Kierkegaard lacked a social ethical doctrine
of agape which is no less concerned to break through to the neighbour, but is less naive about how social orders corrupt human relationships.
We must say, then, that there is nothing in the idea
of agape which excludes the element of human desire for the good.
In this tradition God has been thought of as creating out
of agape which he has for his creatures.
The superpatient individual may become inwardly festered with an interior malice which Gregory can only call «the mother of vices,» because it is so much the opposite
of that agape which is the root of all behavioral excellences.
Not exact matches
These definitions, and Rand's discussion
of them, are immensely pertinent to understanding Christian
agape as more than simply doing what has to be done in order to get to heaven,
which is still the view
of many Christians.
Sensitive readers are advised not to look too closely at what the couple in the foreground
of one photograph are doing to celebrate the «yearly moment
of release at the
Agape Restaurant»,
which is apparently a secular version
of Easter High Mass at Westminster Cathedral.
Today's definition
of tolerance is NOT the same thing as true,
agape love;
which is not afraid to speak the truth with grace.
The loves
which are linked with sexuality seem to be the extreme case
of the ambiguity in human loves when they are judged in the light
of agape.
Agape bids us seek justice here, not the stale justice
of combat and compromise, but the justice
of a search for a new economic, political, and ecclesiastical order in
which sexuality can be fulfilling for each in a life
which is a support and not a barrier to the love
which binds all together.
The
agape which redeems and reconciles does one
of its greatest works in the infusing
of the sexual life with the spirit
of humility and charity.
Nothing «turns into»
agape, but love experienced in depth within the context
of faith in God's
agape becomes an occasion for gratitude, humility and the celebration
which expresses the life
of God's people in his world.
The entire passage reads, «In spite
of the many kinds
of love,
which in Greek are designated as philia (friendship), eros (aspiration toward value), and epithymia (desire), in addition to
agape,
which is the creation
of the Spirit, there is one point
of identity in all these qualities
of love,
which justifies the translation
of them all by «love»; and that identity is the «urge toward the reunion
of the separated,»
which is the inner dynamics
of life.
Or as Tillich has it, «The appetitus
of every being to fulfil itself through union with other beings is universal...» (32)
Agape, the love that gives with no thought
of return; eros, the love that finds the beloved valuable, and philia, the love that shares and works for the vision
of the good - none
of these can be reduced to sexual desire, but all
of them in different ways attest to the oneness
of love, so evident in sexual union, as «that
which drives everything that is towards everything else that is.»
He rang the changes on sin more eloquently than anyone
of our time, but that dissection, set forth with particularly telling power in the first volume
of his Gifford Lectures, was followed by a second volume in
which his acknowledgment
of the power
of the gospel as grace made it possible for him to speak
of «the
agape of the Kingdom
of God [as] a resource for the infinite development towards a more perfect brotherhood in history» (The Nature and Destiny
of Man, II [Scribner's, 1943], p. 85)
xii - xiv),
which results in giving a relatively low place to abnormal phenomena, and exalting moral and intellectual endowments, and, above all,
agape, love or charity, to the highest places, is a genuinely scientific estimate
of the situation as it was from the beginning.
Unquestionably, the pietism
which both Luther and Calvin resisted, tended to reinforce an individualistic view
of salvation in spite
of the fact that pietistic mysticism usually stressed experience
of the Holy Spirit in the
agape - love
which binds the community
of the faithful together.
I have already mentioned the proposal
of the Freudian, Herbert Marcuse, for a panerotic philosophy
of life in
which eros,
agape, and thanatos (death) will all be integrated in the one self - expression
of the human spirit.
What I mean is this: In every person there is something
which claims my concern, reverence, personal involvement and acknowledgment
of value — my «
agape.»
One way in
which he limits his insight can be seen in his conception
of the connection between discord and
agape.
First, further development
of the proposal that
agape functions in evolution, and specifically in finite creative processes, would provide a general framework within
which distinctively creative processes can be related to other processes.
Thus, paradoxically, in offering itself, it generates the excellence
which, out
of agape, it gives to its creature.
The feature
of evolution
which points toward the need for
agape is creative growth, that is, the presence
of spontaneity and the introduction
of unpredictable, intelligible novelty into the process
of evolution.
It should be pointed out here that Peirce's view
of the circularity
of cosmic
agape is consistent with the overarching thesis
of synechism
which embraces agapasticism.
Agape is not the power to overcome dependence; it is the power to overflow in interdependence toward an other
which is not something to be identified with but
which may be dependent and in need
of the love that overflows.
In those instances in
which spontaneity leads to valuable novelty — that is, in those cases in
which the subject is transformed and the final perfection is not given prior to the act
of creation —
agape must operate.
In his analysis, he found in Whitehead a concept
of divine love
which lies in contrast to New Testament
agape and medieval amicitia and
which identifies with Platonic eros.
However, in proposing that
agape is the principle
of creativity, Peirce attempted to show that specific instances
of spontaneity can be the responsibility
of an operative principle,
agape,
which specifically functions creatively.
It is particularly instructive to turn from Nygren's work to that
of Reinhold Niebuhr, for the latter is a theologian who sees the truth for
which Nygren is contending and yet who insists that there is a way
of bringing
agape into a positive relation to the human struggle for the ideals
of justice and brotherhood.
Brunner's commitment to the doctrine that
agape can exist only in the relationship
of «I and Thou» in
which all impersonal elements are eliminated is based upon an erroneous conception
of human nature.
There is another, more immediately applicable way in
which the notion
of agape introduced here is preferable to the use
of the notion
of eros in accounting for creativity.
The Christian motif is that
of salvation through love, but this is the love
which is named
agape in the New Testament.
He assumes that when I defend the interests
of others my act can conform to
agape in a sense
which is impossible if I defend myself.
Our question concerning Professor Nygren's work does not involve any rejection
of the idea that in
agape Christianity has a conception
of God's love
which does transcend other religious motifs.
We said that in principle the good
which agape seeks must include the good
of the self, for the Kingdom
of God does not exclude any good, even my own.
It was Bernard
of Clairvaux who said that God would draw the believer toward Himself away from mere (physical) erotic love,
which human beings know, to
agape,
which is only found in Him.
In John 21:15 - 17, in the greek the word, «
agape» love is highlighted, and in contrast to phileo,
which in and
of itself could not get the mission accomplished,
which was to «Feed My sheep.»
But we may yet regard humanitarianism as a form
of human love
which, though it can not be identified with
agape, reflects human values
which agape incorporates and fulfils It is true that the Bible does not speak
of a general fraternity
of humanity
which we recognize just because we are human.
The Church is not the only group in
which man is moved by
agape and seeks its leading; but it is the one community
which in accepting
agape as the meaning
of its existence places itself squarely under the judgment
of the love
which seeks one redeemed humanity in the Kingdom
of God.
He makes clear that the incredible rationalizations and justifications
of anti-Semitism
which have been offered have been perversions
of the very
agape which Christ incarnates:
The foreword
of the present book includes a 1965 letter from Ramsey to Fletcher: «[T] he candid issue between us is whether
agape is expressed in acts only or in rules also,
which question is generally begged; or else the structures in
which human beings live are attributed to other than uniquely Christian sources
of understanding (natural law, etc.) while Christians go about pretending to live in a world without principles.
In this clash
of group loyalties the search for an ethical way
which expresses
agape has often taken either the way
of humanitarianism or the way
of protest.
No serious participant in the ecumenical movement can mistake the judging and purging power
of agape as it moves within the centuries - old forms and symbols
which have guided Christian devotion and have become infused with the very human loves
of the familiar and the satisfying.22
Thus the moral life receives from
agape that
which is essential to its integrity, the transcendant dimension in
which the limits
of our ethical justification can be confessed without our falling into nihilism and despair.
Agape is the affirmation
of life, the forgiveness
of sin, the spirit in
which the self can give itself away and yet be fulfilled.
’18 It is not only self - abnegation but also fulfilment
which the outgoing love
of agape offers to love as affection, and affection may be the first school
of agape.
(
which is the same meaning
of self - esteem only redirected) It is to show
agape love, don't do anything that would make a weaker brother stumble, be mindful if they are
of weaker faith.
It is not that we discover the meaning
of agape by going into the depths
of the self; but that we discover in the depths
of the self a hunger born
of the self's own loves
which only
agape can satisfy.
But the sacrifice
of self in the love
which is
agape challenges every claim but one.
We may never be able to point to an act
of self - sacrifice as the decisive moment in
which the self is controlled by
agape.
It was like that OT commandment
of loving the Lord your God and to love thy neighbor (
which both used
agape and not phillia) was a loaded commandment!