Importantly, Zika virus also follows the same pattern
of cellular behavior of repressing the cell's translation and stress response while promoting its own protein translation.
«Noise can be both an obstacle for some types
of cellular behaviors as well as a useful feature for others,» Elowitz said.
«Now I see noise as a lens through which to look at all kinds
of cellular behaviors.»
Not exact matches
The model has allowed scientists to get a much closer look into the
cellular interactions and biological
behavior of M. genitalium, a very simple bacterium that is sexually transmitted between primates and can cause itching, burning or discharge.
I needed to get into the nitty - gritty details
of what drives
behavior on a
cellular or even molecular level.
So in 1974, he headed south to Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana, for graduate training in physiological psychology: the study
of how the brain influences
behavior at the neurochemical and
cellular levels.
And once I got into brain biology, it became clear you needed to study the brain on the
cellular level, and once you began to understand aspects
of behavior in the
cellular level, you wanted to understand the molecular level.
The changes in
cellular structure and
behavior were the opposite
of what Xu - Friedman team's saw in a previous study that placed mice in a consistently noisy environment.
«In this way, modern supercomputers allow millions
of small timesteps
of atomic motions to be simulated, getting us to examine the protein but also
cellular membrane
behavior on the microsecond timescale.»
Knowledge
of the
cellular and molecular details
of these adaptations could lead to new treatments for the compulsive
behaviors that underlie addiction
This finding is an important step towards a better understanding
of the
cellular and molecular underpinnings
of addictive
behavior, paving the way for the development
of effective therapeutics.
The living organism is often too complex to identify the specific causes
of a particular
cellular behavior.
«Our findings fit with the growing appreciation
of the importance
of a cell's structural and biochemical surroundings in influencing
cellular behavior.
However, due to technological limitations, previous genetic studies largely focused on mixed populations
of cells, obscuring critical nuances in
cellular behavior.
A multicellular marine animal without organs, Trichoplax's feeding
behavior may include
cellular coordination, resulting in external food digestion, according to a study published September 2, 2015 in the open - access journal PLOS ONE by Carolyn Smith and colleagues from the National Institute
of Health in Bethesda, MD..
Their observation provides a better understanding
of cytoskeletal self - organization in general, which may in turn lead to better drug design and new materials that can mimic
cellular behaviors.
A team
of researchers led by Charles D. Nichols, PhD, Associate Professor
of Pharmacology at LSU Health Sciences Center New Orleans, has successfully translated a new technology to better study
behaviors and
cellular function to fruit flies.
Systems biology provides better methods
of drug discovery: research teams can measure changes in genetic activity, protein levels and
cellular behavior of the immune system in response to a potential vaccine.
«It's
cellular makeup, it's child
behaviors and child attributes, it's family
behaviors within communities and environments within state and national level policies,» says Kristen Harrison, founder
of the university's Synergistic Theory and Research on Obesity and Nutrition Group (STRONG) Kids project.
Manipulating biological processes with minimal interference, from the
cellular level to the
behavior of whole organisms, is a burgeoning scientific effort to better understand how living things work and to develop more effective treatments for a range
of medical disorders.
Due to these crucial roles in regulating normal
cellular behavior, redox status has been recognized as a key area
of biological research in various diseases, including cancer.
Though much is known about the
cellular and molecular components
of the clock, the connections that link clock cells to overt
behaviors, such as rest / activity
behavior, have not been identified.
He also envisions that this kind
of nanomechanical phenotyping should allow for the development
of predictive models for
cellular behavior for any kind
of cell.
More broadly, he said, «These findings are part
of an emerging theme that there is a whole spectrum
of diseases that includes ALS, and some forms
of dementia and myopathy, that are caused by disturbance in the
behavior of these structures that perturbs
cellular organization.»
Researchers are building a substantial understanding
of the biophysical, molecular, and
cellular interactions
of neurons, but directly relating those interactions to outward
behaviors is an ongoing challenge in the field.
Scientists injected fluorescent molecules into about 150 mouse brain structures and used a high - resolution microscope to document the molecules as they moved through the brain's «
cellular highways,» which need to be in tip - top shape for different parts
of the brain to communicate and coordinate
behaviors.
Proteins perform virtually every task within cells, and accordingly the composition
of the ensemble
of proteins present at a given time generally determines
cellular behavior.
Previous work by Fredberg and colleagues had documented the importance
of collective
cellular behavior in asthma, showing that cells comprising epithelial tissues — which line the surfaces
of all organs throughout the body — can unjam and flow like a fluid, or jam and freeze like a solid.
Dr. Chartoff's Neurobiology
of Motivated
Behavior Laboratory, founded in 2009, investigates the molecular, biochemical, and
cellular mechanisms underlying drug dependence and withdrawal using animal behavioral models with high relevance to the human condition.
Although some
of the key molecular components involved in the formation
of cellular structures and tissue formation are known, we currently lack a bottoms up understanding
of how the
behavior of these molecules gives rise to the formation
of large structures, partly because
of the lack
of tools for both studying the spatial regulation
of soluble proteins and biophysically characterizing the
behavior of large structures and tissues.
These results complement
cellular and physiological data and show that dopamine at encoding promotes the prioritization
of events in memory, with implications for understanding the role
of memory in adaptive
behavior.
When mutations do arise and cancer ensues, traditional chemotherapies have taken advantage
of the universally - dividing
behavior of cancer cells, attacking the
cellular machinery necessary for division.
The question
of how
cellular behavior is controlled is at the center
of stem cell biology, and understanding the mechanisms
of cell fate regulation is key for treating diseases that occur upon dysregulation, such as cancer or diabetes.
Grillner's experimental and theoretical analysis
of motor coordination in the lamprey has served as a standard for other attempts to describe the circuits that encode vertebrate
behaviors in precise
cellular and anatomical terms.
Royet will present his latest data dissecting the
cellular and molecular mechanisms by which one single microbiota - derived compound, peptidoglycan, influences the
behavior, the physiology, and the homeostasis
of its infected host.
Further, there is evidence to suggest that AGEs produce raised levels
of chronic inflammation by altering
cellular behavior through the receptor for AGEs, RAGE.
ATF2 is a protein that can regulate a vast array
of gene expression and therefore can contribute to many
cellular behaviors and processes.
By comparing the regulatory networks
of pathologic conditions, I expect to gain new insights into the central question: how do regulatory networks instruct
cellular behavior under diseased condition and can we discover drugs that can alter these regulatory networks.
«
Behavior represents the ultimate output
of brain functions and can be used to assess the importance
of specific
cellular or molecular mechanisms, as well as for the evaluation
of therapeutic interventions.»
Beyond the internal interactions
of the protein itself, these designed oligomers can be used to explore basic questions about how the structure
of signaling molecules affects the
behavior of receptors and
cellular response.
Since it is still beyond the reach
of even the most sophisticated in vitro methodology to simulate the complex interplay
of physical,
cellular, biochemical, and other factors that influence cell
behavior in microvessels and interstitial tissues, we make use
of intravital microscopy.
«In neuroscience, there is a huge black box between genetic information and
behavior,» said Krogan, who is also the director
of the Quantitative Biosciences Institute and a professor
of cellular and molecular pharmacology at the University
of California, San Francisco (UCSF).
«Our ongoing project aims to elucidate how cells recognize temperature or
cellular events caused by the temperature changes and control the expression
of DESAT1 to adapt the
cellular processes and
behaviors,» Umeda said.
In my lab, we explore the molecular,
cellular, and behavioral mechanisms through which two types
of molecules, sex steroids and neuropeptides in the vasopressin / oxytocin family, act within those circuits to influence social
behaviors associated with reproduction.
«Vertical integration
of gene function» describes how gene expression initiates a series
of biochemical,
cellular, and physiological changes that ultimately culminate in an observable
behavior.
The level
of detail gained in this work was, and still is, unique in that it allows the observation
of changes in
behavior caused by changing occurring at the
cellular and network level.
Automated method detects activity
of neurons during specific
behaviors, brainwide, at
cellular resolution...
The
cellular mechanisms underlying this bursting
behavior have been studied in vitro, using either acute slices
of the adult hypothalamus, or organotypic cultures
of neonatal hypothalamic tissue.
The authors
of the study explain that their findings suggest that ketogenic diets could also potentially help normalize pathological
behaviors in the human model
of schizophrenia by providing alternative energy sources via ketones, the products
of fat breakdown, which would substitute the abnormally functioning
cellular energy pathways in the brains
of people suffering from this disease.
''... we hypothesize that repeated stress - related allostatic overload may affect brain function at three basic levels: (a) at the
cellular level, it may compromise proteostasis (e.g. tau protein), organelles homeostasis, and induce epigenetic changes in neuronal DNA; (b) at the tissue level it may affect intracellular communication (synaptic contacts), number
of cells (reduction
of neuronal density), composition
of the extracellular matrix (accumulation
of amyloid plaques), and neuroinflammation; (c) at the systemic levels it may alter the brain's regulation
of behavior (cognitive decline).