The weather station showed that surface melt occurred in every month except July, the dead
of austral winter.
In the twilight
of the austral winter, for a few hours every day, the sea ice turns a fiery orange as shadow puppets trace the cracks across slow - moving waves.
Extreme cold can prevent aircraft from operating, and could maroon the team at the station during the total darkness and bitter temperatures
of austral winter.
Not exact matches
After migrating hundreds
of miles from their
winter feeding grounds, they marched off the ice in the
austral spring and — even though their nesting territories were concealed under snow — headed to the very colonies where many were hatched or had raised chicks before.
Physician Alexander Kumar and Erick Bondoux, two residents passing
austral winter at Concordia, snapped this photo
of the dramatic aurorae over the station on July 18.
Submarine personnel first described the oddly repetitive call, which is one
of the most common sounds in that ocean during the
austral winter.
Princess Elisabeth Antarctica is designed to withstand the hardships
of the Antarctic
winter, but is currently occupied during the
Austral summer only (November - February) in almost permanent daylight.
At an elevation
of 2,835 meters (9,300 feet), South Pole has an average monthly temperature in the
austral summer
of -28 °C -LRB--18 °F); in the
austral winter, the average monthly temperature is -60 °C -LRB--76 °F).
The reason is that the cold Humboldt current which travels northward up the coast
of Chile and Peru during the
Austral winter months
of May - November creates prevailing onshore wind conditions during this period, with the wind and swell coming from the same direction.
• The methanetrack.org website has shown significant increases in atmospheric methane concentrations over Antarctica this
austral winter (which I believe are due to increases in methane emissions from the Southern Ocean seafloor due to increases in the temperature
of bottom water temperatures), and if this trend continues, then the Southern Hemisphere could be a significant source
of additional atmospheric methane (this century).
In fact, as I proposed in my overview
of ice trends last October, the system up there may be becoming more like the sea ice around Antarctica, which flashes into existence each
austral winter and then all disappears each southern summer.
However, it instead has happened this
austral winter with loss
of an additional 160 km2
of ice.
We determine its likely evolution for three intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC) special report on emission scenarios (SRES) for
austral summer and
winter, using a multi-model ensemble
of IPCC fourth assessment report models which resolve stratospheric ozone recovery.
Temperature patterns vary so widely because the continent is covered in continuous darkness during the
austral winter and continuous sunlight during the
austral summer, with a few weeks
of sunrises and sunsets in between seasons.
Things tend to change this time
of year — and where ENSO goes in the
Austral winter is the thing to watch.
Indeed as as MarkW has said the extension during the
austral winter of the surface
of the antarctic ice up to 20 M km ² and 60 ° S would deserve a computation
of the total albedo
of (floating ice + snow cover)(over the southern and the northern hemispheres), with due account
of the elevation
of the Sun and
of the clouds.
They reported an annual warming
of West Antarctica
of 0.18 °C / decade for 1957 — 2006, maximized in the
austral winter and spring.
Along with an annual - mean trend during the past 50 years
of about 0.1 °C / decade averaged over Antarctica, there is a distinct seasonality to the trends, with insignificant change (and even some cooling) in
austral summer and autumn in East Antarctica, contrasting with warming in
austral winter and spring.
It's possible that 40 years
of increased El Nino (because
of a positive IPO) may have bumped up the temperatures in the
austral winter.
This is thought to be due to the northward propagation
of strong swells produced by
winter storms in the southern hemisphere during the
austral winter.