Sentences with phrase «of aerosols on the climate»

This is one of the best examples of why aerosol mixing state is so important for modeling the effect of aerosols on climate.

This mis - representation and can have significant ramifications for estimating the direct and indirect effects of aerosols on climate.

However, given the sensitivity of the Arctic to external forcing and the intense interest in the effects of aerosols on its climate, it is important to examine and quantify the effects of individual groups of anthropogenic forcing agents.

[~ 17 model years](Motivation: Variation in the climate response across models will be a function of (a) different climate sensitivity in the GCMs, (b) different impact of aerosols on climate (due to location with respect to clouds, water uptake, natural aerosols, mixing, etc), and (c) different 3D constituent fields from the composition models.

The effects of aerosols on the climate are a problem for the L&S model, as the authors almost admit in the paper:

This section assesses (1) the impact of meteorological (climatic) factors like wind, temperature and precipitation on the natural aerosol burden and (2) possible effects of aerosols on climate parameters and biogeochemistry.

The impacts of aerosols on climate are significant, but also very uncertain.

Not exact matches

This critical question is addressed using simulations from climate models based on projections of future emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols.

Overall, improving our understanding of one of the largest natural aerosol sources is critical if we are to understand the effects of human - made aerosols on climate,» says Matt Salter.

And by carefully measuring and modeling the resulting changes in atmospheric composition, scientists could improve their estimate of how sensitive Earth's climate is to CO2, said lead author Joyce Penner, a professor of atmospheric science at the University of Michigan whose work focuses on improving global climate models and their ability to model the interplay between clouds and aerosol particles.

This finding has implications for the role of sea spray aerosols in climate, especially on how they interact with solar radiation,» says Paul Zieger, assistant professor at ACES and co-author of the study.

«We've shown that under clean and humid conditions, like those that exist over the ocean and some land in the tropics, tiny aerosols have a big impact on weather and climate and can intensify storms a great deal,» said Fan, an expert on the effects of pollution on storms and weather.

Unfortunately, current simulation models, which combine global climate models with aerosol transport models, consistently underestimate the amount of these aerosols in the Arctic compared to actual measurements during the spring and winter seasons, making it difficult to accurately assess the impact of these substances on the climate.

The theory of dangerous climate change is based not just on carbon dioxide warming but on positive and negative feedback effects from water vapor and phenomena such as clouds and airborne aerosols from coal burning.

The information could also feed into climate models to help understand the effects of clouds and aerosols on Earth's energy balance.

But researchers from the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, members of the PlanetSolar Deepwater expedition, have now succeeded in linking the composition of marine biological aerosols — and therefore their influence on the climate — to that of bodies of water under them within the Atlantic Ocean, thereby paving the way to an indirect study of these aerosols through water analysis.

Scientists believe that aerosols exert an influence on climate roughly equal to that of greenhouse gases, but the current estimate of aerosols» climate effect carries a large margin of error.

«There is a link between the chemistry that goes on in this type of air motion and the subsequent effects on the trace gases and aerosols in the atmosphere that ultimately impact climate.»

However, he says, «Aerosol effects on climate are one of the main uncertainties in climate models.

Together with colleagues from Berlin and Geneva, climate researchers from Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) have been investigating the interactions of laser light and ice clouds using the unique AIDA aerosol and cloud chamber on KIT's Campus North.

«Scientists have talked about Arctic melting and albedo decrease for nearly 50 years,» said Ramanathan, a distinguished professor of climate and atmospheric sciences at Scripps who has previously conducted similar research on the global dimming effects of aerosols.

ARO scientists monitor a range of atmospheric phenomena, from the influence of gases and aerosols on Earth's climate to the impact of pollutants in the atmosphere.

Another massive undertaking, the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX), meanwhile, was specifically designed to see if climate forcing on the part of aerosol particles could be directly measured.

In the tug of war, aerosols don't necessarily counter the impacts of climate change on sea ice (or the planet as a whole for that matter).

But there are a lot of lingering questions, says Stevens, who also was a lead author on the «Clouds and Aerosols» chapter of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Fifth Assessment Report.

What's more, according to Tim Bates of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), «there's a very wide range of sizes [for aerosol particles], and the effect that the particle is going to have on climate is going to be very dependent on its size, which makes it trickier.»

Moving the chemical complexity of the ocean to the laboratory represented a major advance that will enable many new studies to be performed,» said Kimberly Prather, Distinguished Chair in Atmospheric Chemistry at the University of California, San Diego and director of the Center for Aerosol Impacts on Climate and the Environment, who led the team of more than 30 scientists involved in this project.

The latter type of sensors, Robock notes, could directly measure the size distribution of aerosols, which could help researchers better model their effects on climate.

Aerosols in the tropopause also complicate climate projections; they are not taken into account in the latest assessment released in 2013 by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, says Yu Gu, a climate scientist at the University of California, Los Aclimate projections; they are not taken into account in the latest assessment released in 2013 by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, says Yu Gu, a climate scientist at the University of California, Los AClimate Change, says Yu Gu, a climate scientist at the University of California, Los Aclimate scientist at the University of California, Los Angeles.

Aerosols from the production of heavy oil is a growing climate and pollution concern because new tar sands developments are on the drawing board in Venezuela, Utah and elsewhere, the study says.

This simple analysis shows that the «2 degree target» of «dangerous anthropogenic interference» is looming on the horizon, as the climate equilibrates and aerosol pollution is cleaned up.

Indeed the estimate of aerosol forcing used in the calculation of transient climate response (TCR) in the paper does not come directly from climate models, but instead incorporates an adjustment to those models so that the forcing better matches the assessed estimates from the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change climate response (TCR) in the paper does not come directly from climate models, but instead incorporates an adjustment to those models so that the forcing better matches the assessed estimates from the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change climate models, but instead incorporates an adjustment to those models so that the forcing better matches the assessed estimates from the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Climate Change (IPCC).

Therefore studies based on observed warming have underestimated climate sensitivity as they did not account for the greater response to aerosol forcing, and multiple lines of evidence are now consistent in showing that climate sensitivity is in fact very unlikely to be at the low end of the range in recent estimates.

Of the other strand, aerosol cooling, Rasool and Schneider, Science, July 1971, p 138, «Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Aerosols: Effects of Large Increases on Global Climate» is the best exemplaOf the other strand, aerosol cooling, Rasool and Schneider, Science, July 1971, p 138, «Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Aerosols: Effects of Large Increases on Global Climate» is the best exemplaof Large Increases on Global Climate» is the best exemplar.

Now if this was the 1980s they might have had a point, but the fact that aerosols are an important climate forcing, have a net cooling effect on climate and, in part, arise from the same industrial activities that produce greenhouse gases, has been part of mainstream science for 30 years.

The multi-scale aerosol - climate model, an extension of a multi-scale modeling framework, examined specific aerosol - cloud interactions and their effects on the Earth's energy budget, one of the toughest climate forecasting problems.

Sally, who was nominated by Dr. Beat Schmid, Associate Director, Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, was honored for her exceptional contribution in the field of atmospheric science, particularly in her efforts to improve understanding of the radiative effect of clouds and aerosols on the Earth's atmosphere and their representation in climate models.

However, to make climate models more accurate, we are focused on developing a better understanding of the dynamics of organic aerosols formed from plant - based organic vapors and their interaction with aerosols emitted from human activities,» said Dr. Chen Song, a PNNL atmospheric scientist.

Fascinatingly, the book from the mid-70s said that there was one climate scientist — Wally Broecker - who predicted that the greenhouse warming was on the verge of overtaking the aerosol cooling effects and that by the year 2000 the planet would be warmer than it had been in 1000 years.

These programs focus on climate, aerosol and cloud physics; global and regional scale modeling; integrated assessment of global change; and complex regional meteorology and chemistry.

He is particularly interested in the role of aerosols and clouds in the atmosphere, and has worked on the processes that describe these components of the atmosphere, the computational details that are needed to describe them in computer models, and on their impact on climate.

PNNL is using an integrative research approach that draws on our depth and breadth of capabilities in atmospheric chemistry, climate physics, modeling, and measurement to address critical scientific questions related to the role of aerosols in the climate system.

He is a co-chair of the U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Systems Research Cloud - Aerosol - Precipitation Interactions Working Group, co-chair of the CESM Climate - Chemistry Working Group, and served 6 years on the Scientific Steering Committee for the Community Earth System Model.

Vision PNNL will take a leadership role in the incorporation of aerosols into climate models, through integrative research on atmospheric aerosol interactions and through development of innovative instrumentation and measurement techniques.

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) considers that the increase in aerosols and clouds since pre-industrial times represents one of the largest sources of uncertainty in climate cClimate Change (IPCC) considers that the increase in aerosols and clouds since pre-industrial times represents one of the largest sources of uncertainty in climate cclimate change5.

«If we pursue the same path we are on today, we will eventually arrive at a better understanding of the science, but it will be too late,» said Dr. Jerome Fast, a scientist with PNNL's Aerosol Climate Initiative.

Most of the non-model estimates of climate sensitivity are based on the analyses using other forcings such as solar and aerosols, and the assumption that sensitivity to CO2 will be the same, despite the differences in way these forcings couple to the climate system.

These changes made China a unique region to investigate the impact of aerosols on regional climate and the hydrological cycle.

The top priorities should be reducing uncertainties in climate sensitivity, getting a better understanding of the effect of climate change on atmospheric circulation (critical for understanding of regional climate change, changes in extremes) and reducing uncertainties in radiative forcing — particularly those associated with aerosols.

Proposed campaigns should focus on research that addresses the ARM mission of improving the understanding and representation of clouds and aerosols in climate and earth system models, as well as their interactions and coupling with Earth's surface.