The astronomers had expected to find a number
of ancient galaxies known as ellipticals, but instead discovered that, out of the 800,000 sample galaxies included in the study, 53 of the brightest examples were in fact spiral - shaped.
The team found only two candidates for baby black holes in thousands
of ancient galaxies (arxiv.org/abs/1603.08522).
Not exact matches
Many
of the 2012 predictions can be traced back to the mysterious end
of the
ancient Mayan calendar, which measured time in vast cycles, based on Earth's position within our
galaxy and our
galaxy's movement through the cosmos.
We are made
of stardust, the scientists say — the iron in our blood, the calcium in our bones, and the chlorine in our skin forged in the furnaces
of ancient stars whose explosions scattered the elements across the
galaxy.
Just as your eyes can see visible light but not radio waves or x-rays, Webb's vision is tuned for the infrared — a portion
of the spectrum ideal for studying
ancient stars and
galaxies, but where oxygen's barcode - like absorption lines are rather slight and sparse.
Theoretical models
of galaxy formation produce this arrangement less than 0.5 %
of the time, and the researchers suggest that these planes
of satellites might instead be the product
of ancient collisions between massive
galaxies.
But in January, astronomers used optical and infrared telescopes to look back nearly to the beginning
of the universe, just 1.5 billion years after the Big Bang, where they saw newborn ellipticals —
ancient galaxies so dusty they're nearly invisible.
NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has picked up the faint, ghostly glow
of stars ejected from
ancient galaxies that were gravitationally ripped apart several billion years ago.
Ellis, his PhD student Dan Stark and their colleagues trained one
of the world's biggest telescopes, the Keck 2 atop Hawaii's Mauna Kea, to scan light grazing massive clusters
of closer
galaxies [see image above], which focused the light coming from more
ancient galaxies behind them and magnified it 20 times in a process called gravitational lensing.
To measure the size
of these
ancient giant waves to such sharp precision, BOSS had to make an unprecedented and ambitious
galaxy map, many times larger than previous surveys.
That machine, when constructed, creates an artificial wormhole that allows Jodie Foster's character to travel to the center
of our
galaxy and talk to advanced aliens — who tell her that they didn't build the wormhole tunnels; an
ancient race did.
Later this year, astronomers will begin a new sky survey to look for signs
of the stuff among exploding stars and
ancient galaxy clusters.
Astronomers are now using the largest existing telescopes on the ground and in space to better assess the composition, size and shape
of the newly discovered
ancient galaxies.
The remote object is part
of a discovery
of 22 young
galaxies at
ancient times located nearly at the observable horizon
of the universe.
Just as London and Paris are built on more
ancient Roman or even older remains, our Milky Way
galaxy also has multiple generations
of stars that span the time from its formation to the present.
So far, however, the most remote,
ancient galaxies they can see have all seemed tiny — much smaller than our own mature
galaxy of hundreds
of billions
of stars.
But in my opinion, the fairest
of them all is the Cosmic Horseshoe found in the Sloan survey in 2007: light from an
ancient blue
galaxy draped 300 degrees around a red
galaxy 10 times heavier than the Milky Way.
They found four smudges
of light — possibly
galaxies — in the area, as well as a blob - shaped
galaxy full
of ancient stars on the region's periphery.
Aging red giant stars coexist with their more plentiful younger cousins, the smaller, white, Sun - like stars, in this crowded region
of our
galaxy's
ancient central hub, or bulge.
Among the stunning shots taken this week were those
of the Lagoon Nebula, about 3600 light years away from Earth; the 47 Tucanae cluster
of several million
ancient stars about 15,000 light years from Earth; and the face - on barred spiral
galaxy NGC 6744 in the star - rich southern constellation
of Pavo, about 30 million light years away.
Astronomers now believe that
ancient supernova explosions probably blasted these bubbles in the fabric
of the
galaxy.
But there will also undoubtedly be shocks, like the sighting
of ancient quasars and the discovery
of cannibal
galaxies — and that is what really motivates the people who run the hardest - working telescope in the world.
Most
of the
galaxy's stars, including the sun, reside in a thin, pancake - shaped disk, but
ancient stars populate a halo surrounding the disk.
This concentrically expanding system, as
ancient as it is enormous, provides a wonderful example
of the intricate, interrelated structures that are sculpted in
galaxies by the lives and deaths
of stars.
Two blobs spotted in the distant,
ancient universe may be the seeds
of the supermassive black holes that now dominate the core
of every
galaxy.
A few years ago, Frebel realized that some
of the dwarf
galaxies that orbit the Milky Way might be especially rich sources
of ancient stars.
What is more, the most
ancient galaxies appeared to have the highest concentrations
of molecular gas.
Star formation is also evident in the thin thread that connects the two
galaxies: a bridge
of stars created by the
ancient crash, stretching over the 24,000 light - years that currently separate the fated pair.
These
ancient black holes proved to be proportionately much heavier than those in the present - day universe — about 3 percent
of the
galaxy's mass.
For this reason, the
galaxy - hole pairings seen by Carilli's team might not be representative
of the
ancient universe, in which case the question
of which came first remains unanswered.
A pair
of gas clouds in a nearby
galaxy appears to be the tortured remains
of two
ancient gamma - ray bursts.
If we could carefully measure the number and energy (wavelength)
of all those photons — not only at the present time, but also back in time — we might learn important secrets about the nature and evolution
of the Universe, including how similar or different
ancient galaxies were compared to the
galaxies we see today.
«Hubble spots spiral bridge
of young stars linking two
ancient galaxies.»
Globular Clusters are a fascinating objects to view and can be easily seen with binoculars, they are groups
of ancient stars huddled together and orbiting the central bulge
of our
galaxy.
The Force is described to Luke in the original Star Wars as the source
of a Jedi knight's powers, «an energy field created by all living things» that binds us and the
galaxy together, and derided by an Imperial officer as «sorcerer's way» and an «
ancient religion.»
STScI / NASA press releases: Hubble Makes the First Precise Distance Measurement to an
Ancient Globular Star Cluster Hubble Unmasks Ghost
Galaxies Deepest View
of Space Yields Young Stars in Andromeda Halo Hubble Identifies Source
of Ultraviolet Light in an Old Galaxy ESA press releases: Hubble Unmasks Ghost
Galaxies Four Unusual Views
of the Andromeda Galaxy Public speaking: On the Trail
of the Missing
Galaxies High - Level Science Products from Large and Treasury Programs: GO - 9453: The Age
of the Andromeda Halo (126 orbits) GO - 10265: The Formation History
of Andromeda (107 orbits) GO - 10816: The Formation History
of Andromeda's Extended Metal - Poor Halo (128 orbits) GO - 11664 / 12666: The WFC3 Galactic Bulge Treasury Program: Populations, Formation History and Planets (56 orbits) GO - 12549: The Formation History
of the Ultra-Faint Dwarf
Galaxies (113 orbits)
Shectman investigates the large - scale structure
of the distribution
of galaxies; searches for
ancient stars; develops novel and creative astronomical instruments; and constructs large telescopes.
The destruction
of a planet may sound like the stuff
of science fiction, but a team
of astronomers has found evidence that this may have happened in an
ancient globular cluster
of stars at the edge
of the Milky Way
galaxy.
Globular clusters are
ancient balls
of stars that exist in the halo
of galaxies.
Webb will analyze the composition
of these
ancient stars, and perhaps reveal whether globular clusters formed along with our
galaxy or originated somewhere else, and were later absorbed into the
galaxy.
Ancient black holes, dwarf
galaxies and invisible halos might unlock the secrets
of dark matter.
Dr. Shectman investigates the large - scale structure
of the distribution
of galaxies, searches for
ancient stars, develops novel and creative astronomical instruments, and constructs large telescopes.
Two super-Earths have been detected around Kapteyn's Star (an orphan star torn from an
ancient dwarf satellite
galaxy of the Milky Way), one within its habitable zone (more).
The constellation's formation matches a number
of others indexed across
ancient human civilization, constituting sufficient evidence to justify aging zillionaire Peter Weylan (Guy Pearce, heavily augmented by prosthetics, and likely some CGI) sending a team
of scientists to the far reaches
of the
galaxy, trailing the origins
of human life on a hunch.
Shepard feels the burden not only
of that child's death, but
of the death
of every one
of his friends and, most
of all, the deaths
of all those he leaves behind on Earth as he sets off to complete his final and most important mission: to unite the
galaxy under one banner anc construct an
ancient super-weapon that is your only hope against the giant, ruthless machines that are now wiping out every trace
of life in the
galaxy.
The story pack also includes a reworked AI Endgame Crisis called The Contingency and a new Fallen Empire that may spawn in your
galaxy — the
Ancient Caretakers — made up
of machines with a mysterious purpose.
Flinthook puts you in the shoes
of the the titular character - the
galaxy's smallest space pirate - and tasks you with stopping a malevolent treasure hunter from unleashing an
ancient evil across the universe.
The Mass Effect trilogy follows the rise
of Commander Shepard from Alliance Marine to becoming the
galaxy's most elite soldier — the only soldier who can lead an all - out galactic war against an
ancient alien race known as the Reapers.
Frank O'Connor The weird issue with Halo — that the very first game starts with elements
of an
ancient prophecy, and an all - powerful,
galaxy destroying weapon — is that it's really hard to build up from there.
As for the stand - in for mass relays, instead there's
ancient Remnant technology from a mysterious, advanced race that can cleanse a planet's atmosphere, acting as a new tool and source
of technological intrigue that works well within the fiction
of arriving in a hostile new
galaxy.