The goal of this $ 2.5 million machine, the most ambitious ever sent to Mars, is geological: to analyse sediments that could have preserved organic compounds or other
evidence of ancient microbes, if these were ever there.
The fossils discovered in these formations include stromatolites — layered rock structures created by
communities of ancient microbes — and several other signatures of microbial life, such as a microbial palisade texture preserved in stone, and bubbles that were most likely trapped in a sticky substance produced by ancient bacteria.
But the work also finds that we've lost
some of the ancient microbes that still inhabit our great ape cousins, which could explain some human diseases and even obesity and mental disorders.