We used µCT imaging to compare its external and internal macro-morphology to upper molars
of australopiths, and fossil and recent Homo.
But other types
of australopiths also lived during that time, making the genealogy exercise premature.
Tiny middle ear bones belonging to two
of our australopith forebears reveal that the hominins lacked our sensitivity to speech frequencies
Not exact matches
William Jungers calls members
of Lucy's genus, the
australopiths, the «ultimate morphological generalists.»
«One
of our major results is that we found no evidence that the earliest members
of our genus differed in body mass from earlier
australopiths (some
of the earliest species
of hominins),» said Dr. Grabowski, who is also a Fulbright scholar at the Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis at the University
of Oslo.
Although H. naledi's cranium is shaped like that
of H. erectus, its brain size is that
of an earlier
australopith, and tiny for its 5 - foot - tall body.
Most disruptive
of all is the suggestion that not all the species grouped within our own genus are necessarily from a single lineage — or that, perhaps, some
of the species considered Homo, such as Homo habilis, are really
australopiths.
Produced using cutting - edge methodology and the largest sample
of individual early hominin fossils available, analysis
of their results shows that early hominins were generally smaller than previously thought and that the increase in body size occurred not between
australopiths and the origins
of Homo but later with H. erectus (the first species widely found outside
of Africa).
Matthew Tocheri, who is Canada Research Chair in Human Origins at Lakehead University, told Discovery News that the new study makes a convincing case that «
australopiths were not only capable
of using their hands in more human - like ways than living great apes, but also that they actually used their hands in more human - like ways.
The small proportion
of demonstrably non-local large hominin individuals could indicate that male
australopiths had relatively small home ranges...»
«However,» he added, «there is some evidence for these type
of cut - marks at 3.4 million years ago, a time period only associated with
australopiths.»
Brian Richmond, a curator in the Division
of Anthropology at the American Museum
of Natural History, said, «With this study, we finally have evidence
of what we long suspected —
australopiths used their human - like hand proportions to handle objects in human - like ways.»