Sentences with phrase «of adenosine»

How did your body ever come to process energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) when ATP is required to make ATP?

We discovered that these MCs are the primary source of high levels of adenosine in tumor tissue, achieved via unique co-expression of CD39 and CD73 and regulated by TGFβ.

But recent data hinted that the drug might also have an effect on the mitochondria, organelles that act as cells» powerhouses, producing energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Additional tests in tissue samples from osteoarthritic patients who had joint replacements at NYU Langone found similarly increased levels of adenosine A2A receptors on chondrocytes.

Creatine is not a muscle builder, but aids in the body production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a fuel, for short, intense bursts of energy.

The researchers focused on astrocytes after their initial finding that patients with Alzheimer's disease have unusually high numbers of adenosine receptors in these cells.

«Caffeine in coffee and other beverages blocks the actions of adenosine in the brain.

Genetic polymorphism of the adenosine A2A receptor is associated with habitual caffeine consumption

All energy for muscle contraction comes from molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), in other words, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) must be present for a muscle fiber contraction.

A 2010 mouse study found that acupuncture needles triggered a release of adenosine from the surrounding cells into the extracellular fluid that diminished the amount of pain the rodents experienced.

Two years later a different group of researchers went on to show that an injection of PAP, an enzyme that breaks other compounds in the body down into adenosine, could relieve pain for an extended chunk of time by increasing the amount of adenosine in the surrounding tissue.

However these compounds were designed as competitive antagonists to be active in the brain of patients having low concentration of adenosine whereas high levels adenosine are produced by ectonucleotidases, especially CD73 and CD39 that are overexpressed in the tumor microenvironment.

A proprietary combination of ancient peat and a proprietary apple extract, elevATP ® had been shown in prior clinical studies to acutely stimulate the production and release of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) at the mitochondrial level.

Mitochondria are the power plants of a cell, generating most of a cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy.

To try to pin down its role, McCarley and his team first tracked the levels of adenosine by extracting samples of brain fluid from cats throughout normal sleep - wake cycles.

Binding of adenosine to the A2A receptor on immune cells blocks the activation and effector functions of anti-tumor immune cells and promotes a regulatory, immune - suppressive phenotype.

Caffeine is an adenosine antagonist, and the accumulation of adenosine in the brain throughout the day is thought to be a chemical mediator of sleep pressure.

Joint winner of the 1997 chemistry prize with Paul Boyer and Jens Skou for his «elucidation of the enzymatic mechanism underlying the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).»

The number of adenosine receptors dropped to normal levels, without apparent side effects, and asthma attacks were completely prevented for 12 hours.

To explain the precise role creatine serves in the metabolism, you first need to understand the function of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Almost every messenger RNA contains a natural long «tail» — a strand of hundreds of adenosine bases located on one end.

We also investigate the biological role of adenosine deaminases of tRNAs (ADATs).

Creatine supplementation works by increasing phosphocreatine (PCr) stores within the muscle, allowing for quicker regeneration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the body's source of energy.3 This is important for any physical activity that requires a rapid energy source during high - intensity explosive exercise, and it's why creatine is so important for performance.

Researchers think that this build - up of adenosine during wakefulness may promote the drive to sleep.

Interestingly, it has been suggested that the initial signal responsible for triggering the development of hypoxic preconditioning in the brain involves the opening of ATP - sensitive potassium channels via the activation of adenosine A1 receptors [69].

Bound to the cell membrane, Na ± K+ATP ase uses the energy of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules to pump sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell, maintaining a charge gradient that allows ions to flow through open channels.

The presence of synthetic ovine corticotropin - releasing factor leads to a rapid and marked stimulation of adenosine 3», 5» - monophosphate accumulation in an enriched population of rat pituitary corticotrophs in primary culture.

And injecting compounds that slowed the removal of adenosine from the body boosted the effects of acupuncture by making more adenosine available to the surrounding tissue for longer periods.

They found that the concentration of adenosine rises steadily during periods of alertness, when the brain uses the most energy, and drops during naps or deep sleep.

In a new report published in the January 2015 issue of the FASEB Journal, scientists use mice to show that a human membrane - bound enzyme called CD39, which can clear the dangerous buildup of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from the bloodstream, significantly improves survival of mice in sepsis.

Their approach worked, producing high yields of adenosine.

It's uncertain whether other cell types, such as the immune cells that enter the lungs after an attack, have adenosine receptors — and scientists don't even know the source of the adenosine.

Odorants induce a rapid and transient elevation of adenosine 3», 5» - monophosphate (cAMP), which activates a nonspecific cation channel and produces membrane depolarization.

Initial results of the team of researchers had already indicated that the blockade of the adenosine receptor subtype A2A in particular could play an important role.

One type of RNA editing involves the conversion of adenosine residues into inosine specifically in double - stranded RNA (dsRNA).

Intriguingly, secretion of adenosine by tumor cells activates those receptors and is one way tumors build an «immunosuppressive shield» around themselves.

Lo M, Tsao MS, Hedley D, Ling V. Gene expression profiling of adenosine triphosphate - binding cassette transporters in response to K - ras activation and hypoxia in human pancreatic cancer cell cultures.

The company showed how they first defined A2A as the receptor required for mediating the effect of adenosine on immune cells within the tumor microenvironment and reported the characterization of a novel immuno - oncology - dedicated adenosine receptor 2A antagonist that functions in the high adenosine concentration found in tumors.

Michel Detheux, iTeos» Chief Executive Officer added, «The progress of our adenosine A2A antagonist program demonstrates how we can rapidly apply our expertise in medicinal chemistry, tumor immunology and translational medicine to advance candidates toward clinical development.»

EOS100850 potently inhibits A2A receptor in T lymphocytes, at single digit nanomolar concentrations, independently of adenosine concentrations

The authors of the PNAS paper devised a specific method to truncate these troublesome tails, reducing them from hundreds down to tens of adenosine bases.

The assay mixtures were prepared in 25 mM potassium phosphate buffer pH 7.5, 1 mM EDTA, 2 mM MgCl2, 0.01 % Triton X-100 with 5 µM SAHH, 0.3 U / ml of adenosine deaminase from Sigma, 25 µM SAM, and 15 µM Thioglo - 1.

In mRNA, the methylation of adenosine (6meA) is particularly interesting since it is the most abundant internal modification.

[1,5,7] The direct inhibition of cdks 1, 2, and 4 via competitive inhibition of adenosine triphosphate binding by flavopiridol has been demonstrated.