Sentences with phrase «of aerosol composition»

Although very few measurements have been made of aerosol composition in Pacific coastal fog, large differences in fog water chemistry have been reported from other regions.

We need to better understand how shielded PAHs might vary depending on the complexity of the aerosol composition, atmospheric chemical aging of particles, temperature, and relative humidity,» said Shrivastava.

Given the increasing availability of aerosol composition data collected from aircraft, the team expects that their approach can be successfully applied to improve understanding of a wide range of sophisticated processes and phenomena related to aerosols, including how properties evolve with time and the dynamic interactions between aerosols and clouds.

Not exact matches

These results imply that the chlorine activation efficiency of the aerosol particles increases rapidly as the temperature approaches the ice frost point regardless of the phase or composition of the particles.

And by carefully measuring and modeling the resulting changes in atmospheric composition, scientists could improve their estimate of how sensitive Earth's climate is to CO2, said lead author Joyce Penner, a professor of atmospheric science at the University of Michigan whose work focuses on improving global climate models and their ability to model the interplay between clouds and aerosol particles.

This allows us to do analyses of aerosols and dust composition in the atmosphere.

During her doctoral work, Mather investigated the chemical composition of volcanic «plumes,» a mixture of aerosols and gases volcanoes emit that resembles smoke.

To investigate the layers and composition of clouds and tiny airborne particles like dust, smoke and other atmospheric aerosols,, scientists at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland have developed an instrument called the Cloud - Aerosol Transport System, or CATS.

So researchers at the University of Geneva (UNIGE) asked themselves if it would be possible to characterize biological aerosols through the composition of the water whence they come.

The intensity of this return pulse also allows scientists to infer other properties, such as the composition of clouds, and the abundance and sizes of aerosols,.

But researchers from the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, members of the PlanetSolar Deepwater expedition, have now succeeded in linking the composition of marine biological aerosols — and therefore their influence on the climate — to that of bodies of water under them within the Atlantic Ocean, thereby paving the way to an indirect study of these aerosols through water analysis.

Principle investigator Matthew Berg, associate professor of physics, said the study, published in Nature's Scientific Reports, is key to understanding the aerosol composition of Earth's atmosphere.

Spanish and Portuguese researchers have analysed the composition and radiative effect of desert aerosols during two episodes which simultaneously affected Badajoz (Spain) and Évora (Portugal) in August 2012.

There they spread globally and can influence the composition of the air for many years — with far - reaching consequences for ozone chemistry, aerosol formation and climate.

However, the expert indicates that it is important to bear in mind that the effects of each type of aerosol are different due to their «varying composition, size and properties,» she concludes.

Non-polar glacial ice holds a wealth of information about past changes in climate, the environment and especially atmospheric composition, such as variations in temperature, atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases and emissions of natural aerosols or human - made pollutants... The glaciers therefore hold the memory of former climates and help to predict future environmental changes.

The conclusions are based on observed gas and aerosol composition, humidity and temperature data collected at a site in rural Alabama as part of the Southern Oxidant and Aerosol Study aerosol composition, humidity and temperature data collected at a site in rural Alabama as part of the Southern Oxidant and Aerosol Study Aerosol Study (SOAS).

They then analyzed the chemical compositions and CCN activities of the aerosol samples.

«Once the ocean - atmosphere system was isolated, we could systematically probe how changes in the seawater due to biological activity affect the composition and climate properties of the sea spray aerosol,» said Prather, a professor in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry who holds a joint appointment at Scripps Institution of Oceanography.

In September 2016 the team, while at an International Global Atmospheric Chemistry project meeting in Colorado, reported that the sensors onboard the balloons not only confirmed the existence of tropopause aerosols over India, but yielded fresh data into their composition.

«The backward - enhanced plasma emission spectrum from water droplets or biological agents,» they write, «could be attractive for remotely determining the composition of atmospheric aerosol.»

Dr. Yu has led and participated in many field studies for in situ measurements of aerosols and determination of their chemical compositions and physical characteristics.

The specialized instruments onboard the aircraft sampled the plume for aerosol particle size distribution and composition as well as concentrations of pollutant gases such as sulfur dioxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

Mike Alexander, Alex Laskin, Yuri Desyaterik, and John Ortega, who work at DOE's Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) at PNNL and Xiao - ying Yu of PNNL's Atmospheric Science and Global Change Division, collected an extensive set of measurements of aerosol mass, size distribution, composition, and particle morphology using an array of in - situ techniques and aerosol sampling approaches.

This is a nice summary of many measurements of PM1 aerosol chemical composition.

The development of ERICA (ERc Instrument for the Chemical composition of Aerosols) was financed by the EU through an ERC Advanced Grant for Professor Stephan Borrmann, who is both a professor at the Institute for Atmospheric Physics of the JGU and director at the MPI for Chemistry.

Additionally, stimulated bacterial degradation might heavily affect the organic composition of nascent sea - spray particles, upon which relies the ability of marine aerosols to interact with the climate system.

Characterization of chemical composition of secondary organic aerosols (SOA).

Short summary: Led by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, scientists conducted a collaborative study that answered foundational questions about how nature influences the composition of aerosols.

According to «Atmospheric particles and nuclei» by Götz et al. (1991), Junge (1963) proposed on the basis of aerosol measurements that «large» and «giant» particles (radius greater than 0.1 micro-meter) constitute the majority of CCN, independently of their chemical composition.

Well, it is unfortunate, though probably not coincidental, that the modern record starts at the same time that significant modifications of atmopsheric composition (greenhouse gases, aerosols etc.) were occuring on a global scale.

And at the same time we altered the entire chemistry of the atmospheric composition profoundly, with Ozone depleting agents or Aerosols, which act both ways when reflecting infrared light.

Please explain the (difference between the) aerosol amounts / composition / effects (especially for ocean heat content) over the NH and SH in the 2001 GCMs vs. current GCMs for the calculations of the 1945 - 1975 period and the 1975 - 200x period.

Research into the effects of aerosols with various compositions has been underway for over a decade now.

The composition of sea spray aerosol particles are influenced by both chlorophyll - a concentrations and microbial degradation.

This course provides a detailed overview of the physics and chemistry of atmospheric aerosols including composition, size, and interaction with radiation and clouds.

Changes in atmospheric composition from human activities are the main cause of anthropogenic climate change by enhancing the greenhouse effect, although with important regional effects from aerosol particulates (IPCC 2007).

Perlwitz, J.P., C. Pérez García - Pando, and R.L. Miller, 2015: Predicting the mineral composition of dust aerosols — Part 2: Model evaluation and identification of key processes with observations.

One theory of many behind the solar / volcanic connection is that MUONS, a by product of galactic cosmic rays can affect the calderas of certain volcanoes by changing the chemical composition of the matter within the silica rich magma creating aerosols which increase pressure in the magma chamber and hence lead to an explosive eruption.

The composition and technical characteristics of the equipment complex used in the experiments to control aerosol optical and microphysical parameters and meteorological conditions of the experiment are considered.

adding two variables that were requested in the ACCMIP Word document but not explained in the spreadsheet: the longwave and the shortwave cloud radiative forcing with reference (fixed) composition, for diagnosis of aerosol indirect effect.

These include the influences of a changing climate, altered air mixing and transport rates, energy exchange, and changes in the composition of the atmosphere (e.g., water vapor, methane, nitrous oxide, aerosols, etc.), all of which can influence stratospheric ozone.

The experiments were performed with ModelE2, a new version of the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Sciences (GISS) coupled general circulation model that includes three different versions for the atmospheric composition components: a noninteractive version (NINT) with prescribed composition and a tuned aerosol indirect effect (AIE), the TCAD version with fully interactive aerosols, whole - atmosphere chemistry, and the tuned AIE, and the TCADI version which further includes a parameterized first indirect aerosol effect on clouds.

«There is nothing inherently wrong with defining aerosol changes to be a forcing, but it is practically impossible to accurately determine the aerosol forcing because it depends sensitively on the geographical and altitude distribution of aerosols, aerosol absorption, and aerosol cloud effects for each of several aerosol compositions.

According to Prather, the studies have given researchers a newfound understanding of the significance of the complicated relationships between the microbes that can be found in seawater and their impact in the composition and the ability to form clouds of sea spray aerosol.

Global and regional impacts of HONO on the chemical composition of clouds and aerosols.

Aerosol collections on the NOAA Ron Brown for subsequent processing of INP activation temperature spectra and composition analyses, add a valuable measurement to the ACAPEX and related CalWater2 (NOAA) studies for use in parameterizing and modeling the impacts of marine boundary layer and other aerosols on climate and radiation via aerosol - indirect effects on mixed phase Aerosol collections on the NOAA Ron Brown for subsequent processing of INP activation temperature spectra and composition analyses, add a valuable measurement to the ACAPEX and related CalWater2 (NOAA) studies for use in parameterizing and modeling the impacts of marine boundary layer and other aerosols on climate and radiation via aerosol - indirect effects on mixed phase aerosol - indirect effects on mixed phase clouds.

The experiments showed that the mass and composition of organic aerosols are significantly influenced by OH radicals.

[~ 17 model years](Motivation: Variation in the climate response across models will be a function of (a) different climate sensitivity in the GCMs, (b) different impact of aerosols on climate (due to location with respect to clouds, water uptake, natural aerosols, mixing, etc), and (c) different 3D constituent fields from the composition models.

Its twice - daily five - day forecasts of global atmospheric composition supplement the IFS monitoring of temperature, air pressure and humidity by including chemical species such as ozone, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, aerosols and greenhouse gases.