Sentences with phrase «of atmospheric constituents»

«In its most recent assessment, IPCC states unequivocally that the consensus of scientific opinion is that Earth's climate is being affected by human activities: «Human activities... are modifying the concentration of atmospheric constituents... that absorb or scatter radiant energy.

-LSB-...] In its most recent assessment, IPCC states unequivocally that the consensus of scientific opinion is that Earth's climate is being affected by human activities: «Human activities... are modifying the concentration of atmospheric constituents... that absorb or scatter radiant energy.

«Human activities (primarily burning of fossil fuels and changes in land cover) are modifying the concentration of atmospheric constituents or properties of the surface that absorb or scatter radiant energy.

CO; 2 Observations of the Infrared Radiative Properties of the Ocean «[I] t is necessary to understand the physical variables contributing to sea surface emitted and reflected radiation to space.The emissivity of the ocean surface varies with view angle and sea state, the reflection of sky radiation also depends on view angle and sea state, and the absorption of atmospheric constituents such as water vapor, aerosols, and subdivisible clouds affect transmittance.»

When Oreskes quotes, ««Human activities... are modifying the concentrations of atmospheric constituents... that absorb or scatter radiant energy... [M] ost of the observed warming over the last 50 years is likely to have been due to the increase in greenhouse gas emissions», her quotation is accurate and she actually emphasizes the word likely.

Human activities — primarily burning of fossil fuels and changes in land cover — are modifying the concentration of atmospheric constituents or properties of the surface that absorb or scatter radiant energy.

i) The total exchange of radiation between Space and the TOA and between surface and the TOA is sufficiently large that an increase in the radiative capabilities of an atmospheric constituent that amounts to 0.04 % of the atmosphere would appear unlikely to have any significant effect.

Total atmospheric potential energy = sum of potential energy of each atmospheric constituent PEa = PEN2 + PEO2 + PEH2O + PEAr...»

Not exact matches

Measurements from these sensors would be used to derive properties of atmospheric aerosols, clouds, and oceanic constituents.

Initial data from the Cassini - Huygens spacecraft, which began exploring the Saturnian system in 2004, show that methane is indeed a minor atmospheric constituent but a very important one, possibly playing a role analogous to that of water vapour in Earth's troposphere.

Considering the heat capacity of the oceans is about 1,100 times greater than the air, would not even a modest change in cloud cover affect the radiative balance with far greater magnitude than a parts - per - million change in an atmospheric gas constituent?

The ARM Climate Research Facility is guided by several constituent groups that help steer the overall direction of ARM by providing input on how to best meet the Facility's — and the atmospheric research community's — science goals.

Indeed, for the impartial spectator, it is hard to figure out, how the Lambda, the Watts, the 3; 3.7 relation to temperature, the 1.6 Watts / sqm of total global RF (radiative forcing) for the time period (also labelled as total anthopogenic forcing) 1750 - 2000, the share of Watts / sqm for each atmospheric constituent, and global temperature intertwine and produce a senseful scientific meaning.

Ozone (O3)- Ozone, the triatomic form of oxygen (O3), is a gaseous atmospheric constituent.

In turn, these optical depths may be used to derive information about the column abundances of ozone and water vapor, as well as aerosol and other atmospheric constituents.

Much of this IR is at wavelengths at which other atmospheric constituents do not interact, so if CO2 is exposed to a warmer surface like the earth, it will absorb radiation that would otherwise pass through into the cold of space AND likewise if CO2 is exposed to the cool of outer space it will emit vast quantities of IR at wavelengths which other gases can not emit.

Radiative transfer codes that accurately calculate the radiative impact of greenhouse gases and other atmospheric constituents are an essential component of the global climate models used to simulate present and future climate.

In atmospheric physics, lidar is used as a remote detection instrument to measure densities of certain constituents of the middle and upper atmosphere, such as potassium, sodium, or molecular nitrogen and oxygen.

Theoretical and Applied Climatology covers climate modeling, climatic changes and climate forecasting, micro - to mesoclimate, applied meteorology as in agro - and forestmeteorology, biometeorology, building meteorology and atmospheric radiation problems as they relate to the biosphere; effects of anthropogenic and natural aerosols or gaseous trace constituents; hardware and software elements of meteorological measurements, including techniques of remote sensing, among other topics of current interest.

Of great urgency are the climate consequences of the increasing atmospheric abundance of greenhouse gases and other trace constituents... [that] interact strongly with the Earth's energy balance, resulting in the prospect of significant global warminOf great urgency are the climate consequences of the increasing atmospheric abundance of greenhouse gases and other trace constituents... [that] interact strongly with the Earth's energy balance, resulting in the prospect of significant global warminof the increasing atmospheric abundance of greenhouse gases and other trace constituents... [that] interact strongly with the Earth's energy balance, resulting in the prospect of significant global warminof greenhouse gases and other trace constituents... [that] interact strongly with the Earth's energy balance, resulting in the prospect of significant global warminof significant global warming.

Radiatively, the only thing that distinguishes a «forcing» from a «feedback» is that injection of the forcing constituent into the climate system does not depend on the atmospheric temperature, while the feedback constituents are temperature dependent in response to local meteorological conditions.

... The observed patterns of change over the past 50 years can not be explained by natural processes alone, nor by the effects of short - lived atmospheric constituents (such as aerosols and tropospheric ozone) alone.

And, there is plenty of empirical data at every level: There is empirical data on the basic absorption lines of the various atmospheric constituents, there is a wealth of empirical data backing up the basic equations of radiative transfer that are applied in calculating the greenhouse effect in just the same way that engineers and scientists use these equations everyday in other calculations, there is empirical spectra looking both up from the surface of the earth and down from satellites.

If I were choosing a model to describe with as much quantitative fidelity as possible the greenhouse effect in the earth's atmosphere, then the model I would choose would be a state - of - the - art convective - radiative transfer code using the actual composition and empirical absorption / emission lines for the atmospheric constituents.

Since we can not measure any individual forcing directly in the atmosphere, the models draw upon results of laboratory experiments in passing sunlight through chambers in which atmospheric constituents are artificially varied; such experiments are, however, of limited value when translated into the real atmosphere, where radiative transfers and non-radiative transports (convection and evaporation up, advection along, subsidence and precipitation down), as well as altitudinal and latitudinal asymmetries, greatly complicate the picture.