Kerry uses the boost to raise the number
of allowance auctions, simplify the allocation process, reduce the number of offsets, and implement tighter restrictions on carbon trading and offsets.
What might be characterized as a populist approach would be a cap - and - trade system with 100 %
of the allowances auctioned and the auction revenue returned directly «to the people.»
Not exact matches
The state would raise the $ 30 million from the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority's (NYSERDA)
auctioning of carbon dioxide emission
allowances.
The state experienced a sharp decline in demand for
allowances in its last
auction, selling 10 percent
of available
allowances.
President Obama's initial plan for a «100 percent
auction»
of emissions
allowances would correct many
of those deficiencies.
The EPA's
auctions, which involved only a few per cent
of the
allowances, were meant to help stimulate trading by setting a market price for the
allowances.
In two
auctions, the agency
auctioned off 150 000 «
allowances», each permitting its holder to release 1 tonne
of sulphur dioxide into the air.
Regular
auctions to sell the right to pollute, or
allowances, have netted nearly $ 676 million for the states and emissions have dropped to roughly 120 million metric tons
of CO2 — 34 percent below the cap for 2009, according to a report from Environment Northeast.
A state analysis last summer said that cap and trade would increase pump prices 10 to 12 cents per gallon, based on the current
auction allowance price
of $ 12 per carbon ton.
«(A) such international offset credits will be used to fill bid orders only after the supply
of strategic reserve
allowances available for sale at that
auction has been depleted;
$ 8 billion) over first ten years for deficit reductionObeys PAYGO; Starting in 2026, 25 %
of auction revenues for deficit reductionFuels and TransportationIncrease biofuels to 60 million gallons by 2030, low - carbon fuel standard
of 10 % by 2010, 1 million plug» in hybrid cars by 2025, raise fuel economy standards, smart growth funding, end oil subsidies, promote natural gas drilling, enhanced oil recoverySmart growth funding, plug - in hybrids, raise fuel economy standards $ 7 billion a year for smart growth funding, plug - in hybrids, natural gas vehicles, raise fuel economy standards; offshore drilling with revenue sharing and oil spill veto, natural gas fracking disclosureCost ContainmentInternational offsetsOffset pool, banking and borrowing flexibility, soft price collar using permit reserve
auction at $ 28 per ton going to 60 % above three - year - average market price» Hard» price collar between $ 12 and $ 25 per ton, floor increases at 3 % + CPI, ceiling at 5 % + CPI, plus permit reserve
auction, offsets like W - MClean Air Act And StatesNot discussedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons
of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade suspended until 2017, EPA to set stationary source performance standards in 2016, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons
of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade pre-empted, establishes coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree
allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff on importsCarbon tariff on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts
of American Power Act, 5/11/10.
-- For calendar year 2017 and each year thereafter, the annual limit on the number
of emission
allowances from the strategic reserve account that may be
auctioned is an amount equal to 10 percent
of the emission
allowances established for that calendar year under section 721 (a).
-- Except as provided in paragraph (2) or (3), the annual number
of emission
allowances that a covered entity may purchase at the strategic reserve
auctions in each calendar year shall not exceed 20 percent
of the covered entity's combined greenhouse gas emissions and attributable greenhouse gas emissions during the most recent year for which
allowances or offset credits were retired under section 722.
-- When the Administrator acts under this subsection as the agent
of an entity in possession
of international offset credits, the Administrator is not obligated to obtain the highest price possible for the international offset credits, and instead shall
auction such international offset credits in the same manner and pursuant to the same rules (except as modified in paragraph (1)-RRB- as set forth for
auctioning strategic reserve
allowances.
-- For each
of calendar years 2012 through 2016, the annual limit on the number
of emission
allowances from the strategic reserve account that may be
auctioned is an amount equal to 5 percent
of the emission
allowances established for that calendar year under section 721 (a).
(1)
auctioning of specified percentages
of the available emissions
allowances each year by the federal government and designating the revenue for particular adaptation programs; and
2) Undermining
of the European Emissions Trading Scheme by introducing too generous
allowances and giving
allowances away rather than
auctioning them.
The
auction part isn't to see who wants the right to pollute more next year — nearly all
of the pollution
allowances in the program for 2013 have already been given to utilities and industry in the state — rather the
auction is to determine what price the market will bear for the carbon.
Because
of a surplus
of allowances obtained via
auction during the initial years
of RGGI, the value
of these
allowances remained close to the program's price floor
of $ 1.93 / ton
of CO2 allowed in each quarterly
auction.
The value
of allowances increased slightly to $ 3.00 / ton
of CO2 in the latest
auction, with market participants possibly anticipating a rise in the future value
of allowances.
The fairness
of the system has been substantially increased by the move towards EU - wide free allocation rules for industrial installations and by the introduction
of a redistribution mechanism that entitles new Member States to
auction more
allowances.
The New York investments from the RGGI
allowance auction revenues are expected to only reduce emissions 89,531 tons at an average investment rate
of $ 81.5 million.
The main difference as compared to the proposal is that
auctioning of allowances will be phased in more slowly.
In the case
of the China, seven pilot CO2 cap - and - trade regimes at the local level are under development, while in the United States, California's ambitious AB - 32 cap - and - trade system continues to make progress, and in the northeast, the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) is witnessing higher
allowance auction prices due to the more severe targets the RGGI states recently adopted.
Auctioning 100 %
of allowances is also the main recommendation in Open Europe's white paper, «Europe's Dirty Secret: Why the EU ETS Isn't Working», for improving the working
of the EU's cap - and - trade scheme, although Open Europe concludes that cap - and - trade is fundamentally flawed in ways that can't be fixed.
A total
of 88 %
of allowances to be
auctioned by each Member State is distributed on the basis
of the Member State's share
of historic emissions under the EU ETS.
If it is found that the price evolution does not correspond to market fundamentals, the Commission may either allow Member States to bring forward the
auctioning of a part
of the quantity to be
auctioned, or allow them to
auction up to 25 %
of the remaining
allowances in the new entrant reserve.
The CCR
allowances would be made available immediately in any
auction in which demand for
allowances at prices above the CCR trigger price exceeds the supply
of allowances offered for sale in that
auction prior to the addition
of any CCR
allowances.
For example, using part
of the proceeds from
auctioning allowances in the EU ETS could generate additional means to invest in LULUCF activities both inside and outside the EU, and may provide a model for future expansion.
It is estimated that at least half
of the available
allowances as
of 2013 will be
auctioned.
All
allowances which are not allocated free
of charge will be
auctioned.
It is still the case that 10 %
of the rights to
auction allowances will be redistributed from Member States with high per capita income to those with low per capita income in order to strengthen the financial capacity
of the latter to invest in climate friendly technologies.
While the great majority
of allowances has been allocated free
of charge to installations in the first and second trading periods, the Commission proposed that
auctioning of allowances should become the basic principle for allocation.
Taking into account their ability to pass on the increased cost
of emission
allowances, full
auctioning is the rule from 2013 onwards for electricity generators.
Auctioning 100 %
of carbon
allowances would eliminate some
of the biggest opportunities for gaming the system, corruption, and misusing political influence to gain special favors.
The basic premise
of cap and trade is that each year a certain amount
of allowances, or permits to pollute, are made available by a mix
of free allocation and quarterly
auctions.
RGGI (2009), States Release Results
of Third
Auction for RGGI CO2
Allowances, Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative.
Subtitle B: Disposition
of Allowances -(Sec. 321) Amends the CAA to set forth provisions governing the disposition of emission allowances, including specifying allocations: (1) for supplemental emissions reductions from reduced deforestation; (2) for the benefit of electricity, natural gas, and / or home heating oil and propane consumers; (3) for auction, with proceeds for the benefit of low income consumers and worker investment; (4) to energy - intensive, trade - exposed industries; (5) for the deployment of carbon capture and sequestration technology; (6) to invest in energy efficiency and renewable energy; (7) to be distributed to Energy Innovation Hubs and advanced energy research; (8) to invest in the development and deployment of clean vehicles; (9) to domestic petroleum refineries and small business refiners; (10) for domestic and international adaptation; (11) for domestic wildlife and natural resource adaptation; and (12) for international clean technology d
Allowances -(Sec. 321) Amends the CAA to set forth provisions governing the disposition
of emission
allowances, including specifying allocations: (1) for supplemental emissions reductions from reduced deforestation; (2) for the benefit of electricity, natural gas, and / or home heating oil and propane consumers; (3) for auction, with proceeds for the benefit of low income consumers and worker investment; (4) to energy - intensive, trade - exposed industries; (5) for the deployment of carbon capture and sequestration technology; (6) to invest in energy efficiency and renewable energy; (7) to be distributed to Energy Innovation Hubs and advanced energy research; (8) to invest in the development and deployment of clean vehicles; (9) to domestic petroleum refineries and small business refiners; (10) for domestic and international adaptation; (11) for domestic wildlife and natural resource adaptation; and (12) for international clean technology d
allowances, including specifying allocations: (1) for supplemental emissions reductions from reduced deforestation; (2) for the benefit
of electricity, natural gas, and / or home heating oil and propane consumers; (3) for
auction, with proceeds for the benefit
of low income consumers and worker investment; (4) to energy - intensive, trade - exposed industries; (5) for the deployment
of carbon capture and sequestration technology; (6) to invest in energy efficiency and renewable energy; (7) to be distributed to Energy Innovation Hubs and advanced energy research; (8) to invest in the development and deployment
of clean vehicles; (9) to domestic petroleum refineries and small business refiners; (10) for domestic and international adaptation; (11) for domestic wildlife and natural resource adaptation; and (12) for international clean technology deployment.
Requires the EPA Administrator to: (1) establish a strategic reserve account
of a specified amount
of emission
allowances; (2)
auction strategic reserve
allowances quarterly.
Requires the EPA Administrator to issue regulations setting aside a specified number
of allowances that small business refiners may purchase at the average
auction price.
EPA is seeking comment on whether the model rule and proposed federal plan should include
auctioning of some or all
allowances, rather than free allocation, despite these requirements.)
Provides for: (1) the distribution,
auction, banking, exchange, and international transfer
of such
allowances; and (2) the issuance
of offset credits for the destruction
of CFCs.
Requires the Comptroller General to report to Congress on the results
of a review
of programs administered by the federal government that distribute emission
allowances or funds from any federal
auction of allowances.
Requires: (1) one - fourth
of each year's annual strategic reserve
auction limit to be made available for action in each quarter; and (2) unsold
allowances to be returned to the reserve.
Requires
auctions to have a minimum reserve price, which in: (1) 2012 will be $ 28 per
allowance; (2) 2013 and 2014 will be the minimum strategic reserve
auction price for the previous year increased by 5 % plus the rate
of inflation; and (3) 2015 and thereafter will be 60 % above a rolling 36 - month average
of the daily closing price for that year's emission
allowance vintage as reported on registered carbon trading facilities.
Establishes limits on the number
of emission
allowances from the strategic reserve account that may be
auctioned for 2012 - 2016 and for 2017 and thereafter.
Emissions from power plants in New York State are down approximately 45 percent since 2005, and
auction proceeds from sale
of the RGGI
allowances have reduced electricity expenditures and created thousands
of green energy sector jobs.
And one third
of those reductions — those generated by
auctioning off five percent
of the bill's
allowances and dedicating those funds to establishing a conservation infrastructure, among other purposes — come in addition to the bill's pollution cap.
-- The Administrator shall deposit all proceeds from the
auction and non-
auction sale
of allowances under this section into the Stratospheric Ozone and Climate Protection Fund.
-- For each vintage year starting in 2012, the Administrator shall
auction, pursuant to section 791, 15 percent
of the emission
allowances established for each year under section 721 (a), with the proceeds used for the benefit
of low income consumers to fund the program set forth in subtitle C
of title IV
of American Clean Energy and Security Act
of 2009 and the amendments made thereby.