Sentences with phrase «of atmospheric transport»

Here we quantify the processes that controlled variations in methane emissions between 1984 and 2003 using an inversion model of atmospheric transport and chemistry.

Badgley J. E., S. Jeong, X. Cui, S. Newman, J. Zhang, C. Priest, M. Campos - Pineda, A. E. Andrews, L. Bianco, M. Lloyd, N. Lareau, C. Clements and M. L. Fischer (February 2017): Assessment of an atmospheric transport model for annual inverse estimates of California greenhouse gas emissions.

Atmospheric scientists measure the amount of CH4 gas in the atmosphere and use these data, along with models of atmospheric transport, to estimate the amount of CH4 released at Earth's surface.

Since what goes north must eventually go south (after taking into account the very small amounts of atmospheric transport and the amount of flow through the Bering Strait), all of the other changes will balance.

Atmospheric scientists measure the amount of CH4 gas in the atmosphere and use these data, along with models of atmospheric transport, to estimate the amount of CH4 released at Earth's surface.

«We used a UK Met Office computer model of atmospheric transport to look back in time, at where the air samples we collected had travelled from.»

And because the comb measurements can be averaged over the entire path length rather than relying on a few spot measurements, the comb method is better matched to the scale of atmospheric transport models.

Not exact matches

Black carbon is the soot - like byproduct of wildfires and fossil fuel consumption, able to be carried long distances via atmospheric transport.

The complex interactions of atmospheric turbulence and heat transport affect global climate.

«Using a numerical climate model we found that sulfate reductions over Europe between 1980 and 2005 could explain a significant fraction of the amplified warming in the Arctic region during that period due to changes in long - range transport, atmospheric winds and ocean currents.

The researchers found that large - scale features of atmospheric circulation — in particular, the strength and position of the Aleutian Low, a semi-permanent, subpolar area of low pressure located in the Gulf of Alaska near the Aleutian Islands — largely determined the timing of snowmelt during spring in Alaska, by either facilitating or inhibiting the transport of warm, moist air into the region.

Because air temperature significantly alters atmospheric dynamics, which in turn affects moisture transport, scientists speculate that this increase of high altitude moisture may be tied to global warming.

To investigate the layers and composition of clouds and tiny airborne particles like dust, smoke and other atmospheric aerosols,, scientists at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland have developed an instrument called the Cloud - Aerosol Transport System, or CATS.

Using 19 climate models, a team of researchers led by Professor Minghua Zhang of the School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences at Stony Brook University, discovered persistent dry and warm biases of simulated climate over the region of the Southern Great Plain in the central U.S. that was caused by poor modeling of atmospheric convective systems — the vertical transport of heat and moisture in the atmosphere.

«This emphasizes the importance of large - scale energy transport and atmospheric circulation changes in restoring Earth's global temperature equilibrium after a natural, unforced warming event,» Li said.

The temperature gradient creates atmospheric circulation, which transports heat from areas of equatorial excess to the cold polar regions.

Astrid Schnetzer, associate professor of marine, earth and atmospheric sciences at NC State, wanted to know how domoic acid gets transported to depth via marine snow after a toxic algal bloom and how long it may persist.

Collision of climate variants One, called the negative phase of the Indian Ocean Dipole, is an atmospheric circulation in the tropical Indian Ocean that transports water from west to east.

The research team believe this is probably due to a weakening of the atmospheric circulation which transports freshwater from the dry to wet regions of the globe.

This diagram shows types, and size distribution in micrometres, of atmospheric particulate matter This animation shows aerosol optical thickness of emitted and transported key tropospheric aerosols from 17 August 2006 to 10 April 2007, from a 10 km resolution GEOS - 5 «nature run» using the GOCART model.

Transport and lifetime of atmospheric particles simulated by a quasi-global process model indicates how these particles impact the regional US western states

Why It Matters: On average, atmospheric rivers hit the western United States only a few times each winter, but they transport significant amounts of moisture that converges in the mountains producing heavy precipitation.

The transport processes are also very variable from winter to winter and the amount of ozone pumped into the Arctic is also correlated with temperature (this is not a causal relationship — the correlation exists, because variability in temperatures and in ozone transport are both driven by the same atmospheric processes).

A NOAA website on atmospheric rivers contains this fascinating statistic that illustrates just how much moisture can be transported by winds in the mid-to-upper atmosphere: «A strong atmospheric river transports an amount of water vapor roughly equivalent to 7.5 - 15 times the average flow of liquid water at the mouth of the Mississippi River.»

Here we apply a «state of the art» atmospheric chemistry transport model to show that large emissions of CH4 would likely have an unexpectedly large impact on the chemical compositioof the atmosphere and on radiative forcing (RF).

A continual cycle of heat and moisture is pulled from the tropical ocean and transported around the globe on belts of atmospheric energy.

Already an international sensation, Boris Akunin's latest page - turner transports the reader back to the glamorous, dangerous past in a richly atmospheric tale of suspense on the high seas.

Others include poisoning of water supplies, high levels of atmospheric ash, crop damage, and disruption to transport.

Following the excellent number of votes from you all and the wonderful Awards event in 2015, at the fabulously atmospheric Dinosaur Gallery in the Natural History Museum, we weredelighted to host the 2016 Awards at the London Transport Museum on 22 June 2016.

The modern age of steam trains, iron bridges and extended public transport networks was perfectly captured by Monet's series of atmospheric paintings.

The eight computer generated photo - paintings located in the lower level of the gallery are a reflection of the invisible energy surrounding nature and inspired by drawings Mori made in front of the ocean back in her native Japan.The photo - paintings emitted a cosmic and atmospheric aura that made me feel as if I was transported into a distant serene galaxy.

For instance, there is no evidence that, with the current configuration, atmospheric heat transports have vastly different modes of behaviour — and so they are unlikely to suddenly flip into a new state.

It is still popular nomenclature in physical oceanography and atmospheric dynamics to refer to the bodily transport of energy by a fluid as «heat transport.»

At the very least he needs to provide a pointer to «the calculations of the sensitivity of the mean climate to a doubling of CO2 concentration» that he has found are ignoring changes in non-radiative atmospheric heat transport.

One is to acknowledge that calculation of radiation transport through a partially opaque atmosphere is one of those problems that seems easy until you try to write down the equations, and then you find it's a monster — the great mathematical physicist S. Chandrasekhar spent years working on it and wrote a book full of equations on stellar atmospheres that I think hardly anyone in atmospheric physics even tries to read.

The (apparent) slower rate of projected model warming for a higher absolute temperature may be related to other factors like cloud amount and geographical distribution at higher absolute humidity, or increases in convective transport (due to more atmospheric instability) at higher absolute humidity.

The transport processes are also very variable from winter to winter and the amount of ozone pumped into the Arctic is also correlated with temperature (this is not a causal relationship — the correlation exists, because variability in temperatures and in ozone transport are both driven by the same atmospheric processes).

RE # 11 The role of hurricanes in the poleward heat transport immediately leads to the question, how is the poleward heat transport divided between atmospheric and oceanic routes?

I hadn't heard about the heat transport via the atmosphere, but it didn't surprise me — that is what the jet streams are all about — a wind caused by an atmospheric temperature differential, given a little bit of a spin.

Alaska Arctic Tundra CH4 Flux Study — Impacts of AGW / CC Published 8 - Jan 2018 Estimating regional - scale methane flux and budgets using CARVE aircraft measurements over Alaska Conclusions Analysis of CH4 column enhancements supplemented by simulated atmospheric transport allowed us to estimate the monthly - mean CH4 fluxes from our study domain (50 — 75 N, 130 — 170 W).

As the ocean circulation takes up the role of transporting heat poleward the atmospheric circulation spins down.

This is due to the fact that changes in atmospheric transport and deposition in the case of 10Be or changes in the carbon cycle in the case of 14C can influence the measured concentrations.

Redistribution of heat (such as vertical transport between the surface and the deeper ocean) could cause some surface and atmospheric temperature change that causes some global average warming or cooling.

The correct way to ensure conservation of energy is at the grid cell level, i.e. you make sure that there's no creation or destruction of energy within each atmospheric cell and in transport processes among cells.

In GCMs, the global mean evaporation changes closely balance the precipitation change, but not locally because of changes in the atmospheric transport of water vapour.

Its findings suggest that changing storm patterns and the ensuing droughts are due to a southern shift in the Hadley cell, the large - scale pattern of atmospheric circulation that transports heat from the tropics to the subtropics.

If it were not for convective energy transport, the terrestrial greenhouse effect would be 66K for the current atmospheric composition instead of the current climate 33K, which takes convective energy transport into account.

An atmospheric general circulation model coupled to a simple mixed layer ocean was forced with altered implied ocean heat transports during a period of increasing trace gases.

This product primarily exploits high - quality measurements of air samples collected at tens of sites around the world by various laboratories (119 sites for CO2, 30 sites for CH4 and 127 sites for N2O), in combination with a numerical model of atmospheric tracer transport (Chevallier et al. 2010, Bergamaschi et al. 2013, Thompson et al. 2014).

This mass of warm water, nicknamed «the Blob,» was the result of a persistent atmospheric high - pressure ridge in the Northeastern Pacific that decreased cooling and transport of surface water.