«They are the first to provide compelling observational evidence for these objects being the remnants
of bigger galaxies,» says Elena Gallo at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor.
Supermassive black holes have a mass of more than 1 million suns, and are thought to be at the center
of all big galaxies.
It may have even provided the seeds for the supermassive black holes that seem to anchor
all of the big galaxies.
Since big black holes tend to reside at the cores
of big galaxies, the huge masses of these two compact galaxies» black holes — about 4 to 6 million times as massive as our sun — are the strongest indication that the dwarf galaxies are not traditional dwarfs and the black holes are not overweight.
Not exact matches
A spiral
galaxy (same goes for a spherical planet, a
galaxy cluster, a comet) is shaped by forces
big and small that rely on the physical properties
of matter, energy, dark energy, and dark matter.
This «hole in space» is a 300 million light year gap in the distribution
of galaxies, has taken cosmologists by surprise, not because it exists, but because it is so
big.
Because this survey pertains to such a small piece
of the sky, the implications are staggering: if the region
of sky demarked by the «bowl»
of the
Big Dipper were surveyed to the same depth, it would contain about 32 million
galaxies!»
The common «creation story» emerging from the fields
of astrophysics, biology, and scientific cosmology makes small any myth
of creation from the various religious traditions: some ten billion or so years ago the universe began from a
big bang exploding the «matter,» which was infinitesimally small and infinitely dense, outward to create the untold number
of galaxies of which our tiny planet is but one blip on the screen.
All her arguments have already been made on the basis
of Big Bang evidence (relation between the distance and speed
of galaxies, nucleosynthesis, etc.).
Then light was liberated, and then gravity created the first stars and
galaxies, then billions
of years later, a local star went supernova and seeded the local nebula with heavier elements, elements necessary for life, elements that were not created during the
Big Bang, then the sun was born, then the planets coalesced, and billions
of years later some primate wrote a story about how the Earth was created at the same time as the rest
of the universe, getting it wrong because that primate did not have the science nor technology to really understand what happened, so he gave it his best guess, most likely an iteration
of an older story told prior to the advent
of the Judeo Christian religion.
The
big bang theory is part
of physics and cosmology, and only explains why the
galaxies appear to all be moving away from the same central point.
The
big bang has likely happened many times, just as there are multiple planets supporting life just in our arm
of the
galaxy.
Recently, an attempt has been made to tackle quantum gravity in the first moments after the
Big Bang [cf New Scientist (online): «
Galaxies could give a glimpse
of the instant time began», 31 October 2012 by Stephen Battersby].
The simplified model
of the
Big Bang has the universe beginning with a «singularity», a sort
of dot that contained the seeds
of everything: electrons, atoms,
galaxies, etc..
If what you interpret Paul as saying is that before creating all the myriad
galaxies and star systems God decided that They would put some humans on the third planet from an insignificant star on a little arm
of a middling
galaxy and that the first hominids chosen role would be to perform pretty much to spec and do something silly and rebellious (arguably without sufficient information as to consequences for themselves and their off spring, oh, and for serpents) and cause affront to the tripartite godhead warranting separation
of Gods grace from all their offspring; then we are left with people being chosen from way back before the
Big Bang to do some terrible things like killing babies or betraying Jesus who was chosen on the same non date (time didn't exist before creation) to die in a fairly nasty fashion and thereby appease the righteous wrath
of himself and his fellow Trinitarians by paying a penalty as a substitute for all future sins (
of believers?)
What I was merely doing is taking where we are at right now and actually expanding on that — supposition: it is possible that this collection
of billions
of galaxies may be part
of billions
of Big Bangs, which could be part
of the «universe» which is part
of billions
of universes, which is part
of a multiverse, which is part
of billions
of multiverses... on and on and on...
Earth is part
of our solar system, our solar system is a very small neighborhood in a spiral arm
of our
galaxy, our
galaxy is one
of the smaller
of the billions
of galaxies that are the residue
of the
Big Bang - this is where we are at right now... using several different types
of telescopes analyzing several types
of radiation and using our mathematics to calculate distortions in light waves to calculate dimensions, distance and mass — doing this we can generate a physical picture
of what is actually happening our there.
Once there was no universe and then, after the
Big Bang, there was an exploding world
of stars and
galaxies.
Since this «
Big Bang»
galaxies, stars and planets have gradually congealed out
of the gases released by that unique and momentous cosmic event.
The «Let there be light» easily could reference the
Big Bang, then out
of the void etc is the
galaxies and planets forming.
With all our knowledge,
big brains, university degrees and amazing (to us) technology, consider than we dwell on a damp little planet, in an ordinary solar system, in the boonies
of a very ordinary spiral
galaxy which is composed
of billions
of stars, millions
of which are much, much larger than our sun.
We've recently become vegan, and as someone with the
biggest sweet tooth and a former whole bar
of galaxy in a sitting kind
of girl.
While peering through one
of the clusters, Abell 2744, astronomers recently found a candidate for one
of the most distant
galaxies known, a toddler growing up about 500 million years after the
Big Bang.
And putting together a census
of binary supermassive black holes from the early universe, he adds, might help researchers understand what role (if any) these dark duos had in shaping
galaxies during the billion or so years following the
Big Bang.
The gravity from all that mass redirects any light that tries to sneak past, bending and focusing it, creating
bigger and brighter images
of galaxies far beyond the cluster.
«
Biggest ever simulations help uncover the history
of the
galaxy.»
A smooth - universe approximation is sensible, because when we look at the
big picture, averaging over the structures
of galaxy clusters and voids, the universe is remarkably uniform.
At the time, Schmidt thought he had a pretty good handle on the evolution
of the cosmos: It began in a tiny fireball
of energy — the
Big Bang — and had expanded outward ever since, carrying
galaxies and supernovae along for the ride.
Over the last few years, Hubble has given us views
of infant
galaxies as they were just 500 million years after the
Big Bang, allowing cosmologists to see how quickly the raw materials from the newborn universe coalesced into stars and then
galaxies and then clusters
of galaxies.
One finalist, the Spectro - Photometer for the History
of the Universe, Epoch
of Reionization, and Ices Explorer (SPHEREx), will map
galaxies across a large volume
of the universe to find out what drove inflation, a pulse
of impossibly fast expansion just after the
big bang.
From there they built a convincing case that Sagittarius A * was in fact a black hole — the
biggest one in the
galaxy, with a mass 4.3 million times that
of the sun and a diameter
of about 25 million kilometers.
Many other potential applications
of this dataset are explored in the series
of papers, and they include studying the role
of faint
galaxies during cosmic reionisation (starting just 380,000 years after the
Big Bang),
galaxy merger rates when the Universe was young, galactic winds, star formation as well as mapping the motions
of stars in the early Universe.
From exoplanet atmospheres to the dynamics
of galaxies to the stretch marks left by the
big bang, the three finalists in a $ 250 million astrophysics mission competition would tackle questions spanning all
of space and time.
They found that the mass in the central bulge (regardless
of how
big the disk surrounding it may be) is the key to knowing the colour
of the whole
galaxy.
Completed in 1980 but operational before then, the VLA was behind the discoveries
of water ice on Mercury; the complex region surrounding Sagittarius A *, the black hole at the core
of the Milky Way
galaxy; and it helped astronomers identify a distant
galaxy already pumping out stars less than a billion years after the
big bang.
But in January, astronomers used optical and infrared telescopes to look back nearly to the beginning
of the universe, just 1.5 billion years after the
Big Bang, where they saw newborn ellipticals — ancient
galaxies so dusty they're nearly invisible.
They probed more deeply than ever before and revealed a menagerie
of galaxies dating back to less than a billion years after the
Big Bang.
This new finding fills in a long - missing piece in the puzzle representing our
galaxy's chemical evolution, and is a
big step forward for astronomers trying to understand the amounts
of different chemical elements in stars in the Milky Way.
Following the
big bang, if the expansion
of space had overwhelmed the pull
of gravity in the newborn universe, stars,
galaxies and humans would never have formed
The subsequent sequence
of events echoes the
Big Bang model: Lumps
of gas give rise to
galaxies and other cosmic structures, and space continues to expand.
Computer modeling
of the gravitational dynamics among
galaxies in a cluster suggest that
galaxies as
big as our Milky Way are the likely candidates as the source
of the stars.
It is one
of the
biggest in our
galaxy, and may offer insight into how these objects can grow so
big.
Something unseeable and far
bigger than anything in the known universe is hauling a group
of galaxies towards it at inexplicable speed
Each magnet must be kept at — 456 degrees Fahrenheit — colder than the void between
galaxies — requiring CERN to build the world's
biggest cryogenic system to handle the 185,000 gallons
of liquid helium that will be used to chill the magnets.
Minchin views this dark
galaxy not as an anomaly but as perhaps a crucially important piece
of evidence confirming current theories about how orderly structures — including bright
galaxies like our own — emerged from the formlessness
of the
Big Bang.
Along with the familiar cosmic microwave background — the afterglow
of the
big bang — the distant universe is suffused with an infrared background, thought to come from
galaxies and stars too faint and far away to see.
Ellis, his PhD student Dan Stark and their colleagues trained one
of the world's
biggest telescopes, the Keck 2 atop Hawaii's Mauna Kea, to scan light grazing massive clusters
of closer
galaxies [see image above], which focused the light coming from more ancient
galaxies behind them and magnified it 20 times in a process called gravitational lensing.
Because the
galaxy is only 2.5 million light - years from Earth, it is a much
bigger target in the sky than the myriad
galaxies Hubble routinely photographs that are billions
of light - years away.
About 500 million years after the
Big Bang, one
of the first
galaxies in the universe formed, containing stars
of about the same mass as the sun — which can live for 10 billion years — as well as lighter stars.
How could — due to a breaking
of symmetry — matter, and thus stars and
galaxies, be created from an originally symmetrical universe in which the same conditions prevailed everywhere shortly after the
Big Bang?