For example, when atmospheric
concentrations of carbon dioxide increased in geologic times to a certain unknown threshold, it went into the ocean and combined with positively charged calcium ions to form calcium carbonate — limestone.
PULLMAN, Wash. — Researchers led by a Washington State University biologist have found that arid areas, among the biggest ecosystems on the planet, take up an unexpectedly large amount of carbon as levels
of carbon dioxide increase in the atmosphere.
Further, «at no time in the last 20 million years have levels
of carbon dioxide increased as rapidly as at present,» Tripati adds; CO2 concentrations have climbed from 280 ppm to 387 ppm in the past 200 years.
In just 5 years it was responsible for a 2 % decrease in low clouds (the kind that reflect incoming solar radiation by day) which, in turn, equates to an increase in surface warming of 1.2 Wm - 2 from incident radiation — equivalent to some 85 % of the IPCC's estimate for the
effect of all carbon dioxide increase since the Industrial Revolution.
But from 1938 to 2003 — a period of essentially no increase in Arctic warming — the atmospheric concentration
of carbon dioxide increased another 60 parts per million.
The rate of absorption
of carbon dioxide increases as the percentage of carbon dioxide increases.
As the atmospheric concentration
of carbon dioxide increases, it traps more heat in the atmosphere and adds to global warming.
As the concentration
of carbon dioxide increases, the frequency of extreme weather events — including snowstorms — also increases.
«The underlying significance of all this is that the rate
of carbon dioxide increase is higher than ever at the moment, year after year now it's been more than 2 ppm per year,» said Pieter Tans, a senior scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory in Boulder, Colo. «The increase is manmade... This is one of the known things about climate change.»
«As the concentration
of carbon dioxide increases, ocean water will become more acidic; which is bad news for marine life,» Cao said.