Sentences with phrase «of aerosol particles on»

He performed pioneering research on the effects of aerosol particles on climate.

Not exact matches

The research focuses on the power of minute airborne particles known as aerosols, which can come from urban and industrial air pollution, wildfires and other sources.

And by carefully measuring and modeling the resulting changes in atmospheric composition, scientists could improve their estimate of how sensitive Earth's climate is to CO2, said lead author Joyce Penner, a professor of atmospheric science at the University of Michigan whose work focuses on improving global climate models and their ability to model the interplay between clouds and aerosol particles.

«Tiny particles have outsize impact on storm clouds, precipitation: Amazon rainforest provides a unique natural lab to study effects of aerosols.»

On their own, aerosol particles are tiny; when a cloud droplet becomes a rain droplet, it grows by a factor of a million as droplets crash and coalesce together.

There are few absolutes in life, but Will Cantrell - professor of physics at Michigan Technological University - says this is one: «Every cloud droplet in Earth's atmosphere formed on a preexisting aerosol particle.»

Several symposia have a local focus, including sessions on ecology and education in San Diego's Mission Bay Park and the causes and effects of aerosol particles in San Diego's atmosphere.

Over land, the small size of these aerosol particles tends to suppress rainfall because the water droplets that condense on them are light enough to remain aloft.

Another massive undertaking, the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX), meanwhile, was specifically designed to see if climate forcing on the part of aerosol particles could be directly measured.

What's more, according to Tim Bates of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), «there's a very wide range of sizes [for aerosol particles], and the effect that the particle is going to have on climate is going to be very dependent on its size, which makes it trickier.»

Reactions in and on sea - salt aerosol particles may have a strong influence on oxidation processes in the marine boundary layer through the production of halogen radicals, and reactions on mineral aerosols may significantly affect the cycles of nitrogen, sulfur, and atmospheric oxidants.

During ISDAC, they collected an unprecedented level of data and detailed observations on Arctic clouds and aerosols, those tiny particles in the atmosphere that act as seeds for cloud droplets and ice crystals.

Incoming energy, which comes primarily from the sun, is turned into various forms of absorbed energy, depending on terrain and atmospheric conditions such as clouds and aerosol particles.

We need to better understand how shielded PAHs might vary depending on the complexity of the aerosol composition, atmospheric chemical aging of particles, temperature, and relative humidity,» said Shrivastava.

The potential risks around sulfate aerosol solar geoengineering include alteration of regional precipitation patterns, its effects on human health, and the potential damage to Earth's ozone layer by increased stratospheric sulfate particles.

In general, the risk of aerosol transmission increases with proximity and duration of exposure to the source; however, once aerosolized, certain pathogens may remain infective over long distances, depending on particle size, the nature of the pathogen, and such environmental factors as temperature and humidity.3

According to «Atmospheric particles and nuclei» by Götz et al. (1991), Junge (1963) proposed on the basis of aerosol measurements that «large» and «giant» particles (radius greater than 0.1 micro-meter) constitute the majority of CCN, independently of their chemical composition.

After each of these eruptions we have noted the presence of (generally) submicrometer - sized ash particles and aerosol droplets on collectors, although we can not always be certain of the identity of the volcano responsible for the material.

The spotlight is on the effect of aerosol - particles released by industrial activity - on the Earth's climate.

CLOUD is designed to study the effects of cosmic rays on aerosols, cloud droplets and ice particles, under precisely controlled laboratory conditions.

I write it off as a very real effect that is not well characterized by the models, probably because these models don't model with enough accuracy the effect of the additional aerosol particles on cloud production to properly account for it's full effect on temperature.

Coupling these new measurements with detailed cloud simulations that resolve the size distributions of aerosols and cloud particles, we found several lines of evidence indicating that most anvil crystals form on mid-tropospheric rather than boundary - layer aerosols.

Every droplet in a cloud must be seeded on a particle of some kind, generally referred to as aerosols.

Over the last century, tiny airborne particles called aerosols, which cool the climate by absorbing and reflecting sunlight, have largely cancelled out the effects of GHG emissions on tropical storm intensity, according to a new scientific review paper published in Science journal.

The UV Aerosol Index (UV - AI), which is an excellent indicator of the column amounts of light - absorbing particles in clear as well as cloudy atmospheres, showed 2016 was the smokiest season on record since 2004.

Fan's most recent paper appeared in Science and investigated the influence of ultrafine aerosol particles from urban areas on severe storms.

This is an old story: Rasool and (Steve) Schneider published a paper in Science on that day noting that if human - made aerosols (small particles in the air) increased by a factor of four, other things being equal, they could cause massive global cooling.

As part of that calculation, researchers have relied on simplifying assumptions when accounting for the temperature impacts of climate drivers other than carbon dioxide, such as tiny particles in the atmosphere known as aerosols, for example.»

With regard to the actual content of the press release quoted, it isn't clear if the process they report on (aerosol particles, particularly organic chemicals, getting smaller over time) makes them better or worse at forming clouds and their other atmosphere cooling functions.

Kim M. J., G. A. Novak, M. C. Zoerb, M. Yang, B. W. Blomquist, B. J. Huebert, C. D. Cappa and T. H. Bertram (April 2017): Air - Sea exchange of biogenic volatile organic compounds and the impact on aerosol particle size distributions.

I'll admit that dimethysulphide and iodocompounds are poor reaches for straws, I don't know who dreamed that up, more emphasis should be made on natural mineral, sea - salt, and gas - to - particle aerosols)-- Very poor oversimplified cloud modeling (equating all clouds to a single W / m2 forcing parameter)-- Accuracy of model predictions (they present a juicy graph of a 1988 model and observed temps.

Dlugach, Z.M., M.I. Mishchenko, and A.V. Morozhenko, 2002: The effect of the shape of dust aerosol particles in the Martian atmosphere on the particle parameters.

Unger's analysis is one of the first of its kind to incorporate the multiple effects that aerosol particles can have on clouds, which affect the climate indirectly.

Gagné and colleagues showed that sulfate aerosol particles, which are released by the burning of fossil fuels, may have disguised the impact of greenhouse gases on Arctic sea ice.

In the article «Global atmospheric particle formation from CERN CLOUD measurements,» sciencemag.org, 49 authors concluded «Atmospheric aerosol nucleation has been studied for over 20 years, but the difficulty of performing laboratory nucleation - rate measurements close to atmospheric conditions means that global model simulations have not been directly based on experimental data.....

Physico - chemical properties of particles varied strongly in time and space, depending on the main sources of aerosols.

Under strict temperature and humidity conditions, investigations in this laboratory provide new information on the particular aerosol particles that can lead to the formation of these clouds.

In addition to the complex physics of fog formation and transport, recent research suggests that microscopic aerosol particles may be critical players in fog dynamics and its effect on coastal human and ecological systems.

In the United States, new research from the City College of New York on the effects of particle pollution on weather patterns around Manhattan has shown that aerosols can either increase or decrease local rainfall, sometimes creating situations where one area will be deluged while a neighboring town will remain dry.

Interactions with the hydrological cycle, and additional impacts on the radiation budget, occur through the role of aerosols in cloud microphysical processes, as aerosol particles act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice nuclei (IN).

In addition to the data from the radiometers, the Berkeley Lab scientists will get supplemental data by taking advantage of a separate, in - depth DOE climate study at the same location, which is using additional instruments and a balloon - borne sounding system to get information on temperature, cloud cover, the density and types of aerosols or pollution particles, heat fluxes and other climate variables like precipitation.

Shindell's paper further focuses on improving our understanding of how airborne particles, called aerosols, drive climate change in the Northern Hemisphere.

Most regular aerosol particles contain water, the amount of which depends on the hygroscopicity (= water affinity) of the aerosol and on the relative humidity (RH).

My research is focused on the climate effects of atmospheric aerosol particles and on broader interconnections within the climate system.

Topics that I work on or plan to work in the future include studies of: + missing aerosol species and sources, such as the primary oceanic aerosols and their importance on the remote marine atmosphere, the in - cloud and aerosol water aqueous formation of organic aerosols that can lead to brown carbon formation, the primary terrestrial biological particles, and the organic nitrogen + missing aerosol parameterizations, such as the effect of aerosol mixing on cloud condensation nuclei and aerosol absorption, the semi-volatility of primary organic aerosols, the importance of in - canopy processes on natural terrestrial aerosol and aerosol precursor sources, and the mineral dust iron solubility and bioavailability + the change of aerosol burden and its spatiotemporal distribution, especially with regard to its role and importance on gas - phase chemistry via photolysis rates changes and heterogeneous reactions in the atmosphere, as well as their effect on key gas - phase species like ozone + the physical and optical properties of aerosols, which affect aerosol transport, lifetime, and light scattering and absorption, with the latter being very sensitive to the vertical distribution of absorbing aerosols + aerosol - cloud interactions, which include cloud activation, the aerosol indirect effect and the impact of clouds on aerosol removal + changes on climate and feedbacks related with all these topics In order to understand the climate system as a whole, improve the aerosol representation in the GISS ModelE2 and contribute to future IPCC climate change assessments and CMIP activities, I am also interested in understanding the importance of natural and anthropogenic aerosol changes in the atmosphere on the terrestrial biosphere, the ocean and climate.