Sentences with phrase «of aerosol»

There are elements of climate science that can be addressed using these methods, notably in atmospheric chemistry and the physics and chemistry of aerosol and cloud particles.

Both of these factors likely highly changed the spatial profile of the aerosol coverage.

We must remember that are a number of aerosol sources that produce particles of this size (about 100 nm or 0.1 micron), including anthropogenic ones.

These uncertainties are reflected in the model simulations of aerosol concentrations which all show similar total amounts, but have very different partitions among the different types.

Therefore in a fingerprint study that doesn't distinguish between aerosols and GHGs, what the exact value of the aerosol forcing right is basically irrelevant.

Acccording to RC, the uncertainty in the amount of aerosol cooling makes the twentieth century warming (the blade) a rather dodgy way of estimating the clim.

Perhaps surprisingly, the key innovation in this experimental set up is not the presence of the controllable ionisation source (from the Proton Synchrotron accelerator), but rather the state - of - the - art instrumentation of the chamber that has allowed them to see in unprecedented detail what is going on in the aerosol nucleation process (this is according to a couple of aerosol people I've spoken about this with).

There is a significant amount of aerosol formation taking place with no ionization («background levels»), and when the sample air in the experiment was replaced, this caused a large jump (seen as a shift along the vertical axis) in the formation rate (the different colours in the figure above).

Depending on what you are looking at, it could have a bottom up estimate of aerosol forcing or aerosol forcings from a residual calculation — neither of which really have the range of uncertainty.

The high levels of aerosol pollution to be found in many regions of Asia up to and including the present day are well documented: see https://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2018/01/economist-explains-19 and also https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2017/11/22/16666808/india-air-pollution-new-delhi

According to «Atmospheric particles and nuclei» by Götz et al. (1991), Junge (1963) proposed on the basis of aerosol measurements that «large» and «giant» particles (radius greater than 0.1 micro-meter) constitute the majority of CCN, independently of their chemical composition.

The only «necessity» prompting the introduction of the aerosol pollution hypothesis is the necessity of rescuing a failing theory from falsification

Because we can't easily distinguish what's what from space, we don't have good global coverage of exactly how much of the aerosol is anthropogenic, and how much is natural.

It requires models to have a full model of aerosol creation, growth, accretion and cloud nucleation.

Prior to the publication of the aerosol nucleation results from the CLOUD experiment at CERN in Nature several weeks ago Kirkby et al, 2011, I was asked by Nature Geoscience to write a «News and Views» on the CLOUD results for a general science audience.

Our proposed mechanism could produce quite a lot of aerosol but only future studies can show the precise impact.

Thirdly, there were concerns about the relative magnitudes of aerosol forcing (cooling) and CO2 forcing (warming), although this latter strand seems to have been short lived.

I'm sorry if it's boring — only as boring perhaps as unscientific guesswork about the extent of aerosol - induced cooling post-1940s perhaps, which many are more than happy to indulge in.

Shear's two instances of larger canvases feel massive in this company, and while the titular painting's hail of aerosol'd black headlights lunges at the viewer with overt aggression (which, to me, would feel far less pronounced if rendered in a smaller scale), Autocorrect in the back gallery works sublimely... but precisely because much of that canvas is untouched by any media.

In addition to those blasts of aerosol and the dance of the wrist, viewers will be rewarded by looking as well for the ways in which Solomon would mask off certain forms within the painting.

The final layer of colour replicates sheets of flyposters peeling from our city's walls whilst the Bravura use of aerosol on the portraits lends the pieces a futuristic sheen, echoing the seductive promise of technological fulfillment.

Andersen continues to stylistically pursue this point of origin in his visuals, building on a decade of aerosol calisthenics that paved his way into the fine arts.

There's a crack in everything and that's how the light gets in, and so it was on a rainy July day that I visited the Dot Art Gallery to be greeted by a splash of sunlight in the form of AEROSOL

-- featuring eleven works spanning four decades of aerosol painting — the noted critic Roberta Smith pays tribute to Dan Christensen.

«Turbulence 21» explores the assimilation of aerosol painting, charring and sanding techniques on wood.

«in City and in Forest 30» explores the assimilation of aerosol painting, pyrography and sanding techniques on wood.

, a group exhibition that examines artists who have embraced the invention of aerosol spray paint in making art.

But they have been serious about controlling their work ever since a number of their aerosol tableaus were photographed — without their permission — for a book and an... read more... «David Gonzalez and the rights of graffiti muralists»

This prompted him to both produce and direct a two hour documentary film on the global impact of aerosol culture called Get The Message.

Not to worry, there are plenty of aerosol renegades and ruffians scaling walls at night too; this is New York after all, yo.

Guests who set the fire alarm off with excess use of aerosol, use of matches or smoking cigarettes, will be charged the full fire service call out fee of $ 1500.

All I have to do is pick up a can of aerosol spray and my dog starts sneezing... even if she's on the other side of the room.

In one study, administration of an aerosol containing nedocromil sodium of approximately 15 mg increased the lag time for the dogs to cough after exposure to a citric acid aerosol (31).

The isolation room should also have independent, adequate ventilation to decrease the risk of aerosol transmission.

In general, the risk of aerosol transmission increases with proximity and duration of exposure to the source; however, once aerosolized, certain pathogens may remain infective over long distances, depending on particle size, the nature of the pathogen, and such environmental factors as temperature and humidity.3

* For more information on the aerosolized transmission of Dog Flu, see Review of Aerosol Transmission of Influenza A Virus on the CDC website.

Use of aerosol sprays, foggers or flea bombs is not recommended, due to the high probability of harm during the application from inhaling the aerosol.

Chill a sheet of glass and a can of aerosol hairspray.

If there is a can of coconut potpourri nearby it's better to proactively dump half of the aerosol can into the air.

Carbon offsets from NativeEnergy enable Aveda to balance the climate impact of its aerosol hairsprays and other business activities.

The effects of aerosol injections are at least somewhat known, since volcanic eruptions produce aerosols naturally and have produced cooling in the past.

They also compared global estimates of aerosol effects on the Earth's climate using two of the parameterizations.

Nevertheless, the similarity between results from inverse and forward estimates of aerosol forcing strengthens confidence in estimates of total aerosol forcing, despite remaining uncertainties.

Forward model approaches to estimating aerosol forcing are based on estimates of emissions and models of aerosol physics and chemistry.

This research is the first to connect a commercial CCN, with a CVI and mass spectrometers to study the chemistry of aerosol particles that activate to cloud droplets.

The 5 to 95 % estimates for the range of aerosol forcing relate to total or net fossil - fuel related aerosol forcing (in W m — 2).

Studies providing inverse estimates of aerosol forcing are compared in Table 9.1.

Inverse estimates of aerosol forcing from detection and attribution studies and studies estimating equilibrium climate sensitivity (see Section 9.6 and Table 9.3 for details on studies).

Spatial distributions and seasonal cycles of aerosol climate effects in India seen in a global climate - aerosol model.

Observations of Aerosol / Trace Gases, Clouds, Precipitation, and Radiation from DOE Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility