While the relatively cool conditions at many European sites have helped preserve the DNA
of ancient skeletons, researchers had not succeeded in sequencing DNA from the many skeletons found at very early Middle Eastern sites, due to their very hot and dry environments.
Now, with hundreds of thousands
of ancient skeletons (and their petrous bones) still to be analyzed, the field of ancient DNA is poised to both pin down current questions and tackle new ones.
Few of us are actually the direct descendants
of the ancient skeletons found in our backyards or historic homelands.
Not exact matches
Last week, paleontologist identified the
skeleton of an
ancient horse that was from an ice age nearly 16000 years ago.
Apr. 23, 2013 —
Ancient DNA recovered from a series
of skeletons in central Germany up to 7,500 years old has been used to reconstruct the first detailed genetic history
of modern Europe.
Now
ancient DNA from the fossilized
skeleton of a short, dark - skinned, dark - eyed man who lived at least 36,000 years ago along the Middle Don River in Russia presents a different view: This young man had DNA from all three
of those migratory groups and so was already «pure European,» says evolutionary biologist Eske Willerslev
of the Natural History Museum
of Denmark at the University
of Copenhagen, who led the analysis.
The study, led by Eske Willerslev, an evolutionary geneticist at the University
of Copenhagen, compared the genomes
of three
ancient skeletons — a 24,000 - year - old child found in central Siberia, a 12,600 - year - old Montana child known as Anzick - 1 and a 4,000 - year - old Saqqaq Eskimo from Greenland — to the genomes
of 31 indigenous people currently living in Asia, North and South America, and the Pacific islands.
DNA from five
ancient skeletons confirms the Canaanites
of biblical fame live on in modern day Lebanon
One
skeleton from Denmark (Jorgen 625) showed extraordinary preservation
of the pathogen DNA, allowing a genome reconstruction without using a modern reference sequence, which was never done before for an
ancient organism's genome.
The genome
of a 12,600 - year - old
skeleton from Montana, called the Anzick Child, is the only other published
ancient genome from the Americas that is older than 10,000 years.
Researchers at the University
of Leicester and a group
of Richard III enthusiasts spent two years scouring
ancient maps and excavating what is now a parking lot to find a
skeleton they thought to be his.
In 2008, he discovered the most complete
skeleton yet published
of an
ancient African hominin, 2 - million - year - old Australopithecus sediba.
Ancient baleen whales found in the same area «would have been perfect prey for such an animal,» says Lambert, who has returned to Peru in search
of the rest
of Livyatan's
skeleton.
The as - yet - unpublished
ancient DNA from the nearly complete
skeleton of this individual will show that he lacked genetic variants for light skin that spread later in Europeans, according to researchers at the Natural History Museum in London who have unveiled a new reconstruction; they say a scientific paper is coming later this month.
To find out what marks these movements had left on the genetic makeup
of the region, a team
of scientists from Spain, Italy, and the United Kingdom extracted bits
of ancient DNA from
skeletons from the warriors» burial mounds that dot the Kazakhstan countryside.
A new analysis
of a well - preserved
skeleton of a Neandertal child reveals that the
ancient human species may have had an extended period
of brain growth compared to modern humans.
Now, a study
of DNA from
ancient skeletons in Kazakhstan helps clear things up.
He compared the
ancient skull with dozens
of other fossils and modern
skeletons to look at the whole genus and trace major changes, or the lack thereof, in alligator morphology.
Now, an international team
of ancient DNA researchers and archaeologists has solved the mystery almost by accident after sequencing the genomes
of 101 Bronze Age
skeletons from Europe and Asia.
A new study
of ancient DNA from the teeth
of 101 Bronze Age
skeletons has found that seven people living 2800 to 5000 years ago in Europe and Asia were infected with Yersinia pestis, the bacteria that causes the plague.
Burial in the
ancient sea
of Zealandia: a Toipahautea whale
skeleton is slowly covered by sand 27 - 28 million years ago, on its path to become a fossil.
Researchers are trying to extract DNA from
skeletons buried in the
ancient Philistine cemetery
of Ashkelon, in what is now Israel.
Using whole - genome sequencing, they looked at rare genetic variants in modern - day British populations and compared them with variants in the DNA
of 10
ancient skeletons.
Their analysis
of nearly 1,000
ancient skeletons in university and museum collections showed that TB was spreading throughout the Americas via herds
of cattlelike beasts called bovids around 75,000 years ago.
Roberts said that «the presence
of bone - borings provides a CSI - like opportunity to study the
skeleton and reconstruct the timing
of death and burial, and offers rare evidence
of ancient insects and complex food webs during the age
of the dinosaurs.»
Based on analysis
of more than 300 teeth, skull and lower - body measurements, Alba and colleagues assign the partial
skeleton to a new genus and species
of ancient ape, Pliobates cataloniae.
Comparing DNA extracted from an
ancient Ethiopian
skeleton with modern examples shows some
of our ancestors migrated back to Africa from Eurasia 3000 years ago
But most
ancient skeletons are highly fragmented, so it's difficult to figure out what kind
of animal they were from, and what they were used for.
Another surprise: The
skeletons — with a mosaic
of modern and
ancient anatomy — represented a new species.
Thanks to a lack
of dental hygiene in the Middle Ages, Warinner found a trove
of ancient microbial material on teeth
of four
skeletons from a medieval monastery in Dalheim, Germany.
This type
of work is essential to discover more about
ancient communities when the complete
skeletons of individuals are not available.
That same study linked milk proteins preserved in the calculus
of other
ancient human
skeletons to specific animals — providing a peek into long - ago lifestyles.
This showed that the details
of segmentation in the Pseudooides embryos to be nothing more than the folded edge
of an opening, which developed into the rim
of the cone - shaped
skeleton that once housed the anemone - like stage in the life cycle
of the
ancient jellyfish.
The mitochondrial DNA sequences from the Syrian
skeletons showed what the team calls «strong affinities» with
ancient DNA recently recovered from roughly 7000 - year - old farming villages in both Germany and Spain, confirming that populations in the Middle East were indeed the source
of later farming populations in Europe.
Hannes Schroeder, an
ancient DNA researcher at the University
of Copenhagen, had previously studied the Zoutsteeg Three's
skeletons, determining that all three
of them were between 25 and 40 when they died.
Searches for cancer in
ancient remains are plagued (no pun intended) by sampling errors — the signature
of cancer can be detected in bones, but many
skeletons are incomplete, and
of course cancers do not always spread to bone after they originate in soft tissue.
Ancient DNA from
skeletons (inset) found at this early farming site in Syria, Tell Halula, points to a maritime route for the spread
of farming into Europe.
The use
of coral cores in the study was praised by Braddock Linsley, a professor at the Lamont - Doherty Earth Observatory
of Columbia University who studies
ancient climatic conditions by analyzing coral
skeleton samples.
In the new study, an international team extracted
ancient DNA from the
skeletons of four
ancient women from the islands
of Vanuatu and Tonga, dated to 2300 to 3100 years ago, including three directly associated with the Lapita culture.
However, while most fish in the sea have bones, one
ancient lineage — sharks, skates and rays — possess
skeletons made entirely
of cartilage.
Other animals from these
ancient marine sediments include a number
of exciting new discoveries: arthropods without
skeletons, many sponges, a few shelled brachiopods and a single trilobite species.
Today, many articulated
skeletons of elasmosaurs provide insight in the anatomy, lifestyle and relationships
of these spectacular
ancient sea monsters.
To better understand its origin and life history, scientists examined the
skeleton, organs, and
ancient DNA using a myriad
of techniques: anthropological investigation, a complete body CT scan, isotope analysis, tissue histology, molecular identification
of ancient parasitic DNA, and forensic injury reconstruction.
August 15, 2013 Earliest complete fossil from major group
of ancient mammal discovered Flexible ankles and versatile ridged teeth were the key adaptations that allowed mutituberculates to become the most successful group
of ancient mammals, as revealed with the discovery
of a 160 million - year - old fossil — the earliest known complete
skeleton of a multituberculate.
A study
of ancient marine algae has found that climate change affected their growth and
skeleton structure.
Archaeological investigations have turned up evidence
of injuries, degenerative disease, infections, and tumors in
ancient skeletons, but no signs (yet)
of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
The unearthing
of an
ancient mass grave filled with Roman
skeletons has left archeologists in modern Turkey grappling for answers after they uncovered the Demre is a town and its surrounding district in the Antalya Province on the Mediterranean coast
of Turkey, named after the river Demre.
A book, titled «Kennewick Man: «The Scientific Investigation
of an
Ancient American
Skeleton», provides the most thorough analysis
of the find made in Tri-City Herald funeral notices and Death Notices for Kennewick Washington area.
Famitsu also revealed a new field map for MH4, a «primeval forest» filled with all kinds
of natural vistas, as well as things like dragon
skeletons and evidence
of some
ancient civilization.
On a journey that will take them to Tibet, Nepal, China, Italy, and Siberia, the Fargos find themselves embroiled with black - market fossils, an
ancient Tibetan kingdom, a lost landmass in the North Sea, Stone Age ostrich egg shards inscribed in a cryptic language, a pair
of battles separated by thousands
of miles and hundreds
of years... and a
skeleton that could just turn the history
of human evolution on its head.