«Our study shows that both higher levels of HDL — good — and lower levels of LDL — bad — cholesterol in the bloodstream are associated with lower levels
of amyloid plaque deposits in the brain,» said Bruce Reed, lead study author and associate director of the UC Davis Alzheimer's Disease Center.
Not exact matches
Previously, researchers have focused on the role
of protein
deposits called
amyloid plaques that lodge in the brain
of Alzheimer's affected people.
More than 40 illnesses known as
amyloid diseases — Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and rheumatoid arthritis are a few — are linked to the buildup
of proteins after they have transformed from their normally folded, biologically active forms to abnormally folded, grouped
deposits called fibrils or
plaques.
One look at an image
of an Alzheimer's afflicted brain is unflinching testimony to the disease's cruelty: It destroys
of up to 30 percent
of a brain's mass, carving out ravines and
depositing piles
of molecular junk, most visibly
amyloid plaque.
Studies in mice specially bred to have features
of the disease found that DHA reduces beta -
amyloid plaques, abnormal protein
deposits in the brain that are a hallmark
of Alzheimer's, although a clinical trial
of DHA showed no impact on people with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease.
Whether this strategy will stop Alzheimer's disease in its tracks is a big if, however, because there's still a debate over whether the b -
amyloid deposited in
plaques causes the brain damage seen in Alzheimer's disease, or instead is a symptom
of some other underlying factor.
While approximately 80 percent
of Alzheimer's disease patients also have cerebral
amyloid angiopathy, or
amyloid beta
deposits in the brain's blood vessels that increase the risk for stroke and dementia, the predominant
amyloid beta pathology is
plaques.
Immunotherapy is a promising strategy for the treatment
of Alzheimer's that uses antibodies to stimulate the immune system to remove pieces
of a protein called
amyloid beta which accumulates in the brain (in
deposits known as
plaques) and is thought to be a major factor driving Alzheimer's neurodegenerative effects.
«The activity
of the microglia is stimulated by dying brain cells, not by the
deposits of amyloid proteins, called
plaques, which also occur in Alzheimer's disease,» Haass notes.
The results were remarkably positive, with the reduction in BACE1 activity not only stalling the development
of amyloid plaques in the mice, but actually removing the
deposits that had already formed.
Measuring tau
deposits using the novel radiotracer 18F - AV - 1451 (18F - T807), in conjunction with 11C - PiB to measure
amyloid plaques and 18F - FDG to measure regional neurodegeneration, offers new insight into the neurodegenerative characteristics
of Alzheimer's disease and shows that tau pathology may be an instrumental target for disease - modifying strategies.
At 10 months
of age the mouse models were found have no
amyloid plaque deposits at all.
The researchers were looking for two specific types
of protein:
deposits of beta -
amyloid plaque and knotted threads
of tau protein tangles.
Scientists have identified a basic pathologic process underlying Alzheimer's development that involves the formation
of abnormal protein
deposits in the brain known as beta -
amyloid plaques, but they still aren't entirely sure what causes this to happen.