«This study and others make us a bit skeptical of the notion that the long - term effects
of blast injury to the brain are somehow unique.
Not exact matches
Hospital officials said only one
of the injured was seriously hurt, with what was described as a
blast injury.
A series
of leg
injuries caused him to miss 56 games, but he still led the Brewers in homers, with 20, and
blasted three grand slams.
However, his conditioning became an issue — coach Mike Martz publicly
blasted Crouch for showing up to training camp out
of shape — when a string
of injuries limited his availability in practice.
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Moyes was delighted to call upon Arnautovic after he recovered from a hamstring
injury, and further signs
of his blossoming relationship with Lanzini were on show for West Ham's fourth as the Austrian winger spun Schindler on the touchline before allowing Lanzini to take the ball off his toes to cut inside and
blast his second into the roof
of the net.
FDNY Commissioner Daniel Nigro said that 29 people were injured in the
blast, most
of them suffering minor
injuries with one serious.
Seven people were confirmed dead in the aftermath
of the
blast, while 132 people sustained varying degrees
of injury.
While acknowledging that
blast might cause more severe or extreme brain
injury than other forms
of TBI, she believes that structurally and physiologically the
injuries are similar.
Nina Sayer, a psychologist and the director
of Department
of Veterans Affairs research into polytrauma and
blast - related
injuries for returning veterans, says that if the United States wins overseas but fails to care for its soldiers back home, it's a hollow victory, indeed.
In contrast to the brain
injury groups, 59 percent
of the
blast - without - head -
injury group experienced moderate to severe disability as did 41 percent
of the group that had experienced no
blasts and no head
injuries.
Of these, 53 had mild traumatic brain
injury involving an explosion and 29 had mild traumatic brain
injury unrelated to a
blast.
«This may suggest an additive effect, where
blast exposure and combat exposure combined have some effect, and brain
injury on top
of that has additional influence on PTSD and other outcome measures,» Brody said.
Both groups
of veterans who were near an explosion, regardless
of whether they had TBI symptoms, showed a significant amount
of injury compared to the veterans not exposed to a
blast.
The scientists compared that tissue with brain tissue samples from three young amateur American football players and a professional wrestler, all
of whom had a history
of repetitive concussive
injury, and with four samples from comparably aged control subjects with no history
of blast exposure, concussive
injury or neurological disease.
Most plastic surgery cases involved the limbs, reflecting the high rate
of injuries caused by
blasts from improvised explosive devices (IEDs)-- the «signature wounding mechanism»
of the war in Afghanistan, according to the authors.
The number
of veterans at risk is large: traumatic brain
injury caused by explosive
blasts is thought to afflict about 20 percent
of the 2.3 million servicemen and women deployed in combat since 2001, according to a team
of researchers from Boston University, New York Medical College and the Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System.
The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have produced a horrific type
of medical trauma known as the «dismounted complex
blast injury» (DCBI).
The discussion also covers the management
of common long - term complications such as heterotopic ossification, in which solid masses
of bone begin growing inappropriately within soft tissues near
blast injury sites, and the formation
of blood clots in the extremities and lungs, which occurs at a high rate in DCBI survivors.
«Rapamycin treatment prevents crippling abnormal bone formation after severe limb
injuries: Significant benefits seen after treatment with FDA - approved drug in rodent model
of blast - related limb
injury hold promise for first effective treatment to prevent trauma - induced heterotopic ossification (HO) formation.»
«Our research should stimulate renewed clinical interest in developing glucocorticoid therapies to treat
blast - induced traumatic brain
injury (bTBI) and other disorders
of the central nervous system,» Morrison says.
«Critically ill bomb -
blast patients needed quick assessments
of their
injuries, which had the most devastating effects to the lower limbs.»
Working in Morrison's Neurotrauma and Repair Laboratory at Columbia Engineering, the team developed a
blast injury model using a shock tube and custom - designed sample receiver to simulate a primary
blast event and applied it to an isolated, living model
of the BBB that consisted
of brain endothelial cells.
Barclay Morrison III, associate professor
of biomedical engineering at Columbia Engineering, has led the first study to determine underlying biological mechanisms that promote functional recovery
of the blood - brain barrier (BBB) after
blast injury.
«We were the first to use our
blast injury model to precisely control the biomechanical initiators
of injury and measure subsequent changes to BBB function more directly than in vivo.»
The force
of the
blast then blows an individual against an object, like a wall or a roof, causing blunt trauma to the head.Finally, in response to these
injuries, the brain releases a metabolic cascade
of neurochemicals that have a toxic effect on brain tissue.Reyes had no penetrating fragments; he experienced three
of the four
blast insults.
There are four types
of blast trauma
injury: 1) primary
injury caused directly by the pressure wave, which can travel through tissue at velocities close to that
of sound in water, 2) secondary
injury caused by objects put in motion by the
blast, 3) tertiary
injury caused by an individual thrown into motion by the
blast and hitting surrounding objects, and 4) quaternary
injury caused by burns, explosion - related
injuries, illnesses and diseases not attributed to the other three
blast trauma types.
The approach, based on Nobel - Prize winning techniques, could illuminate the illness, in which muscles and tendons progressively turn into bone, and addresses the similar destructive process that afflicts a growing number
of veterans who have suffered
blast injuries — including traumatic amputations or
injuries to the brain and nervous system.
Radovitzky says this reasoning stems from studies
of «
blast lung» —
blast - induced
injuries such as tearing, hemorrhaging, and swelling
of the lungs, where it was found that mass matters: The larger an animal is, the more resilient it may be to lung damage.
In general, they found that an animal's skull and other fleshy structures act as a shield, blunting the effects
of a
blast wave: The thicker these structures are, the less vulnerable an animal is to
injury.
«New scaling law helps estimate humans» risk
of blast - induced traumatic brain
injury.»
The lack
of knowledge about how an explosive
blast injures the brain has hampered efforts to treat these
injuries.
Most
of these
injuries have resulted from
blasts from roadside bombs and other explosives planted by insurgents.
The inert gas has been used for the first time to try and reduce the impact
of traumatic brain
injuries (TBI) caused by
blasts such as those in conflict zones and terror attacks.
A team
of brain
injury experts led by researchers at the VA Puget Sound Health Care System and the University
of Washington have found that the more
blasts veterans are exposed to, the more they show chronic changes in neuron activity in specific brain regions.
«Another area
of application for this framework would be the simulation
of tissue
injuries caused by extreme events such as
blasts, car crashes and sport collisions.»
Unlike blunt force trauma, where damage /
injury is usually localised to one area
of the brain,
blasts create a shockwave that affects the whole brain — causing widespread damage.
«There is a huge gulf separating our understanding
of what kind
of brain
injuries develop because
of mild
blast and how they relate to the neuroimaging changes many research groups have detected,» said Dr. David Cook, VA scientist and UW research associate professor
of medicine and pharmacology «The similarities we see in the pattern
of neuron
injury in the cerebellum
of mice, the neuron loss previously seen in boxers, and our neuroimaging findings in veterans is a step toward reducing this knowledge gap.»
That's analogous to what we're seeing in the DTI scans
of brains
of those with
blast injuries.»
«Our conclusion is that
blast - related ear
injuries constitute a major source
of ongoing morbidity following the bombings.
The supernova
blast waves,
of course, just add insult to
injury.»
A soldier — or a civilian — can survive the
blast without a single penetrating wound and still receive the worst diagnosis: traumatic brain
injury, or TBI, the signature
injury of the Iraq War.
In soldiers who survive traumatic brain
injury from
blast exposure, pituitary dysfunction after their
blast injury may be an important, under - recognized, and potentially treatable source
of their symptoms, a new study finds.
Researchers from the University
of Maryland School
of Medicine (UMSOM) and the University
of Maryland A. James Clark School
of Engineering have developed a new military vehicle shock absorbing device that may protect troops from traumatic brain
injury (TBI) after a land mine
blast.
Because multiple symptoms common with
blast traumatic brain
injury are also seen with growth hormone and testosterone deficiencies, perhaps treating these hormone deficiencies will help improve the symptom burden and quality
of life for these veterans,» said lead study author Jeffrey S. Taylor, MD, endocrinology fellow at Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center in Richmond, Virginia.
Other projects that use stem cells include the development
of cell therapies to improve functional recovery after compartment syndrome, a condition associated with
blast injuries that can cause tissue death and amputation.
One particular project that I am very proud
of is development
of an approach to reduce damage to the eyes
of Members
of the Armed Forces who encounter
blast trauma
injuries in the combat theater, a project supported by the US Army.
Blast injury due to improvised explosive devices was the representative
injury of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.
According to a new study in JAMA Neurology, U.S. military service members who endured a mild concussion after
blast injury while deployed in Iraq or Afghanistan may continue to experience mental health symptoms as well as decreases in quality
of life for at least five years after their
injury.
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