The Northern Sierra watersheds are currently sitting at just above 200 %
of average precipitation for the season to date — a rather extraordinary statistic.
The pattern of change for the wettest day of the year is projected to roughly follow
that of the average precipitation, with both increases and decreases across the U.S. Extreme hydrologic events are projected to increase over most of the U.S.
In contrast, France received less than 90 percent
of its average precipitation total for 2015, making this one of the 10 driest years for the country in the past half century.
Texas had its wettest spring on record with 223 percent
of average precipitation.
During May 5th — 31st, the Huanan region in the northeast received rainfall 150 percent
of its average precipitation, the most in nearly 40 years.
Not exact matches
Expected La Niña... Potential impacts in the United States include an enhanced chance for below -
average precipitation across much
of the South, while above -
average precipitation is favored for the northern Plains.
Kona is generally dry, with an
average annual
precipitation of 32.05 inches (814 mm).
The properties
of the climate system include not just familiar concepts
of averages of temperature,
precipitation, and so on but also the state
of the ocean and the cryosphere (sea ice, the great ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica, glaciers, snow, frozen ground, and ice on lakes and rivers).
In some tropical and subtropical regions it is more common to speak
of the rainy (or wet, or monsoon) season versus the dry season, as the amount
of precipitation may vary more dramatically than the
average temperature.
If the temperatures during the runoff season — March to July — were cooler than
average, streamflow was higher than expected on the basis
of winter
precipitation alone, the team found.
With an
average annual air temperature
of -2.2 F and an
average precipitation of 3 - 50 mm per year, the McMurdo Dry Valleys
of Antarctica are dominated by dry soils underlain by permafrost.
However, when runoff - season temperatures were above
average, streamflow was less than expected on the basis
of winter
precipitation.
Every ten years the data center calculates new U.S. «climate normals,» or 30 - year
average values, for meteorological elements such as temperature,
precipitation, and heating and cooling degree days for thousands
of U.S. weather stations.
The changes shown in these maps compare an
average of the model projections to the
average temperature and
precipitation benchmarks observed from 1971 - 2000.
Maps
of median TAE
averaged across 23 model simulations for (a) and (b) mean surface air temperature, (c) and (d) highest daily maximum temperature, (e) and (f) lowest daily minimum temperature, (g) and (h) total
precipitation, and (i), (j) maximum 1 - d
precipitation for (a), (c), (e), (g) and (i) June - August and (b), (d), (f), (h) and (j) December - February.
Latvia reported its fifth wettest August on record and second wettest for the 21st century, receiving 178 percent
of the country's long - term
average precipitation.
In France, even with a drier than
average June, total summer (June - August)
precipitation was more than 140 percent
of average, marking one
of the 10 wettest summers since national records began in 1959.
Because the models predict little
average precipitation increase nationwide over this period, the product
of CAPE and
precipitation gives about a 12 percent rise in cloud - to - ground lightning strikes per degree in the contiguous U.S., or a roughly 50 percent increase by 2100 if Earth sees the expected 4 - degree Celsius increase (7 degrees Fahrenheit) in temperature.
With an
average annual
precipitation of more than 10 meters in some locales, slopes sport temperate rainforests and shrubby ecosystems that trap soil before it can wash away to the seas, where its ability to scrub CO2 from the air would cease.
Although the rising
average global surface temperature is an indicator
of the degree
of disruption that we have imposed on the global climate system, what's actually happening involves changes in circulation patterns, changes in
precipitation patterns, and changes in extremes.
As indicated by the June
precipitation percentiles map below, the eastern United States and much
of India were much wetter than
average, with record rainfall across portions
of India.
The work, which covered 1936 - 2010, considered
average monthly temperatures and total monthly
precipitation for the water year (prior October to September) as possible predictors
of annual streamflow.
The August CONUS
precipitation total was slightly below
average and ranked in the driest third
of the historical record.
The end
of summer in the Southern Hemisphere was a dry one for Australia, with February receiving just 49 percent
of average monthly
precipitation, marking the country's 11th driest February on record.
The
average width
of a tree ring is a function
of many variables including the tree species, tree age, stored carbohydrates in the tree, nutrients in the soil, and climatic factors including sunlight,
precipitation, temperature, wind speed, humidity, and even carbon dioxide availability in the atmosphere.
Despite a near -
average winter
precipitation total for California, Oregon, and Washington, the record warmth caused most
of the
precipitation to fall as rain and not snow, which had implications on the drought intensification and water resource crisis during the warm months.
Precipitation for 2015 was 22.5 mm (0.8 inch) below the 1961 — 1990
average of 1,033 mm (40.7 inches).
December rounded out the year with a
precipitation total
of 1.65 inches, 1.42 inch below
average, the fourth driest such month on record.
Much
of the
precipitation that fell across the state during the season was rain and not snow, with much below
average snowpack at the end
of the season.
The October
precipitation total was 135 percent
of average and the 13th wettest on record.
Above -
average precipitation fell across eastern parts
of the state, but below -
average precipitation across western and central parts
of the state resulted in drought expanding during the season.
Regionally, CEI was much above
average in the West and Northwest, due to elevated components
of warm maximum and minimum temperatures, spatial extent
of drought and days with
precipitation.
Most
of the nation had near - to below -
average precipitation during the month.
Over the 121 - year period
of record,
precipitation across the CONUS has increased at an
average rate
of 0.16 inch per decade.
The 3 - month
average CONUS
precipitation of 6.15 inches was 0.64 inch below
average and the 29th driest on record.
Northern and western parts
of Alaska had near -
average annual
precipitation totals, while the eastern and central parts
of the state were wetter and much wetter than
average.
The annual
precipitation total for Alaska is slightly decreasing at an
average rate
of 0.03 inch per decade.
By the end
of the year, that pattern had flipped, with record and near - record temperatures across most
of the East and near - to below -
average temperatures for much
of the West, associated with much needed above
average precipitation across the region.
Figure 3 - 2 shows that
average annual
precipitation is highest west
of the Continental Divide (MT DNRC 2015).
Why It Matters: On
average, atmospheric rivers hit the western United States only a few times each winter, but they transport significant amounts
of moisture that converges in the mountains producing heavy
precipitation.
With
precipitation records dating back to 1947, May 2015 was the driest May on record for the country, with total
average rainfall for the month just 25 percent
of normal.
Above -
average November
precipitation was observed across much
of the Great Plains, Midwest, and Southeast.
In Montana, El Niño winters receive roughly 70 - 90 %
of normal
precipitation, and both winter and summer are warmer than
average (Figures 2 - 5 and 2 - 6)(NWSb undated; Higgins et al. 2007).
Broadly, seasonal
average temperature and
precipitation patterns limit both the length
of the fire season and environmental conditions during the fire season.
Average winter
precipitation has decreased by 0.9 inches (2.3 cm), which can mostly be attributed to natural variability and an increase in El Niño events, especially in the western and central parts
of the state.
The relationship between the following covariates and podoconiosis prevalence was explored: elevation and derived slope; long - term
average of precipitation; enhanced vegetation index (EVI); clay and silt content
of the top soil (0 — 15 cm), and night light - emissivity (see Supplementary File 1).
Northwestern Montana receives an
average of 9.4 inches (23.9 cm)
of winter
precipitation, but locally, and at higher elevations within the mountains, this value can increase to greater than 20 inches (50.8 cm).
ACPI assumes a 1 percent annual increase in the rate
of greenhouse gas concentrations through the year 2100, for little change in
precipitation and an
average temperature increase
of 1.5 to 2 degrees centigrade at least through the middle
of 21st century.
The majority
of models suggest a slight increase in total
average annual
precipitation across the state, largely occurring in spring, particularly in the northwest.
Although WUE was positively correlated with CUE, NPP, and LAI,
average baseline WUE was highest in grassland systems, which also had lower rates
of mean annual NPP,
precipitation, and LAI.