Hartl, a biochemist, and Horwich, a geneticist, are pioneers in the
realm of cellular protein chemistry whose collaborations helped unravel the molecular machinery that assists with protein folding.
Amy Gladfelter's «Companions in Discovery» follows her lab's investigations into the physical properties
of cellular proteins by using the fungus, Ashbya, as a lab model.
Now, the research team discovered that the
disruption of the cellular proteins pICln and Tgs1, two chief players that help assemble the splicing machinery, causes the fruit flies» neuromuscular system to collapse in a similar manner to patients with SMA.
Stewart says his team's initial work has not only identified fibrillarin as essential for viable paramyxovirus replication — it also has shown that one can «deplete fibrillarin from cells or block its catalytic activity and the vast
majority of cellular proteins still get made within the cell,» which suggests it is a safe target for intervention.
Allan Jacobson, Ph.D., of the University of Massachusetts Medical School and co-founder of PTC Therapeutics, the company that developed ataluren, and David Bedwell, Ph.D., professor of the UAB Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, have sought to understand precisely how ataluren allows the ribosome, the
machinery of cellular protein synthesis, to skip over these inserted stop signs and produce proteins that have normal or near - normal function.
These findings provide important novel insights into the
mechanisms of cellular protein quality control as well as disease progression» Hartl concludes.
With as many as a thousand tubes fitting into each cell, the tubular scaffold can be used to increase the bacteria's efficiency to make commodities and provide the foundation for a new
era of cellular protein engineering.
Based on some fundamental
characteristics of cellular proteins, a team of scientists speculates that the last common ancestor of life on Earth got its start in the planet's natural hot tubs
A major component of the study was a comprehensive analysis of the «phosphoproteome» of prostate cancer tumors and cells, revealing changes in the phosphorylation
states of cellular proteins.
Some of Gierasch's more recent work has been focused on developing and testing experimentally a computational
model of cellular protein homeostasis in E. coli in collaboration with Evan Powers of The Scripps Institute.
Oligonucleotide - labeled antibodies allow
integration of cellular protein and transcriptome measurements at a single - cell level, with the number of simultaneously assayed protein markers far surpassing what can be measured by cytometry - based approaches.
These cells produce high levels of IL - 22 upon stimulation with IL - 23 and their use permitted both semi-quantification of transcript expression and
visualization of cellular protein and phospho - protein levels by western blot.
The tail
ends of cellular protein templates, regions often thought relatively inconsequential, may actually play a role in preventing normal cells from becoming cancerous.
The Church Lab is currently analyzing mutations in DNA regions that regulate the expression of genes — the on / off and volume
knobs of cellular proteins and pathways.
They do not kill cancerous or viral cells, but regulate the action of specific genes that control the
production of cellular proteins that affect cell growth.
Thus, at higher temperatures, eukaryotic phytoplankton seem to require a lower density of ribosomes to produce the required
amounts of cellular protein.
They showed that ZIKV infection of cortical progenitors (stem cells for cortical neurons) controlling neurogenesis triggers a stress in the endoplasmic reticulum (where
some of the cellular proteins and lipids are synthetized) in the embryonic brain, inducing signals in response to incorrect protein con - formation (referred to as «unfolded protein response»).