Sentences with phrase «of calcifying organisms»

These assessments highlight the vulnerabilities of calcifying organisms (e.g. review [15]-RRB- and consider the potential extent of ecological change [16].

Ocean acidification due to anthropogenic CO2 emissions is a dominant driver of long - term changes in pH in the open ocean, raising concern for the future of calcifying organisms, many of which are present in coastal habitats.

Depends on what scenerio is used — and on the rate of dissolution of calcifying organisms as they sink to the ocean floor.

However, the lack of a clear understanding of the mechanisms of calcification and its metabolic or structural function means that it is difficult, at present, to reliably predict the full consequences of CO2 - induced ocean acidification on the physiological and ecological fitness of calcifying organisms.

You can have a differential impact on biology and chemistry, so if you really want to assess what will be the status of calcifying organisms in 2100 there is one part, the chemistry, for which the organisms have no control but for the biology they can perhaps adapt and there might be a way for the organisms to mitigate the negative impacts of ocean acidification.

Not exact matches

With all this, we want to evaluate the bathymetric variability in the Mg content because factors related to depth have the potential to provide an analogue for future changes in the skeletal mineralogy of calcifying marine organisms.

These little organisms are central to the global carbon cycle, a role that could be disrupted if rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide and warming temperatures interfere with their ability to grow their calcified shells.

«There have been a lot of studies showing that under ocean acidification scenarios that corals and other organisms on the reef calcify at a slower rate,» Kline says.

These organism and Cloudina are the oldest known evidence in the fossil record of the emergence of calcified skeletal formation in metazoans, a prominent feature in animals appearing later in the Early Cambrian.

Since you state that a decrease in net calcification could result from a decrease in gross calcification, an increase in dissolution rates, or both, you distinguish between these responses and get to the conclusion that the impact of ocean acidification on a creature's net calcification may be largely controlled by the status of its protective organic cover and that the net slowdown in skeletal growth under increased CO2 occurs not because these organisms are unable to calcify, but rather because their unprotected skeleton is dissolving faster.

Such changes in oceanic environmental conditions will have negative consequences for marine life and organisms producing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) structures are amongst the most vulnerable due to the additional costs associated with calcification and maintenance of calcified structures under more acidic conditions.

The resulting changes in pH, Ωcarb, and pCO2 affect calcifying organisms at the base of the food chain, creating effects that propagate through higher trophic levels [1], [3].

ABSTRACT The impact of seawater acidification on calcifying organisms varies at the species level.

This new study has demonstrated that cold polar surface waters will start to become corrosive to these calcifying organisms once the atmospheric CO2 level reaches about 600 parts per million, which is 60 % more than the current level but which could be attained by the middle of this century.

Some of the smaller calcifying organisms are important food sources for higher marine organisms.

To the contrary, it should be of benefit to calcifying organisms.

This, of course, causes ocean acidification and ocean warming, which are progressing especially rapidly in the North Pacific and Arctic oceans and threatening the survival of many calcifying marine organisms, including cold - water corals (and the plankton they eat).

Acidification of polar waters is predicted to have adverse effects on calcified organisms and consequential effects on species that rely upon them (high confidence).

«More acidic waters make it difficult for corals and other calcifying organisms, such as animals with shells, to form their skeletons, which are ultimately responsible for building the physical structure of the reef,» says Australian Institute of Marine Science research scientist, Dr Janice Lough.»

Large - scale impacts on pteropods and other calcifying organisms that form the base of the marine food chain could distress populations of larger fish that feed on them, leading to significant economic impacts on the multi-billion dollar U.S. seafood industry.

We have investigated the response of a coral reef community dominated by scleractinian corals, but also including other calcifying organisms such as calcareous algae, crustaceans, gastropods and echinoderms, and kept in an open - top mesocosm [note: a «mesocosm» is an aquarium].

We have investigated the response of a coral reef community dominated by scleractinian corals, but also including other calcifying organisms such as calcareous algae, crustaceans, gastropods and echinoderms, and kept in an open - top mesocosm.

Most calcifying organisms have evolved mechanisms to «up - regulate» their internal pH by pumping H + ions out of the compartment and raising internal pH. In addition pumping H + ions out of the calcifying compartments is beneficial because it maintains an electrical gradient that facilitates importing calcium ions (Ca + +) into the calcifying compartment.

This hinders the ability of organisms such as molluscs, sea urchins, coralline algae and cold - water corals to produce their calcified shells and skeletons, affecting their survival.

«Since the publication of two reports in 2005 — 2006 [1], [2], the drive to forecast the effects of anthropogenic ocean acidification (OA) on marine ecosystems and their resident calcifying marine organisms has resulted in a growing body of research.

If that will have any impact on sea life is doubtful as the main calcifying organisms evolved at much higher CO2 levels during the Cretaceous, witnessed by the white cliffs of Dover and many such places all over the world...

A canonical paradigm of anthropogenic impacts on seawater pH can more effectively be used to formulate policies to conserve vulnerable calcifying organisms by acknowledging the various anthropogenic drivers of change in pH, identifying regional and even local actions that may help vulnerable coastal organisms adapt to the impacts of OA by anthropogenic CO2 (Kelly et al. 2011) in parallel to global mitigation efforts.

Predictions concerning the consequences of the oceanic uptake of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) have been primarily occupied with the effects of ocean acidification on calcifying organisms, particularly those critical to the formation of habitats (e.g. coral reefs) or their maintenance (e.g. grazing echinoderms).

The diminishing availability of carbonate ion -LRB--RRB-, and ensuing reduction in calcium carbonate (CaCO3) saturation states are widely reported to reduce calcification in a wide range [11,12] of, but not all, calcifying organisms [13,14].

This may impact a wide range of organisms and ecosystems (e.g., coral reefs, Box 4.4, reviewed by Raven et al., 2005), including juvenile planktonic, as well as adult, forms of benthic calcifying organisms (e.g., echinoderms, gastropods and shellfish), and will affect their recruitment (reviewed by Turley et al., 2006).