That concept is expressly made the basis of the rule
of admissibility in the electronic record provisions that are in 11 of the Evidence Acts in Canada — e.g., s. 34.1 (5), (5.1) of the (Ontario) Evidence Act, and s. 31.2 (1) of the Canada Evidence Act.
Not exact matches
At the very least, controversial emails or other communications from high - profile or powerful people that are disclosed publicly — no matter how they are obtained — are considered
in the court
of public opinion where no rules
of admissibility apply.
And yet emails received
in the rule - free court
of public opinion may not be admissible
in a court
of law, where strict rules
of admissibility apply.
If Durst goes to trial on murder charges
in Los Angeles, evidence from the HBO series is likely to come up, though the New York Times notes that Durst's lawyers will likely challenge the
admissibility of any recordings from The Jinx.
B is an attempt to decide upon the details
of a type
of theory whose
admissibility as a type has not been shown, owing to the role
of the fallacy mentioned (which is implicit both
in traditional proofs for God's existence and
in atheistic criticisms
of these proofs).
In addition to possible criminal penalties, unlawful voting makes an alien inadmissible to the US and deportable from the US, which can
of course prevent naturalization (8 USC 1182 (a)(10)(D) on
admissibility, 8 USC 1227 (a)(6) on deportability, 8 USC 1429 on prerequisites to naturalization).
5.2
In north
of Cyprus island, the ONLY country whose laws are valid is NORTHERN CYPRUS: European Court
of Human Rights (ECtHR), Article 35/1
Admissibility criteria: «The Court may ONLY deal with the matter after ALL DOMESTIC REMEDIES have been exhausted, according to the generally recognised rules
of international law.»
Under the system, the European Commission on Human Rights, set up
in 1954, would examine complaints brought by individuals, organisations or other states and rule on their
admissibility, before passing them to the Committee
of Ministers
of the Council
of Europe.
Pursuant to paragraph 94
of resolution 5/1, the Chairperson
of the Working Group on Communications, together with the Secretariat, undertake an initial screening
of communications based on the
admissibility criteria set
in paragraphs 85 to 88
of resolution 5/1.
A Federal High Court sitting
in Lagos has picked March 23 to rule on the
admissibility of a list
of beneficiaries
of some funds allegedly linked to former Petroleum Minister, Mrs Diezani Allison - Madueke.
«The meeting is largely future - oriented, and focused not so much on law enforcement use, but on
admissibility in court,» Steven Hyman, co-chair
of the committee and director
of the Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research at the Broad Institute, wrote
in an e-mail to Scientific American.
A review
of those cases has concluded that «Most trial judges have heeded the Supreme Court's admonition to act as gatekeepers, and their review
of admissibility is generally more detailed and
in depth than
in pre-Daubert cases» (Bert Black.
Eventually, the Supreme Court was called upon to determine the proper standard for the
admissibility of expert scientific testimony
in federal trials.
For instance, there might need to be clear
admissibility criteria for postdocs that might possibly include standards for English language ability, a change
in the locus for making the offer
of acceptance, and a shift
of the overall responsibility for postdocs from an individual professor to an academic unit.
Einstein was dismayed, writing to the physicist Hendrik Lorentz
in August 1913 that «there are still such major snags
in the thing that my confidence
in the
admissibility of the theory is still shaky.»
As the education philosopher Francis Schrag notes, when evaluating (as opposed to doing) empirical research, «normative considerations appear to be decisive
in determining the
admissibility of facts and
in providing a lens through which these facts are filtered.»
In its Daubert judgment, the US Supreme Court explicitly rejected the consensus or «general acceptance» test for the
admissibility of scientific opinions to replace it with requirements regarding sound scientific methodology, validity, and relevance.
See further: (1) «The Dependence
of Electronic Discovery and
Admissibility upon Electronic Records Management,» Slaw blog, Nov. 22, 2013; (2) «Electronic Discovery — Sedona Canada is Inadequate on Records Management — Here's Sedona Canada
in Amended Form,» (2011), 9 Canadian Journal
of Law and Technology 135, by Ken Chasse («Chase»), LSUC & LSBC,
in Toronto.
And it ignores the requirement
in the electronic records provisions
of the Evidence Acts that
admissibility of electronic records requires proof
of the «integrity
of the electronic records system»
in which the records are stored.
Also, the 2nd edition will not direct sufficient attention to: (1) the serious, common defects
of records management and
of software, and their considerable worsening
of the difficulty
of determining the adequacy
of disclosure made
in discovery proceedings; and, (2) the fact that the
admissibility of records is dependent upon proof
of the «integrity»
of the records systems
in which they are stored, which requires proof
of the compliance
of such records systems with the National Standards
of Canada for electronic records management.
And s. 31.5 CEA, and s. 34.1 (8) OEA, state that NSCs may be used
in determining the
admissibility of electronic records
in accordance with the «systems integrity» concept set out
in s. 31.2 (1)(a) CEA, and 34.1 (5), (5.1) OEA, i.e., the integrity
of an electronic record depends upon proof
of the integrity
of ERMS by or
in which the electronic record was recorded or stored.
As I reported earlier, the
admissibility of the request was doubtful
in any case.
Showing compliance with them may assist
in achieving
admissibility, whereas compliance with the national standards should definitely satisfy the «proof
of records system integrity» requirement
of the
admissibility rule
in s. 31.2 (1)(a)
of the Canada Evidence Act.
While
in its Order
of 14 July 2005
in Case C ‑ 70 / 04 transferring the case to the General Court, the Court had expressly mentioned this possibility (albeit without giving its view on it), the present judgement entirely omits any reference to the
admissibility of the Swiss appeal.
It dealt with the disclosure and
admissibility of maintenance and other records concerning the Intoxilyzer 5000C,
in relation to charges
of impaired driving and «over 80» (ss.
In this case, there were Charter applications around
admissibility of evidence, a severance application, and an intention to rely on the co-conspirator's exception to the hearsay rule.
And for an advantage
in litigation, to raise an argument for opposing the
admissibility of an opponent's records based upon a failure
of standards - compliance, one's own ERMS has to be ready for a reciprocal attack.
Paragraphs 4.1 to 4.8 decide upon the
admissibility of the civil organisation plaintiffs, before Section 5 engages
in the substantive assessment
of the claims.
Unfortunately, none
of their duties include «informing citizens
of their legal rights,» with the sole exception
of informing a detainee
of his right to a lawyer, and then only if the officer cares about the
admissibility of the detainee's statements
in court.
And the addition
in 1999 - 2000,
of the (still ignored) electronic records provisions» required proof
of «systems integrity»
in the Evidence Acts, was not simply another chapter added to the same old story, but rather a very different story requiring different rules and practices for discovery and
admissibility proceedings.
(5)
in relation to decisions on the
admissibility of such evidence, the unreasonable division made between the «minimal evidential burden» the Crown must satisfy to transfer an almost impossible - to - satisfy onus to the defence to produce «evidence to the contrary»; instead, the Crown should be required to produce witnesses who are accountable for those complex systems and subject to cross-examination;
In regard to best evidence rule issues, admissibility of electronic records requires proof of the «systems integrity» of the electronic records management systems (ERMSs) in which the records are recorded or stored; see for example: Canada Evidence Act (CEA) s. 31.2 (1)(a); Ontario Evidence Act (OEA) s. 34.1 (5), (5.1); Alberta Evidence Act s. 41.4 (1), (2); and the, Nova Scotia Evidence Act s. 23D (1
In regard to best evidence rule issues,
admissibility of electronic records requires proof
of the «systems integrity»
of the electronic records management systems (ERMSs)
in which the records are recorded or stored; see for example: Canada Evidence Act (CEA) s. 31.2 (1)(a); Ontario Evidence Act (OEA) s. 34.1 (5), (5.1); Alberta Evidence Act s. 41.4 (1), (2); and the, Nova Scotia Evidence Act s. 23D (1
in which the records are recorded or stored; see for example: Canada Evidence Act (CEA) s. 31.2 (1)(a); Ontario Evidence Act (OEA) s. 34.1 (5), (5.1); Alberta Evidence Act s. 41.4 (1), (2); and the, Nova Scotia Evidence Act s. 23D (1).
In my view, the phrase «objection to the
admissibility of the expert's evidence» necessarily includes objections based on inadequate qualifications
of the expert.
But rules as to the preparation
of discovery plans (e.g., Ontario Rules
of Civil Procedure 29.1.03 (4)-RRB- do not require production
of such records management information, even though adequate proof
of «systems integrity» for
admissibility, and adequate and «
in good faith» production on discovery, can not be assured without it.
[14]
In my view, no difference can be drawn between an objection to the
admissibility of the report, and an objection to an expert's qualification with regard to Rule 11 - 6 (10).
I note parenthetically that it was Ducharme, J. who decided
in R. v. Padavattan16 cited
in Grant, that was part
of a series
of cases voicing a criticism
of the former conscription test for the
admissibility of bodily samples that all too often led to almost automatic exclusion.
In regard to best evidence rule issues, admissibility of electronic records requires proof of the «systems integrity» of the electronic records management systems (ERMSs) in which the records are recorded or stored; see... [mor
In regard to best evidence rule issues,
admissibility of electronic records requires proof
of the «systems integrity»
of the electronic records management systems (ERMSs)
in which the records are recorded or stored; see... [mor
in which the records are recorded or stored; see... [more]
Before answering the substantive competition law question
in the Allianz case, the Court first addresses its jurisdiction as well as the
admissibility of the preliminary reference.
I identify, among a host
of examples, the way
in which Professor Zander handles the quality and length
of modern legislation and the process by which it comes to be enacted
in the form which it finally takes: the
admissibility in argument involving statutory interpretation
of reference to Hansard and the Parliamentary debates: the personal element
in judicial law - making, and the «so called» rules
of statutory interpretation: and diversity on the judicial bench.
If so, then one
of the bread - and - butter issues
in which trial judges get no shortage
of experience is the
admissibility of expert testimony.
This week on the legal - affairs podcast Lawyer2Lawyer, we discuss the recent Supreme Court decision Sprint / United Management Co. v. Mendelsohn, involving the
admissibility of «me too» evidence
in employment discrimination cases.
In the employment law context, the Apology Act may affect the admissibility of an employer's apology to an employee, or vice versa, as evidence in employment - related proceeding
In the employment law context, the Apology Act may affect the
admissibility of an employer's apology to an employee, or vice versa, as evidence
in employment - related proceeding
in employment - related proceedings.
On the other hand, if all
of the evidence
admissibility issues had been sorted out before trial by motion
in writing — the US system — and all
of the witnesses that either side knew they might call had been available for pretrial deposition and everybody conceivably important had been examined - again the American system — then perhaps your trial and all
of the other trials wouldn't have been as long, or have been resolved for whatever reason because the lawyers knew what the evidence would likely be, so there'd have been judges... etc..
This last point immediately leads us to the issue
of admissibility raised by a number
of Member States as well as institutions that have submitted observations
in the present case.
But the
admissibility of these answers
in subsequent prosecutions should now be reconsidered.
The second judgment
of the ECJ
in Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami thus raises several questions: to what extent is the economy
of the procedure indeed a valid justification for skipping a (n explicit) review
of the fulfilment
of the
admissibility requirements?
This is the second time that the ECJ was confronted with the issue
of trade
in seals, after having dismissed an earlier appeal to the order
of the General Court
in an action for annulment
of Regulation No 1007/2009 on the basis
of lack
of admissibility (Case T - 18 / 10, Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami I, EU: T: 2011:419).
The Supreme Court
of Canada has ordered a new trial for a B.C. man convicted
of two counts
of first - degree murder
in a case involving the
admissibility of hearsay evidence and threshold reliability.
Today, the Supreme Court decided to let lower courts decide the
admissibility of testimony by employees other than the plaintiff regarding workplace discrimination, also known as «me too» evidence,
in discrimination cases.
The author concludes by identifying some important points that French courts should tackle
in the future, that is, the
admissibility of challenges against decisions rendered by arbitral institutions, and their role
in the proceedings concerning challenges against arbitral awards.