The space - time structure of natural climate variability needed to determine the optimal fingerprint pattern and the resultant signal - to - noise ratio of the detection variable is estimated from several multi-century control simulations with different CGCMs and from instrumental data over the last 136 y. Applying the combined greenhouse gas - plus - aerosol fingerprint in the same way as the greenhouse gas only fingerprint in a previous work, the recent 30 - y trends (1966 — 1995)
of annual mean near surface temperature are again found to represent a significant climate change at the 97.5 % confidence level.
Observed change
of annual mean temperature for Northern Norway since year 1900, relative to the 1901 - 2000 mean.
Observed change
of annual mean temperature for Svalbard since year 1912, relative to the 1901 - 2000 mean.
Observed change
of annual mean temperature for Jan Mayen since year 1921, relative to the 1901 - 2000 mean.
Observed change
of annual mean temperature for Vardø since year 1840, relative to the 1901 - 2000 mean.
We blended surface meteorological observations, remotely sensed (TRMM and NDVI) data, physiographic indices, and regression techniques to produce gridded maps
of annual mean precipitation and temperature, as well as parameters for site - specific, daily weather generation for any location in Yemen.
Analyses
of the annual mean streamflow time series for the 14 streamflow clusters indicated periods of extended wet and dry periods, but did not indicate any strong monotonic trends.
The spatial distribution of the forcings is similar in the studies showing strongest radiative forcings over industrial regions of the Northern Hemisphere although the ratio
of the annual mean Northern Hemisphere / Southern Hemisphere radiative forcing varies from 2.0 (Graf et al., 1997) to 6.9 (Myhre et al., 1998c)(see Section 6.14.2 for further details).
Consistent with the previous studies, we find virtually no skill
of annual mean precipitation beyond 1 or 2 years lead time.
Normalized histograms
of the annual mean fire seasonal length (top) and fire risk (bottom) over the northern (left) and southern North American (right) index regions (see boxes in Fig. 1g) from the pre-industrial control simulation.
The cash value of this is, that all of NASA's estimates
of annual mean global surface temperatures come with an uncertainty of + / -(not less than 0.6) °C.
Decadal climate prediction
of annual mean variations in total water storage (left), vegetation carbon (center), and fire season length (right panels) over the Northern US.
Multi-model mean
of annual mean surface warming (surface air temperature change, °C) for the scenarios B1 (top), A1B (middle) and A2 (bottom), and three time periods, 2011 to 2030 (left), 2046 to 2065 (middle) and 2080 to 2099 (right).
Observations
of annual mean concentrations of O2, centred on January 1, are shown from the average of the Alert and La Jolla monitoring stations (Keeling et al., 1996b; Manning, 2001; solid circles) and from the average of the Cape Grim and Point Barrow monitoring stations (Battle et al., 2000; solid triangles).
The TAR noted that much of the regional variation
of the annual mean warming in the multi-model means is associated with high - to low - latitude contrast.
For example, the HadCRUT3, GISS, etc. data sets
of annual mean global temperature each report global temperature changes as differences from a 30 - year average.
The link given in Jean's article appears to point to a graph
of ANNUAL mean temperatures at Sodankylä, and the underlying data at the time of writing at:
The changes produced a decrease of 0.006 °C / decade for the 1880 to 2014 trend
of the annual mean land surface air temperature rather than the 0.003 °C / decade increase reported by NCEI.
Such Hurst phenomena have been observed in the stochastic processes of nature in the area of hydrology (Hurst) and also in the proxy record
of annual mean surface temperature at a millennial time scale (Barnett).
If you want to choose the latitude best suited to your climate druthers all you need is the dependence
of annual mean surface temperature on latitude, a very simple object.
Results show that this region is undergoing rapid warming: the trends
of annual mean minimum temperature (MMIT), mean temperature (MT), and mean maximum temperature (MMAT) are 0.40 C decade∻ 1, 0.32 C decade∻ 1, and 0.23 C decade∻ 1, respectively.
Figure 1.4 http://cybele.bu.edu/courses/gg312fall02/chap01/figures/figure1.4.gif shows the natural variability
of the annual mean surface temperature on several different spatial scales from a climate model simulation for 200 years.
June, July and August are the driest months (1 %
of annual mean rainfall).
Error bars represent the standard errors
of the annual means.
Ends for trends — and the annual circus
of annual means.
As we get to the end of another year, we can update all of the graphs
of annual means with another single datapoint.
Not exact matches
A panel
of three entrepreneurs discussed the relationship between purpose and profitability in greater depth: Pocket Sun, who, as founding partner
of female - focused VC firm SoGal Ventures, has a purpose
of «building an empire for millennial women to invest in startups»; Eileen Gittins, a serial entrepreneur who founded book self - publishing firm Blurb and now runs Bossygrl, a mobile app
meant to introduce Gen Z girls to entrepreneurship by helping them launch micro-businesses; and Cathie Reid, co-founder and current digital advisor to Icon Group, an Australian cancer - care company with
annual revenue
of more than $ 1.5 billion.
Another recent paper, this one in Quebec, put the
annual financial toll
of insomnia in the province at $ 6.6 billion; three - quarters
of that amount stemmed from work absences and reduced productivity,
meaning they were absorbed largely by employers.
While summer is
meant to be the season where oil prices hit their
annual highs, the price
of crude oil has plunged recently.
That
means learning the
annual percentage rate (APR)
of the loan.
A capitalization rate
of 50 %
means that the business could be worth twice its
annual earnings.
Michel Bergeron, vice-president
of corporate relations at BDC, says BDC's
annual awards are
meant to provide both internal and external recognition that will help young Canadian businesses continue to grow.
The record $ 16.8 million donated this year to Telethon's
annual fundraising weekend — the charity's most successful event to date — will
mean more money in the pockets
of the chosen beneficiaries, including the Telethon Institute for Child Health Research.
That influx
of cash will
mean big things for Girls Inc. — the charity currently has an
annual budget
of $ 2.8 million.
Their base salaries fall in the $ 69,548 to $ 135,000 range — which far surpasses what the Bureau
of Labor Statistics estimates as the
annual mean wage — $ 47,230.
At the
annual Herzliya security conference near Tel Aviv, Major - General Amir Eshel said qualitative and quantitative improvements in the air force since the 2006 Lebanon war
meant it could carry out in just two or three days the same number
of bombings it mounted in those 34 days
of fighting.
After analyzing job
meaning for 453 jobs from the Occupational Information Network (O * NET), Payscale then examined median pay, job satisfaction, job stress, and typical education level for each occupation, and compiled its second
annual list
of the Most and Least Meaningful Jobs in America.
We took those projections and combined them with BLS estimates
of the 2014 median
annual earnings
of those jobs — using the geometric
mean of the two numbers — to come up with a ranking
of the best jobs
of the next decade.
Entrepreneurs are also attracted by the local economy
of Troy, where the median
annual income
of $ 72,333 is complemented by a median housing cost
of $ 1,366 a month, which
means a resident would plan for about 22.2 %
of income for housing, the second - lowest proportion in the top 10 cities.
For the state, it could
mean falling short
of the $ 44 million to $ 82 million in
annual revenue it expected to collect from the 17 percent tax on pot sales.
As
of 2013, only 33.25 % (319.35 HA)
of the Tangier Islands remain since 1850 (875.33 HA) giving a
mean annual loss
of 3.41 HA yr − 1.
«Mark - Up
of H.R. 3996, The Temporary Tax Relief Act
of 2007 and H.R. 3997, The Heroes Earnings Assistance and Relief Act
of 2007,» Hearing Before the Committee on Ways and
Means, United States House
of Representatives, November 1, 2007; «Baucus, Grassley Tackle Alternative Minimum Tax Relief on First Day
of 110th Congress,» Press Release, January 4, 2007; «Easing the Family Tax Burden,» Hearing Before the Committee on Finance, United States Senate, March 8, 2001; «Revenue Proposals and Tax Cuts in the President's Budget,» Hearing Before the Committee on Finance, United States Senate, February 28, 2001; «President's Tax Relief Proposals: Individual Income Tax Rates,» Hearing Before the Committee on Ways and
Means, House
of Representatives, February 13, 2001; Jerry Tempalski, «The Impact
of the 2001 Tax Bill on the Individual AMT,» National Tax Association Proceedings: 94th
Annual Conference on Taxation, November 10, 2001.
CAP assumes
annual wage growth matches the
mean effect
of experience and nonexperience on real wages measured in the NLSY data assuming full - time, full - year employment, and reports the cumulative difference between the no - leave earnings profile and the leave earnings profile over time.
This
means that unless you cash in your permanent policy, you will be paying the
annual premium for the rest
of your life.
The average millage rate in the county is 29.6 mills, which would
mean annual taxes
of $ 8,880 on a $ 300,000 home.
The crisis may also mark an end to the notion that «investing»
means guaranteed
annual double - digit returns (far in excess
of income growth) without having to do any real work.
In the United States, March retail sales, industrial production and housing figures all disappointed, and the persistent softness in U.S. economic data
means the United States will struggle to hit the 3 %
annual growth rate that investors had expected at the beginning
of the year.
If you have PMI
of 1 % that
means you would have an
annual private mortgage insurance (PMI) cost
of $ 2,320, or $ 193 per month.
Giving us your proxy
means that you authorize another person or persons to vote your shares
of common stock at the
annual meeting in the manner
Most CDs come with fixed rates,
meaning annual percentage yields are locked in for the duration
of the term.