Sentences with phrase «of caesium»

Iodine - 131's half - life is 8 days, so it is so not worrying as the releases of Caesium 137, which has a 30 year half life.

(source) There are some fish on the West coast being tested for radiation that have traces of caesium, indicating that they had been exposed at Fukushima.

Small amounts of caesium - 134, caesium - 137, and iodine - 131 were released into the environment during nearly all nuclear weapon tests and some nuclear accidents, and are not otherwise produced in nature.

For now, the most accurate definition of a second is the amount of time it takes a group of caesium atoms to swing between states 9,192,631,770 times.

The frequency is about 518 trillion oscillations per second — almost 60,000 times that of caesium (Science, doi.org/nj9 >).

Buesseler says that during his own sampling survey in waters 30 to 600 kilometres from Fukushima in June 2011, three months after the meltdown, the highest levels he found were 3 Bq of caesium - 137 per litre of seawater.

He points out that the north Pacific contains an estimated 100,000 TBq of caesium - 137 from H - bomb testing in the 1960s, so the fallout from Fukushima is adding only a fraction of that.

The daily amount of caesium - 137 released from Fukushima Daiichi is around 60 per cent of the amount released from Chernobyl.

The Sacramento readings suggest it has emitted 5 × 1015 becquerels of caesium - 137 per day; Chernobyl put out 8.5 × 1016 in total — around 70 per cent more per day.

After the 1986 Chernobyl accident, the level of caesium contamination at which evacuation was mandatory was 1.48 MBq / m2.

In the 1990s, a team led by Nobel laureate Steven Chu made an «atomic fountain» of caesium atoms, launching them 30...

They exploit the fact that an atom of caesium, or some other element, emits visible light or microwaves when one of its electrons drops from a high energy state to a lower one.

Using an interferometer, the team split a beam of caesium atoms into two.

Wheat leaves that were open at the time of the greatest fallout were heavily contaminated, with combined levels of caesium - 134 and caesium - 137 ranging from thousands to about 1 million Bq kg - 1.

In October 2004, the first quantum memory component was built from a string of caesium atoms.

Not exact matches

The second is currently defined by caesium atomic clocks, but optical clocks promise higher precision because their atoms oscillate at the frequencies of light rather than in the microwave band, so they can slice time into smaller intervals.

This is fissile, and splits into lighter fragments, including isotopes such as caesium - 137, with a half - life of 30 years, and strontium - 90, with a 25 - year half - life.

Others aren't so sure: the two highest caesium hotspots also carried 45 MBq / m2 and 57 MBq / m2, respectively, of iodine - 131, and others also had high levels of iodine - 131.

The Chernobyl accident emitted much more radioactivity and a wider diversity of radioactive elements than Fukushima Daiichi has so far, but it was iodine and caesium that caused most of the health risk — especially outside the immediate area of the Chernobyl plant, says Malcolm Crick, secretary of a United Nations body that has just reviewed the health effects of Chernobyl.

Caesium is absorbed by muscles, where its half - life of 30 years means that it remains until it is excreted by the body.

Similarly, says Wotawa, caesium - 137 emissions are on the same order of magnitude as at Chernobyl.

Japan's damaged nuclear plant in Fukushima has been emitting radioactive iodine and caesium at levels approaching those seen in the aftermath of the Chernobyl accident in 1986.

A new generation of atomic tickers, known as optical clocks, have just wrested the record for accuracy from the ensembles of oscillating caesium atoms that held it for half a century.

Research at the Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research in Aberystwyth has found that spreading certain minerals over contaminated land can fix caesium in the soil, preventing plants from taking it up.

The pair hit two caesium atoms with rapid pulses of laser light.

Caesium atoms contain electrons that orbit a nucleus, and it is possible for the direction of an electron's spin to become entangled with that of the nucleus's spin.

Ken Buesseler of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts says Kanda's estimate is probably the best he is aware of, and closely matches figures released on 21 August by Tepco, of between 0.1 and 0.6 TBq per month for caesium - 137 and 0.1 to 0.3 for strontium.

Caesium - 137 has a half - life of 30 years and, he says, if no action is taken, government controls on sheep grazing the affected areas will have to stay «for the foreseeable future».

After filtering to remove radioactive caesium, Tepco stores the water — huge volumes of it — in 1060 tanks, each holding up to 1000 tonnes.

Jessen's team searched for signs of chaos within a set of cooled caesium atoms, using them as the quantum equivalent of an everyday object that displays chaotic behaviour — a child's spinning top.

Ruff, who was in Paris last week as part of a last - ditch attempt by members of International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War to stop the tests, says that 60 underground tests have been carried out by the French since the 1983 scientific visit and that in 1987 scientists found caesium - 137 on Mururoa.

And because hydrogen molecules consist of just a handful of particles, compared with the larger caesium atoms used in atomic clocks, it would be easier to do theoretical calculations and compare them with real experiments, the team says.

The two clocks, one based on caesium atoms and the other on hydrogen, will communicate with a network of clocks back on Earth to compare performance across continents at a level that is equivalent to 10 trillionths of a second.

Opponents of the tests have warned that potentially harmful radioisotopes, especially caesium - 137, strontium - 90 and plutonium isotopes, will leach from rocks fractured by the blasts.

Swiss and German researchers have analysed Burgundy truffles collected in central Europe and found they contain only negligible amounts of radioactive caesium, being safe for consumption.

Most atomic clocks use atoms of the isotope caesium - 133.

• In a caesium atomic clock, 9 billion cycles per second (9 gigahertz) is the frequency of radiation emitted when...

But these clocks are constrained in how precisely they can divide time because when caesium electrons jump from a certain state to another they emit radiation with a frequency of only 9 giga - hertz, or 9 billion cycles per second.

Transported by winds and deposited by heavy rainfall, the caesium polluted large swaths of the European continent.

«Relatively definitive refutation» David Borhani, a biochemist and structural biologist in Hartsdale, New York, would have liked to see additional control experiments — to determine, for instance, the lowest possible level of arsenic that Redfield could have detected, and to find out where any arsenic from the GFAJ - 1 DNA ends up when the DNA is purified on a caesium chloride gradient.

Wolfe - Simon also says she would not expect to find arsenic in DNA analysed on a caesium chloride gradient, because the arsenic - containing DNA might be so fragile that it would break apart and appear only in very faint bands separate from the bulk of the cell's DNA.

Caesium clocks are so accurate because their sources of error have been identified and most of them eliminated.

Whereas iodine - 131 has a half - life of 8 days, caesium - 134 has a half - life of 2 years and caesium - 137 is a whopping 30 years — meaning it takes that long for half of the radioactive atoms in each substance to disintegrate.

That shape and the styling details call for bold colors like the magnificent Caesium Blue available only on the limited - edition 2017 F - Pace First Edition models, 275 of which are bound for the U.S.. We'll take ours in British Racing Green.

«The three day emissions from Fukushima of Iodine - 131 would be about 20 % of the total Chernobyl emissions, while those of Cesium - 137 would be between 20 and 60 % of the total Chernobyl emissions, depending whether one believes in the different Iodine to Caesium ratio measured in Japan.»

An estimated 50 million gallons of liquid wastes from Cold War plutonium production processes - laced with radioactive caesium and strontium salts - were dumped in a 13.7 sq. mile area south of central Hanford's 177 underground radioactive waste tanks.

The Council of the EU recently noted that «Radioactive caesium contamination of certain [agricultural] products originating in the third countries most affected by the Chernobyl accident still exceeds the maximum permitted levels of radioactivity laid down in Regulation (EC) No 733/2008.»

Swept along by winds and settled by heavy rains, radioactive particles, especially caesium - 137 (137Cs), polluted large stretches of the European continent.

They found that they contain only negligible amounts of radioactive caesium, and are safe for consumption.