in evolutionary psychology, which has emphasized that much of human behaviour arises as a by - product of adaptive mechanisms in the mind and brain (Barkow et al. 1992).

This dual inheritance theory of human behaviour proposes that cultural traits are adaptive and they evolve and influence the social and physical environments under which genetic selection operates (Boyd & Richerson 1985).

Attentional orienting skills, in particular, have been identified as a critical component of the regulatory process, since orienting has the direct effect of amplifying, at a neural level, the stimuli toward which attention is directed, changing the affective experience of the individual.17 Thus, orienting skills assist in the management of both negative and positive emotions, and consequently in the development of adaptive control of emotion and behaviour.

In these programs parents are coached in behavioural strategies for increasing reinforcement of adaptive child behaviour and setting consistent limits on disruptive behaviour, thereby replacing escalating cycles of parent - child coercion with positive, relationship - enhancing interactions (Hawes and Allen 2016).

In line with Jacob Vigil's socio - relational framework of expressive behaviours (which in lay terms means that the way we express certain emotions is adaptive and motivates others to respond to us in ways which enhance our social fitness) Simine Vazire and her colleagues suggest that in women, smiling signals warmth, trustworthiness and enthusiasm to others, and in doing so attracts fewer and more intimate relationships (not sure about the fewer!)

Indeed, literature in the field of developmental and abnormal psychology defines aggression in very broad terms, 2 describing a set of behaviours that range from typical and adaptive to atypical and maladaptive.

Four out of five domains (adaptive behaviour, fine motor, language and personal - social behaviour), showed significant differences favouring the intervention group (Analysis 2.30).

Notably, the observed effect of parent cutbacks on family well - being was larger than the observed effect of child characteristics, including adaptive behaviour deficits.

Given their typical age of onset, a broad range of mental disorders are increasingly being understood as the result of aberrations of developmental processes that normally occur in the adolescent brain.4 — 6 Executive functioning, and its neurobiological substrate, the prefrontal cortex, matures during adolescence.5 The relatively late maturation of executive functioning is adaptive in most cases, underpinning characteristic adolescent behaviours such as social interaction, risk taking and sensation seeking which promote successful adult development and independence.6 However, in some cases it appears that the delayed maturation of prefrontal regulatory regions leads to the development of mental illness, with neurobiological studies indicating a broad deficit in executive functioning which precedes and underpins a range of psychopathology.7 A recent meta - analysis of neuroimaging studies focusing on a range of psychotic and non-psychotic mental illnesses found that grey matter loss in the dorsal anterior cingulate, and left and right insula, was common across diagnoses.8 In a healthy sample, this study also demonstrated that lower grey matter in these regions was found to be associated with deficits in executive functioning performance.

Evolutionary - minded scholars seek to understand the historical and adaptive bases of paternal behaviour and child development, including with respect to other animals.

PACE is the study «Comparison of adaptive pacing therapy, cognitive behaviour therapy, graded exercise therapy, and specialist medical care for chronic fatigue syndrome (PACE): a randomised trial.

For overall adaptive behaviour, both a negative association (Hall and Graff 2011) and lack of association (Feldman et al. 2007) with parental stress have been described.

Similarly, while impairments in adaptive behaviour, and specifically daily living skills (DLS), are key areas of deficit in autism, some studies have reported a relationship between better DLS and lower parenting stress (Tomanik et al. 2004; Green and Carter 2014) and others have found no association (Lecavalier et al. 2006; Estes et al. 2009, 2013; Peters - Scheffer et al. 2012).

Collected maternal reports of parenting stress, child adaptive behaviour, ASD severity, and problem behaviours over a 2 - year period.

Explored associations between child adaptive behaviour, language, intelligence, behavioural, and emotional problems on parent mental health, stress and family functioning over a period of 2 years.

Examined the impact of child diagnosis, behavioural problems, and adaptive behaviour on family wellbeing.

While many applications of the model have explored the combination of child ASD symptomatology and / or behaviour problems with life stress, child adaptive functioning (i.e. daily living skills), a characteristic which Hall and Graff [4] identified as demonstrating strong associations with adaptation in families of children with ASD, has not been investigated as an additional stressor in this model.

Assessed the relationship and directionality of dynamics between parent stress and child characteristics (adaptive behaviour, problem behaviour, ASD severity) over a 10 - month period.

Compared measures of parent stress, psychological distress, child behaviour, diagnosis, and adaptive functioning between groups.

However, like symptom severity, the relationship between adaptive behaviour and maternal outcomes may be masked by the inclusion of child problem behaviours [e.g. 55, 88].

As previously noted, the need for separate and distinct tools to differentiate core ASD symptoms from measures of maladaptive and adaptive behaviour may provide clarity to the current overlap between child characteristics and their influence on family outcomes.

Explored gender differences in parents on measures of positive and negative psychological wellbeing (anxiety, depression, stress, positive perceptions) and the impact of child characteristics (ASD symptoms, adaptive behaviours, behavioural and emotional concerns) on parent outcomes.

Completed assessments of child adaptive functioning, social interaction, and repetitive behaviours upon entry to the study and at two later time points (i.e. when children were 12 - 13 and 19 - 20 years of age).

Explored associations between self - report measures of child adaptive behaviour (aA), social support (bB), parental stress (cC), and coping behaviours (BC).