http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2716748/ When I did a high carb low fat diet, my fasting blood sugar kept rising, and when you consider that some people who have fewer copies
of amylase genes, may actually do better on a high fat low carb diet.
Both the hunter - gatherers as well as the early farmers displayed high copy numbers
of amylase genes in their genomes, suggesting that both populations had already adapted to a starch - rich diet.
These findings demonstrate recurrent involvement
of the amylase gene region in genomic instability, involving at least five independent rearrangements of the pancreatic amylase genes (AMY2A and AMY2B).
That brings it back to genetics perhaps and the evolution
of the amylase gene.
I agree it's significant that dogs have between four and 30 copies
of the amylase gene, and this wide range would indicate that some dogs are much less able to handle starch than others.
Not exact matches
While chimps have only two copies
of the salivary
amylase gene (one on each
of the relevant chromosome pair), humans have an average
of six, with some people having as many as 15 (Nature Genetics, vol 39, p 1256).
Eating meat may have kick - started the evolution
of bigger brains, but cooked starchy foods together with more salivary
amylase genes made us smarter still.
In a new study published in The Quarterly Review
of Biology, Dr. Karen Hardy and her team bring together archaeological, anthropological, genetic, physiological and anatomical data to argue that carbohydrate consumption, particularly in the form
of starch, was critical for the accelerated expansion
of the human brain over the last million years, and coevolved both with copy number variation
of the salivary
amylase genes and controlled fire use for cooking.
Evidence for multiple copies
of the salivary
amylase gene in high starch eating Asians, and a
gene variant that is important for breaking down fats in plant foods in Europeans and Middle Easterners may reflect an adaption to agriculture (Hancock et al, 2010).
Some scientific problems with modern paleo movement include: 1) dogmatic insistence on the Raymond Dart model
of «man the hunter», which has been contested and supplanted in paleoanthropology for decades; 2) ignorance about the speed
of evolutionary adaptation, for example our very recent acquisition
of lactase persistence and high
amylase gene number; 3) focus on the diets
of 80 - 10,000 years ago, dismissing the 40 million years when our lineage were predominantly herbivorous forest dwellers.
He also mentions genetic studies that claim that humans have more copies
of the
genes for
amylase than other great apes strongly suggesting that humans are designed to digest starch.
Your approach is also consistent with our design as «hind gut fermenting» herbivores with the modifications from our great ape relatives
of more
amylase genes (to digest starch) and more volume in our small intestine to absorb starch.
People think our very early ancestors were carnivores, but the work
of Perry & Dominy on the
amylase gene suggests otherwise.
The researchers first found that dogs had between four and 30 copies
of a
gene that codes for
amylase while wolves had only two copies.
Dogs had four to 30 copies
of the
gene for
amylase, a protein that starts the breakdown
of starch in the intestine.