Sentences with phrase «of brain cell connections»

Neuroscientists have documented that the earliest days, weeks and months of life are a period of unparalleled growth when trillions of brain cell connections are made.

The researchers, chiefly from the Broad Institute, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, found that a person's risk of schizophrenia is dramatically increased if they inherit variants of a gene important to «synaptic pruning» — the healthy reduction during adolescence of brain cell connections that are no longer needed.

The research effort he directs focuses on entirely new compounds that might slow the loss of brain cell connections, which may play a role in schizophrenia biology.

Not exact matches

That's because the brain is involved, and — as an astoundingly complex network of 100 billion cells and their 100 trillion connections — the organ does not easily loose its secrets.

Maybe one day someone may construct an exact copy of the millions of cells in the brain with billions of connections with microchips and whatever, then set electronic currents flowing.

A newborn baby has over 2 billion brain cells, but connections between these brain cells have not yet been developed and will constitute the majority of the 75 percent of the brain left to grow after birth (Sunderland, 2006).

Although infants have most of the brain cells they need for learning when they are born, the cells still need to form connections.

After a baby is born, there continues to be a building of important brain cell connections and the introduction of stimulants like sound, color, touch and toys greatly enhances that development.

The problem is that they have a lack of Synapses (brain cell connections).

«Exposure to different sounds and scenes is essentially what helps establish connections from one set of neurons — the nerve cells of the brain — to another.

The authors of the study referenced in the article found there was no causal connection between light and cell division in the brain of mice if they had artificial light shined at them at one - hour intervals.

Disruptions to the ability of developing brain cells to form branching connections with other cells, using a specific microRNA — miR - 9, was associated with an increase in the strength of fear - related memories in adulthood.

Their brains differed in the activity of over a hundred genes that provide cells with energy, influence chemical communications in the brain and strengthen the connection between nerve cells.

About five years ago, a team of Stanford University scientists set out to determine how the developing brain establishes its final set of synapses, connections through which cells of the nervous system communicate with one another and with nonneural cells.

Scientists have discovered why a single mutated protein can lead to serious mental retardation in men with a common genetic disorder called fragile - X syndrome: The healthy protein is essential for establishing during childhood the adult pattern of connections between nerve cells in the brain.

Unfortunately, many of these connections will be to wrong areas, parts of the brain where the ganglion cell doesn't need to go.

She found that cells born early reach for many areas of the brain and make lots of connections.

In a human brain, 85 billion nerve cells communicate via trillions of connections using complex patterns of electrical jolts and more than 100 different chemicals.

Last month, researchers led by Beth Stevens of Boston Children's Hospital reported that a process in which microglia prune excess synapses in the brain during early life can turn on inappropriately later on, possibly triggering Alzheimer's or other disorders marked by damage to connections between brain cells.

First she deprived juveniles of vision in one eye so that the corresponding brain cells failed to make connections; once the mice reached maturity, they were put in a water maze that required them to recognize a pattern of fine lines to find a floating platform.

Steve: And that the thickness is networks of nerve cells joining together and then the thinness is discarding of some of those connections when the brain figures out they don't need them.

«It was like neighborhoods of nerve cells in the eye were placing phone calls to the brain to check connections,» Shatz recalls.

The researchers used a technique called laser scanning photostimulation to map the connections between individual subplate neuron cells in the brains of the mouse pups.

GLP - 1 receptors are also found in the brain, and prior research has shown that activating them can boost the function of dopamine connections, act as an anti-inflammatory, improve energy production, and switch on cell survival signals.

Modha's new chips contain silicon components that crudely mimic the physical layout of, and connections between, microscopic carbon - based brain cells.

USE it or lose it: a class of immune cell demolishes idle circuits and connections in the brain, even a healthy one.

By examining the brains of bees trained to different tasks, the researchers found that the number of connections between nerve cells may hold the answer to questions about individual cognitive differences.

But in the case of synapses, which are the connections between brain cells, too many or too few can both disrupt brain function.

«Severe stress affects the size of the structures in the brain, causes cell death, and affects the number of connections between brain cells,» observes Kalin.

And that could influence the progression of Alzheimer's, he adds, by influencing how brain cells react to the loss of connections between neurons that accompanies the disease.

Kenyon cells make up only about 4 % of the entire fly brain and are extremely sensitive to inputs triggered by odors, in which only two connections between neurons, called synapses, separate them from the receptor cells at the «front end» of the olfactory system.

Variants of a protein that helps snip connections between nerve cells in the brain may contribute to the disorder, scientists report January 27 in Nature.

At a symposium at The American Society of Human Genetics here last month, they reported zooming in on the genes expressed in a single brain cell, as well as panning out to understand how genes foster connections among far - flung brain regions.

A renowned neuroscientist sees ideas of selection as describing the honing of connections among brain cells.

Instead, it's the largest map to date of the connections between brain cells — in this case, about 200 from a mouse's visual cortex.

She hopes to pinpoint which genes are expressed in each cell type when brain cells make long distance connections, and to make similar maps in other primates to chart what changed as brains rewired over the course of evolution.

His work suggests that deep - brain stimulation — whether electrical or optical — may be most effective when it targets not the neurons themselves but the connections between cells, thereby affecting the flow of activity between brain regions.

The report highlights the need for cheaper, faster technologies that can trace connections between individual brain cells and record large networks of cells acting in synchrony.

And the images he's creating are part of an ambitious attempt to understand how the connections between those brain cells give rise to the mind.

«Synapse discovery could lead to new treatments for Alzheimer's disease: Scientists have discovered how connections between brain cells are destroyed in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease.»

Mapping the structure of the human brain is a daunting task: Billions of cells make vast numbers of connections, and tracing these tangled fibers is so labor - intensive that analyzing just one square millimeter of tissue takes years.

A new in vitro model Scientists developed a new research tool for this study that enabled them to monitor the spread of Tau aggregates whilst changing the synaptic connections between brain cells.

Researchers from Hiroki Taniguchi's lab at the Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience (MPFI) published a study in eNeuro in May 2017 showing for the first time that a unique type of inhibitory interneuron called chandelier cells — which are implicated in several diseases affecting the brain such as schizophrenia and epilepsy — seem to develop their connections differently than other types of neurons.

While most researchers use Brainbow to visualize connections between nerve cells in the brain, Alain Chédotal of the Institut de la Vision in

A team of researchers led by UNSW Australia scientists has discovered how connections between brain cells are destroyed in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease — work that opens up a new avenue for research on possible treatments for the degenerative brain condition.

Almost all theories of memory propose that memory storage depends on synapses, the tiny connections between brain cells.

There are more than a trillion cells called neurons that form a labyrinth of connections in our brains.

«This study suggests that amyloid deposition in the gray matter affects the associated white matter connections, which are essential for conducting messages across the billions of nerve cells in the brain, allowing for all aspects of mental function.»

The team, led by Stephen Liberles, Harvard Medical School associate professor of cell biology, has effectively deconstructed the vagus nerve, a key connection between body and brain that is important because it controls not only breathing but also heart rate, feeding behavior and responses to illness.

The substance, which naturally supports brain cells throughout life, also amplified the numbers of connections, or synapses, between neurons.