Not exact matches
The research focuses
on the power
of minute airborne particles known as
aerosols, which can come from urban and industrial air
pollution, wildfires and other sources.
«We've shown that under clean and humid conditions, like those that exist over the ocean and some land in the tropics, tiny
aerosols have a big impact
on weather and climate and can intensify storms a great deal,» said Fan, an expert
on the effects
of pollution on storms and weather.
On Buddhist religious holidays, he found that the ritual burning
of incense, tree limbs, herbs and huge piles
of leaves emitted about 80 percent
of the city's
aerosol pollution, including a large amount
of carcinogens.
Aerosols from the production
of heavy oil is a growing climate and
pollution concern because new tar sands developments are
on the drawing board in Venezuela, Utah and elsewhere, the study says.
This simple analysis shows that the «2 degree target»
of «dangerous anthropogenic interference» is looming
on the horizon, as the climate equilibrates and
aerosol pollution is cleaned up.
The ARM data will provide more detailed measurements
of both
aerosols and clouds to assist the research team in quantifying the impacts
of aerosols on precipitation under a variety
of atmospheric and
pollution conditions.
The portion associated with short term forcings (solar, unaccounted - for volcanic
aerosols, undercounts
of Chinese
pollution) will depend
on their long term evolution — if they stabilise, you'd get a delay.
PACific Dust EXperiment «The long range transport
of dust and anthropogenic
aerosols (e.g, black carbon, organics and sulfates, and air
pollution from Eurasia, across the Pacific Ocean, into North America is one
of the most wide spread and major
pollution events
on the planet.
Urban heat island - The relative warmth
of a city compared with surrounding rural areas, associated with changes in runoff, the concrete jungle effects
on heat retention, changes in surface albedo, changes in
pollution and
aerosols, and so
on.
Stepping back from there, Hansen looks at 1940 and above: «The approximate stand - still
of global temperature during 1940 - 1975 is generally attributed to an approximate balance
of aerosol cooling and greenhouse gas warming during a period
of rapid growth
of fossil fuel use with little control
on particulate air
pollution, but quantitative interpretation has been impossible» That's the excuse and it is laughable.
The approximate stand - still
of global temperature during 1940 - 1975 is generally attributed to an approximate balance
of aerosol cooling and greenhouse gas warming during a period
of rapid growth
of fossil fuel use with little control
on particulate air
pollution, but quantitative interpretation has been impossible because
of the absence
of adequate
aerosol measurements.
We always thought that — apart
of course from soot [15 %
of climate warming]-- such
aerosol pollution creates cooling — as in the case
of Chinese sulfur
pollution and the Asian (Indian) brown cloud — and that air quality measures over recent decades in North America and Europe are now actually a major cause
of increased warming speeds there — as the actual temperature catches up
on the «CO2 baseline».
New information from dedicated recent and future field campaigns is expected to shed light
on organic
aerosol formation processes and how they are altered in the presence
of anthropogenic
pollution.
The approximate stand - still
of global temperature during 1940 - 1975 is generally attributed to an approximate balance
of aerosol cooling and greenhouse gas warming during a period
of rapid growth
of fossil fuel use with little control
on particulate air
pollution, but satisfactory quantitative interpretation has been impossible because
of the absence
of adequate
aerosol measurements.
But I've been shifting my thinking based
on recent conversations with some
of the authors below about the feasibility
of incremental management
of sun - blocking
aerosols, even as warming
aerosols contributing to conventional air
pollution are reduced.
Researchers have blamed this short - lived cooling, more pronounced in the Northern Hemisphere,
on a build - up
of sunlight - blocking sulphate
aerosols from fossil fuels, which began to clear in the 1970s as
pollution controls took hold.
The approximate stand - still
of global temperature during 1940 - 1975 is generally attributed to an approximate balance
of aerosol cooling and greenhouse gas warming during a period
of rapid growth
of fossil fuel use with little control
on particulate air
pollution -LSB-...]»
In the United States, new research from the City College
of New York
on the effects
of particle
pollution on weather patterns around Manhattan has shown that
aerosols can either increase or decrease local rainfall, sometimes creating situations where one area will be deluged while a neighboring town will remain dry.
That seems the clearest statement yet
of the real problem == is there anything that can replace current levels
of air
pollution, if high sulfur coal and oil are phased out for respiratory health reasons, that would make up for the loss
of the
aerosols» negative forcing
on global temperature?
In addition to the data from the radiometers, the Berkeley Lab scientists will get supplemental data by taking advantage
of a separate, in - depth DOE climate study at the same location, which is using additional instruments and a balloon - borne sounding system to get information
on temperature, cloud cover, the density and types
of aerosols or
pollution particles, heat fluxes and other climate variables like precipitation.
«This complex influence is completely missing from climate models, casting doubt
on their ability to simulate the response
of precipitation to changes in
aerosol pollution.»