Indeed, it is the rotational movements
of the brain inside the
calvaria (meaning all
of the cranium except for the facial bones) and the shearing forces affecting the upper reticular formation that create torque, which leads to the typical loss
of consciousness.
Nevertheless, as Tobias says, it is still ``... a field beset with relatively few facts but many theories... The story
of early hominid brains has to be read from carefully dated, well identified, fossilised
calvariae, or from endocranial casts formed within them... Such materials confine the Hercule Poirot, who would read «the little grey cells»
of fossil hominids, to statements about the size, shape and surface impressions...
of ancient brains...» The other major limiting factor at the moment is the lack
of suitable fossil skulls for such studies.
One
of the critical lines
of evidence for the evolution
of the human is that provided by «fossil brains» or fossilised
calvariae (the top part
of the skull), which has been unfairly compared to phrenology.