Sentences with phrase «of calcium ions»

These events are directed by specialized proteins called ion channels that allow the flow of calcium ions in and out of cells and among cell compartments.

The nerve cell's activity was measured via concentration of calcium ion in the cell, and the team analyzed the changes in calcium concentration using a mathematical model.

Using near - infrared light, researchers have shown they can selectively activate an immune response by controlling the flow of calcium ions into the cell.

The red line reflects the amount of calcium ions added.

Similarly, when they administered the compound to mouse skin cells in culture, they found that it stopped the UV - triggered influx of calcium ions into the cells.

They measured the concentration of calcium ions in the nerve cells to visualize their activity when a moth was stimulated with an odor.

They used Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) plants that produce a special protein which breaks down after the binding of calcium ions and emits free energy in the form of light.

Astrocytes also form their own long - distance communication networks by «talking» via waves of calcium ions, and, like neurons, they can receive and release neurotransmitters.

These, such as verapamil, diltiazem, nifedipine, nitrendipine and nimodipine are not only widely used to treat hypertension, and hence might affect cognition by increasing cerebral blood flow, but also block the entry of calcium ions into neurons.

They then decided to see what would happen if they supplied nitric oxide while simultaneously supplying chemicals that increase levels of calcium ions in cells.

The researchers studied calcium channels in neurons, which allow for the transport of calcium ions from one nerve cell to another, helping the cells transmit itch signals from the skin to other cells in the spinal cord.

Within the cell, these calcium ions bind to activator proteins, which help release a flood of calcium ions from storage vesicles of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) inside the cell.

The heat was enough to activate TRPV1, opening the channels to a flood of calcium ions and triggering the kind of action potentials (electrical signaling) that guides nerve cell function.

ITPR3 is a calcium channel; it enables passage of calcium ions across cellular membranes, which can serve as a signal to trigger different cellular events.

The addition of very small quantities of calcium ions increases the viscosity considerably.

So, the researchers — headed by Professor of Physics and Biological Sciences Shane Hutson and Associate Professor of Cell and Developmental Biology Andrea Page - McCaw — targeted cells on the back of fruit fly pupae that expressed a protein that fluoresces in the presence of calcium ions.

«It is not yet known whether there's actually an increase or decrease in the flow of calcium ions through the channel,» Olesen says.

«Most of the models that are available are not accurate enough to capture the important features of the calcium ion.»

The differences between the averages of measured free amounts and the dosed amount of calcium ions give the averaged amount of bound calcium ions (Fig. 1B).

We also know how the enzyme changes shape when exposed to different environmental impacts, such as the concentration of calcium ions changes,» explains Thomas J.D. Jørgensen.

(B) Averaged amount of bound calcium ions as calculated from the difference between the measured amount of free calcium ions and the dosed amount of calcium ions shown in (A) for five pH levels.

The flow of calcium ions eases communication between neurons, promoting LTP along the reward pathway.

PKA phosphorylates IP3 receptors located on cell membranes, inducing them to release intracellular stores of calcium ions.

This event often correlates with a rise of calcium ions flowing into the cell.

Brain activity can appear as peaks amid squiggles on electrophysiological charts, or as green flashes of calcium ions moving in and out of neurons.

Additional experiments showed that genetic disruption of MrcA, depletion of ITPR3, and depletion of STIM1 all significantly inhibited extrusion in infected cells, as did chemical disruption of calcium ion signaling.

«The combination of fast calcium pumping and small calcium release permits the midshipman to maintain the correct balance of calcium ions during its long - lasting mating call,» Rome says.

Exposing a scleractinian coral to a seawater medium with high concentration of calcium ions caused an excessive expression of ortholog genes (Fig. 4A and 4B) which are assumed to be associated with processes of calcification, growth, and development (Tables 2 and 3).

Subsequent uptake of the calcium ions leads the muscle fiber to relax once again.

Therefore, stretching does not reduce some of the mechanisms of muscle soreness, including damage to the ultrastructure of muscle, accumulation of calcium ions, cell inflammation, swelling and activation of pain receptors.

In diseased kidneys, TRPC5 causes an influx of calcium ions into the podocyte, eventually destroying it.

For example, he's used it along with a calcium - tracking dye in cardiac muscle cells from a rat, to image the sparks and waves of calcium ions that can trigger deadly arrhythmias during heart failure.

So - called ion channels are involved in the transfer of signals in the brain; these channels act like a doorman to regulate the entry of calcium ions in the nerve cells.

As they did, the level of calcium ions in the neuron rose sharply, suggesting that ion channels had opened and the neuron was becoming active.

Calcium channels allow the passage of calcium ions in response to depolarization of the cell membrane.

(A) Development of the free calcium ions measured by the calcium ion selective electrode (black line) at pH = 9.25 in comparison with the dosed amount of calcium ions (red line).

When these cells are illuminated by a strong light, a change in the structure of melanopsin triggers a molecular cascade that eventually leads to an influx of calcium ions into those neurons and an electrical pulse.

To maintain the solubility constant, which, however, slightly differs for the phases precipitated in different pH ranges, the solubility concentration of calcium ions is specifically lower at higher concentrations of carbonate (higher pH).

Dr. Han, in collaboration with Yubin Zhou, PhD, assistant professor at the Center for Translational Cancer Research at the Texas A&M Health Science Center Institute of Biosciences & Technology, approached these problems by focusing on the flow of calcium ions into cells as a potential on / off switch and using specially designed up - conversion nanoparticles to activate them.

The speed with which the wave moves suggests that it travels through gap junctions and is made up either of calcium ions or some other small signaling molecule.

It also turns out that progesterone binds to an ion channel on the sperm cell called CatSper, and that this causes an influx of calcium ions to propel the sperm forward (Nature, DOI: 10.1038 / nature09767).

In this way, the binding of calcium ions in solid calcium carbonate increases with increasing pH. Similar binding of calcium ions is observed in the prenucleation stage.

These connections, or synapses, can be strengthened by a process known as long - term potentiation (LTP), which largely depends on the flow of calcium ions into and out of neurons.

The emitted light energy correlates with the respective concentrations of calcium ions.

Such a mechanism could turn chemical ephemera — the ebbing and flowing of calcium ions and gentle currents of nitric oxide — into changes in gene expression and finally into alterations in the «wiring» of the nervous system.