Sentences with phrase «of airway cell»

«Limber lungs: One type of airway cell can regenerate another lung cell type.»

Initial tests on mice showed the hybrid virus was very efficient: the gene it carried was active in 24 per cent of airway cells after two months, a far better proportion than achieved by other delivery methods (New Scientist, 10 March 2001, p 19).

Not exact matches

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«Our study suggests that epigenetic changes to cells treated with cigarette smoke sensitize airway cells to genetic mutations known to cause lung cancers,» says Stephen Baylin, M.D., the Virginia and D.K. Ludwig Professor for Cancer Research and professor of oncology at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center.

Scientists at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center say they have preliminary evidence in laboratory - grown, human airway cells that a condensed form of cigarette smoke triggers so - called «epigenetic» changes in the cells consistent with the earliest steps toward lung cancer development.

To create the effect of tobacco smoke on cells, Vaz, Baylin and their colleagues began their studies with human bronchial cells, which line the airways of the lungs, and grew them in a laboratory.

«We looked microscopically at the lung tissue of horses that died during or just after races, and quantified the inflammatory cells within their airways,» said Prof. Luis Arroyo, Department of Clinical Studies.

Until now, there was no knowledge about a potential correlation between the classification of the inflammatory cells in the airways and the lung tissues.»

The unaltered hemagglutinin is akin to a key that unlocks a so - called receptor molecule in cells lining the upper airways of humans and other mammals.

The experiments indicated that when dectin - 1 recognizes tropomyosin in house dust mites, shrimp or other common allergy - triggering species it suppresses airway cells» production of an immune molecule, IL - 33, which otherwise would promote an allergic response by immune cells.

Now, scientists from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania reveal that the release of AMPs is partially controlled by bitter taste receptors in the upper airway on a cell previously identified in animals and only recently in humans known as solitary chemosensory cells (SCCs).

The artificial system is used to observe the effects of air pollutants on cells in the upper airway.

[Chinedu Nwokoro et al., «Inhaled black carbon in the lower airways of London cyclists»] Researchers at the London School of Medicine collected sputum samples from healthy non-smokers who walk or bike to see how much black carbon was in airway macrophages — a type of white blood cell that takes in foreign material.

Cells in the airways have mobile cilia which sweep mucus and dirt out of the lungs, but almost every cell in the body has a primary (sensory) cilium.

«In our human airway epithelial model system, one of the drugs destabilizes and deactivates the protein that the other drug tries to correct,» said Martina Gentzsch, PhD, an assistant professor of cell biology and physiology and senior author of the UNC Science Translational Medicine paper.

More realistic would have been to compare samples of cells taken from the airways of people who use either e-cigarettes or real cigarettes, says Britton.

Top series: Images show the elongated shape of cells transforming into a ball shape before they shed from the lining of the airway to cause obstruction, a key reason why RSV leads to bronchiolitis.

McCauley, looking at the earliest stages of the disease, wanted to take Hawkins» purified lung cells to the next step and figure out how they became airway cells.

They found that infection of the narrowest airways of the lung by PIV3 alone caused moderate levels of inflammation, but after infection by PIV3 expressing RSV NS2, the epithelial cells lining the narrow airways were shed rapidly into the airway lumen.

While the PIV - infected epithelial cells retained their natural elongated, columnar shape, the same cells infected with RSV balled up and puffed out of the airway epithelium, causing the infected cells to accumulate in the lumen of the airway.

But working with human smooth muscle cells isolated and grown from the healthy parts of airway tissue surrounding excised tumors, Benjamin Kalbe and his colleagues applied a large number of odor molecules and watched two of them activate the muscle cells.

To investigate the relationship between temperature and immune response, Iwasaki and an interdisciplinary team of Yale researchers spearheaded by Ellen Foxman, a postdoctoral fellow in Iwasaki's lab, examined the cells taken from the airways of mice.

«We compared the ability of RSV and parainfluenza virus (PIV3)-- another common virus in children that causes much less severe airway disease — to infect and cause inflammatory responses in a cell culture model of human epithelial cells, which compose the lining of the lung airway.

Pickles added that suppressing the effects of the RSV NS2 protein may also allow our immune system more time to deal with the RSV infection before the small airways become clogged with cells shedding from the lining of the airway.

MERS CoV (CoV stands for coronavirus) has on its surface an array of spike - shaped proteins that bind to host cells — specifically to receptor proteins called DPP4 on the surface of cells that line human airways.

When Liesman infected human airway cells in the lab with this re-engineered virus, she saw infected cells ball up and puff out of the airway epithelium.

Thwarting this shedding effect wouldn't stop infection or stifle the typical symptoms of RSV infection, but it might limit the virus's ability to spread into the tiniest airways, which are the most likely to be obstructed by cells shed during infection.

Two U.K. clinical trials of stem cell — based airway transplants are in limbo.

a) The Eye in your Thigh: a patch of skin cells on the leg that can distinguish between bright and dark conditions, perhaps to help regulate the body clock b) The Ear in your Rear: nerves in the buttocks attuned to infrasound vibrations of between 10 and 25 hertz, perhaps to warn of approaching predators or thunderstorms c) The Nose in your Toes: scent - detecting sebaceous glands on the feet whose purpose is unclear d) The Tongue in your Lung: taste - bud - like receptors that detect bitter substances and dilate or restrict the airways accordingly

In mice with asthma, AIP - 2 suppresses airway inflammation, Navarro and her colleagues report, and the protein also appears to damp down the proliferation of some immune cells in the blood of people with allergies.

Some of the IgE - related genes were known to encode proteins produced by eosinophils, a type of white blood cell that promotes inflammation in asthma sufferers» airways.

IFITM3 is an anti-viral protein that helps to block flu infection of lung cells and to promote survival of the killer T cells that help clear flu infection in the airways.

Researchers also found more killer T cells — which help patients fight the infection — in the upper airways of flu patients with the protective variant compared to other patients.

The Memphis flu patients also had fewer of the killer T cells in their upper airways.

Their test includes three types of human cells that are typically in a person's airway.

The team started with decellularized adult rat lungs, which retain the organs» branching airways and blood vessel network, and added a mixture of lung cells from newborn rats.

Stem cells that were engineered to have higher amounts of Miro1 were able to transfer mitochondria more efficiently and were therapeutically more effective when tested in mouse models of airway injury and asthma, compared to untreated cells.

The deposited particle mass from 10 to 350 nanograms (a billionth of a gram) per square centimeter of cell surface corresponds to an airway daily dose of slightly polluted, rural air with 20 micrograms (a millionth of a gram) PM per cubic meter of air through to very high air pollution in a megacity (1000 micrograms PM per cubic meter of air).

Physical separation of the two proteins is an «easy - to - conceptualize mechanism by which airway epithelial cells are poised to heal themselves the moment they are injured.»

But airway epithelial cells contain both molecules at all times, so researchers wondered what keeps healthy tissues from growing out of control.

The outer surface of many of our cells, including those in the airways, has a protein called the H1 receptor.

Researchers observed that the immune cells, called CD4 T - cells, in the airways of severe asthmatics secreted different inflammatory proteins than those in mild disease, particularly interferon gamma.

But Luis Ulloa of Rutgers New Jersey Medical School and his colleagues have been working on a new drug, called TSG12, that targets the smooth muscle cells that line our airways.

Encouraged by the study results, the team suggests that it may now be technologically possible to screen for cancer by checking expression levels of bronchial airway cell genes.

Human flu strains can infect both kinds of cells, but avian flu strains can bind to and infect only the ciliated kind, which are similar to cells in the airway and the gut of birds.

According to Earl Brown, professor of medicine at the University of Ottawa, the more limited ability of the avian flu virus to infect cells in the human airway thus also appears to be associated with infection of the deep areas of the lung where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.

The research team then tested RMC - 1 in cultured human airway epithelial cells and mouse models of asthma (via injection into the animals» peritoneal cavities).

Exposure to Alternaria produced more cell damage in the cells of the airway's lining.

Ripping a page from the Star Trek script, specialized cells of the barrier that lines the inside of the intestines and airways of humans have invoked a biological version of Captain Kirk's famous command «shields up» as a first defense against invading microbes.

The human airway is lined with two kinds of epithelial cells — those that possess hairlike fringes called cilia and those that don't.