Check out these reports: Oxford University: Calculating the Environmental Impact
of Aviation Emissions Max Planck Institute for Meteorology: Climate forcing
of aviation emissions in high altitudes and comparison of metrics Aircraft Emissions: Contributions of Different Climate Components to Changes in Radiative Forcing
ICAO projections
of aviation emissions and the potential to limit growth.
The US Environmental Protection Agency recently acknowledged the role
of aviation emissions in causing global warming, and said it will develop rules in line with ICAO regulation to reduce emissions from the industry, as it has done for vehicles and power plants.
Historical inventories
of aviation emissions have been produced for 1976 and 1984 by NASA.
Not exact matches
The European Commission has described
aviation as «one
of the fastest - growing sources
of greenhouse gas
emissions.»
In addition, he says the world
of aviation is ready for a new propulsion system that he estimates will have 80 percent lower
emissions and be dramatically quieter than comparable planes.
Greenhouse gas
emissions from the
aviation industry currently total about as much as those
of Germany, not a small amount, and experts say that sum will grow as the world becomes even more mobile.
The shipping sector, along with
aviation, avoided specific
emissions - cutting targets in a global climate pact agreed in Paris at the end
of 2015, which aims to limit a global average rise in temperature to «well below» 2 degrees Celsius from 2020.
With an ultimate feedstock capacity
of one million barrels a day and «near net zero»
emissions, the refinery would produce high - margin products such as kerosene and
aviation fuel for the Asian market.
They call for a strengthening
of the EU
emissions trading scheme (ETS), including its expansion to new sectors such as
aviation, a tightening
of the carbon
emissions allowed to each industry, and even an expansion
of the scheme beyond Europe.
But with environmental concerns about the negative impact
of aviation on carbon
emissions growing, the tension between maintaining Britain's prominence as an air transport hub and its green credentials has never been stronger.
Steve Webb, Liberal Democrat energy and climate change spokesman, said: «If the Department for Transport continues to allow unchecked airport expansion we could find that growth in
aviation will gobble up all
of the available
emissions, forcing the rest
of the economy to make even more drastic cuts.»
Disregarding the
aviation certificates, multipliying the total with 1/0.45 results in a conservative estimate
of a total
emission of 100 billion tons
of CO2.
The report accepts minister's efforts to include
aviation in the EU
emissions trading scheme, where firms would be given a certain allocation
of carbon credits to buy and sell on the open market, but warns this is still «years away».
«The government must commit the UK to an 80 per cent cut in carbon dioxide
emissions by 2050, and include Britain's share
of international shipping and
aviation emissions.»
Soon after the delay to the decision was announced by Hoon last Christmas, the Miliband and Benn camps both contacted the Institute for Public Policy Research, over a pamphlet by Simon Retallack, the IPPR's head
of climate change, arguing that the third runway should not go ahead unless the government required aircraft using it to meet the
aviation industry's own targets to cut carbon dioxide
emissions and noise in new aircraft by 50 % and nitrogen oxides by 80 % by 2020.
The
aviation industry produces 2 percent
of global human - induced carbon dioxide
emissions.
The technology could also supply a source
of renewable jet fuel required by recent European Union
aviation emission regulations.
Add a dollop
of 53.8 kilograms
of CO2 for the jet jaunt to Durban and you can see that the
aviation industry — and the Durban climate talks — have an
emissions problem.
«The E.U. including
aviation under the cap [
of its
emissions trading program] is a major incentive.»
Most studies so far have focused on how
aviation may affect global warming (aircraft comprise about 2 percent
of global greenhouse - gas
emissions), not vice versa.
One rough draft urged the «reduction
of greenhouse gas
emissions from international
aviation and marine bunker fuels,» according to Transport & Environment, a Brussels - headquartered advocacy group.
«Global efforts to stay well below 2 degrees [Celsius
of warming], and especially 1.5 degrees, will be severely compromised if international
aviation and shipping
emissions continue to increase,» Mark Lutes, senior global climate policy adviser at the World Wide Fund for Nature's global climate and energy initiative, said by email.
After years
of procrastination, the
aviation industry is set to agree to cap its
emissions from 2020.
«If, as in the past, the ambition
of these sectors continues to fall behind efforts in other sectors and if action to combat climate change is further postponed, their
emission shares in global CO2
emissions may rise substantially to 22 percent for international
aviation and 17 percent for maritime transport by 2050,» the report said.
Taken together, he explained,
emissions from the
aviation and shipping industries represent about 5 percent
of humanity's total
emissions — the approximate equivalent
of the collective carbon footprint from the planet's least - polluting 164 nations, he explained.
(1) continue to actively promote, within the International Civil
Aviation Organization, the development
of a global framework for the regulation
of greenhouse gas
emissions from civil aircraft that recognizes the uniquely international nature
of the industry and treats commercial
aviation industries in all countries fairly; and
«The draft text
of the Paris Agreement has removed reference to international shipping and
aviation emissions — two sectors that each contribute currently about the same amount
of CO2 as Germany, and where CO2
emissions are anticipated to grow to 2050.
International
aviation accounts for approximately half a billion tonnes
of carbon dioxide
emissions a year and has an even wider impact on the climate from other (non-CO2)
emissions.
By that stage CO2
emissions from international
aviation could exceed those
of Japan, currently the world's fifth largest emitter.
They appear to be related to differences in interpretation
of INDCs, assumptions about other countries, level
of disaggregation for small countries, choice
of global warming potentials to compute carbon dioxide equivalent
emissions, treatment
of emissions related to land use, and treatment
of international
aviation and maritime shipping.
Almost two decades later, in 2016, following the landmark Paris Agreement and the inclusion
of aviation in the EU's
emissions trading system, ICAO adopted the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International
Aviation, or CORSIA.
A deal this fall to cap carbon
emissions from global
aviation at 2020 levels must be enforceable and set long - term goals in line with the 2015 Paris agreement on climate change, a coalition
of environmental groups said.
887 GtCO ₂ is the
emissions from burning 285.6 Gt
of kerosene (e.g.,
aviation fuel, home heating oil or the like, approximating that as C ₁₂ H ₂₆ and not dramatically different for diesel or petrol / gasoline).
Ignorance and inaction is an appealing reaction to complexity, but we need to act before
aviation gobbles up more
of the increasingly small wriggle - room for
emission cuts.
For example, farming accounts for almost 30 per cent
of the globe's greenhouse gas
emissions either directly (for example, rice production has the same
emission levels as the global
aviation industry) or indirectly through deforestation.
According to the most recent data available, in 2014, highway and
aviation congestion cost the U.S. economy about $ 160 billion in lost time, productivity, and fuel and the transportation sector produced 26 %
of all U.S. greenhouse gas
emissions (second to electricity production).
Indonesia's Volcano Observatory Notice for
Aviation raised its
aviation colour code from orange to red, indicating a further eruption with significant
emission of volcanic ash into the atmosphere was imminent.
Aimed at curbing the growing climate impact
of plane travel, it calls for international
aviation to address and offset its
emissions through the reduction
of emissions elsewhere, outside
of the international
aviation sector.
The International Civil
Aviation Organisation (ICAO) heralded the agreement in October,
of a new global market - based measure to control carbon
emissions from international
aviation, as an «historic agreement».
We emphasize the importance
of expeditious discussions in the International Civil
Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the International Maritime Organization (IMO) for limiting or reducing GHG
emissions in the international
aviation and maritime sectors, bearing in mind the distinct processes under the UNFCCC toward an agreed outcome for the post-2012 period.
887 GtCO ₂ is the
emissions from burning 285.6 Gt
of kerosene (e.g.,
aviation fuel, home heating oil or the like, approximating that as C ₁₂ H ₂₆ and not dramatically different for diesel or petrol / gasoline).
I've periodically highlighted other innovative efforts to build understanding with imagery, including a dynamic map
of United States carbon dioxide
emissions and a mesmerizing portrait
of 24 hours
of aviation in North America.
Point five addresses bringing people out
of poverty and calls for putting «an end to the fossil fuel era, phasing out fossil fuel
emissions, including
emissions from military
aviation and shipping and providing affordable, reliable and safe renewable energy access for all.»
The results from Kigali on HFCs as well as the recent outcome on
aviation emissions shows that governments are taking the objective
of the Paris Agreement seriously.
Hence, the global
aviation sector must have both zero CO2
emissions and zero non-CO2 effects on the climate by the end
of the century.
National governments, subnational governments, the
aviation industry, international institutions, the private sector, and civil society must do more to harness viable technological and policy solutions to sharply reduce the sector's
emissions by 2050 and fully decarbonize within the second half
of the century.
Manfred Treber, senior adviser climate / transport, Germanwatch said: «The Kyoto Protocol adopted in 1997 had stated that the International Civil
Aviation Organisation (ICAO) should pursue the limitation or reduction
of emissions of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol from international
aviation, the IMO should do this for
emissions from marine bunker fuels.
While current policy measures set by governments are a step forward to addressing
aviation's runaway
emissions, they are woefully insufficient to achieve necessary levels
of deep decarbonization within the sector.
Examples
of this type
of action include making decisions in the Montreal Protocol to reduce HFCs and getting the International Civil
Aviation Organization (ICAO) to address
emissions from the
aviation sector.