Sentences with phrase «of chance mutation»

It reduces to very small proportions, almost negligible, in fact, the importance of the element of chance mutation, on which R. A. Fisher on the one hand and Jacques Monod on the other have reared such super-structures of rather emotional philosophizing.

Eventually, as a result of chance mutations in DNA, accidental modifications subjected to the pressure of natural selection, there emerge the «higher» animals and, at last, man.

Not exact matches

Chad's reliance on PE as requiring divine intervention and his willful misrepresentations (e.g. «pure chance can never explain the grand paroxysm of necessarily interrelated mutations that are required to occur to accomplish this rapid change») have been repeatedly refuted.

Chance, in the form of mutations, provides genetic variation, which is the raw material that natural selection has to work with.

In fact allowances can also thus be made for the role of chance in the emergence of life and in the mutations that are required for the evolution of new species.

The indeterminacy that science has found at the levels of matter (uncertainty), life (chance mutations), and human existence (freedom) are essential cosmological ingredients if the autonomy of the world is not to collapse into the being of the Creator - God (in which case it would no longer be a world distinct unto itself).

You laugh at the Supernatural, even though scientists have calculated the odds of life forming by natural processes to be estimated less than 1 chance in 10 to the 40, ooo power — But you find nothing wrong with believing that billions of years full of random mutations would result in the impossible.

The absence of strict determinism that recent physics has discovered at the most basic levels of matter, the chance mutations that biology finds at the level of life's evolution, and the freedom that comes forth with human existence — all of these are the expected features of any world we might claim to be distinct from the being of its creator.

Change is due to chance; the replication of multiplying cells is not exact, with consequent mutations occurring.

As for «chance mutations,» chance is the opposite of having a cause; something that happens by chance admits of no reason or purpose for its occurrence.

Fessio, in his above - mentioned letter, brings some clarity: «The confusion arises when scientists and non-scientists alike speak of «random» or «chance» mutation.

This concept would not allow of any sort of «random mutation» or random chance of any sort in a mechanistic and determinist order of matter.

Whether or not a particular mutation will increase the chance of its possessor to survive and reproduce is dependent upon a second chain of events, which is quite independent of the event of mutation itself.

If, on the other hand, we define evolution in the Darwinian sense — as a process of random mutation and natural selection by which all living beings have arisen by chance from single - celled organisms over 100's of millions of years — we may not be on equally firm ground from a scientific perspective.

Having family members with these pre-menopausal cancers increase your chances of genetically heritable mutations that increase your risk of developing these cancers.

The odds of any DeMoe harboring the mutation are 50 — 50, and if the mutation is present, the chances of developing early - onset Alzheimer's — the type that erodes memory before age 65 — are 100 percent.

This process boosts the chance of hitting upon a combination of mutations that produces vastly more.

That applies tremendous selection pressure, specifically for mutations in the centromeres that maximize the chances that one of the chromosomes will make it into the egg, Malik and Henikoff argue.

Children, siblings or parents of mutation carriers have a 50 - 50 chance of also having the mutation, which can be identified with a gene test.

Women with one of the mutations have a 45 percent to 85 percent chance of developing breast cancer by age 70, 23andMe said.

«Disrupting DNA repair will result in a storm of random mutations, increasing the chance that the right gene mutates at the right spot and lead to drug resistance.

There were likely hundreds of thousands of protozoans in a microcosm, or jar, and populations turned over fairly quickly, with many chances for mutations, Morin said.

Keep in mind that the vast majority of mutating agents provoke cells to stop functioning or to die, meaning there is no chance for those mutations to cause cancer.

First, looking at a study of 185 cases of childhood epilepsy, Wittkowski's team found that mutations in genes that control axonal guidance and calcium signaling — both of which are important early in the developing brain when neurons are forming the appropriate connections — led to increased chances of having the disorder.

They also found that mutations in the cassettes that could affect the portion of VlsE that is recognized by the immune system were as much as eight times more common than would be expected by chance alone and more common than mutations that affected other parts of the VlsE protein.

Hereditary predisposition to cancer is sometimes due to a single high - risk genetic change, like a mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes for breast cancer, but most of the time, the disease is the result of multiple gene variants that add up, environmental risk factors, and a big element of chance.

From such studies came the current canonical model of how venom genes evolve through the chance replication and mutation of genes for enzymes, peptides and other proteins.

Testing for the EGFR mutation and ALK rearrangements and the use of targeted therapies have given lung cancer patients the chance for survival, along with improved quality of life and time with loved ones.

Whenever HIV multiplies by hijacking an immune cell, there is a chance of mutation, and there is no guarantee that an HIV drug will be able to handle that mutation.

In the same vein, the article describes how a chance «mistake» — an apparently meaningless mutation that took place over 700 million years ago — became the molecular driver for complex morphological developments in a number of vertebrates (including the human species).

New research shows that the evolution of grape color comes down to chance mutations that first turned black grapes white, then white grapes red.

Whereas only 5 to 10 percent of breast cancer patients have a mutation at one of these genes, those having it face a 40 to 85 percent chance they will develop breast cancer at some point in their lives.

Although the likelihood of any neutral mutation spreading by chance is tiny, the enormous number of mutations in each generation makes genetic drift a significant force.

Unless an animal can recombine the DNA they already have, they will produce an offspring with an identical set of chromosomes, in which any genetic weakness, such as disease susceptibility or physical mutation, would have no chance to be overridden by outside genetic material from a mate.

He cites a central tenet of population genetics: The more individuals, the bigger the gene pool, and the greater the chance for an unusual advantageous mutation to happen.

In the scientific article «Histone mutations separate R loops from genome instability induction» published in Molecular Cell, the researchers state that RNA joins with DNA by chance or because of a disease, the structure of the chromatin, the protein envelope of the chromosomes is altered, causing breaks in the DNA.

The chances of that are so miniscule that it suggests alternative explanations, says medical geneticist Garry Cutting of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, who has found mutations that reduce the severity of cystic fibrosis through a different approach.

By slightly changing these master genes, evolution could have an outsized effect on overall expression without as much chance of negative mutations, Gilad says.

Since people with a mutant copy of the MYBPC3 gene have a 50 percent chance of passing it on to their own children, being able to correct the mutation in embryos would prevent the disease not only in affected children, but also in their descendants.

«A priori, nothing distinguishes one mutation from another; they're all the result of chance.

Chance chooses the genes in which random mutations show up; chance takes the fatal step in front of the crosstowChance chooses the genes in which random mutations show up; chance takes the fatal step in front of the crosstowchance takes the fatal step in front of the crosstown bus.

These mutations varied tremendously between populations, which counters a popular view that many of the differences between populations arose by chance or were genetic variants that hitchhiked along with other genes that improved reproductive success, says biological anthropologist Henry Harpending of the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, and co-author of another study of accelerated evolution.

One commonly held theory is that autism results from the chance combinations of commonly occurring gene mutations, which are otherwise harmless.

Scientists have uncovered several gene mutations that sharply increase the chances of developing autism.

The reason may be that their cells divide more times, increasing the chance of malignant mutation in ones that are especially vulnerable, such as cells in the skin.

With over 20,000 known protein - coding genes, widespread genetic variation, and the continual accumulation of mutations in somatic tissues, there are plenty of candidates that will meet these criteria by chance alone.

They'll also discuss the potential psychological impact of finding a mutation, and how such information should be conveyed to other family members, including siblings and children, who have a 50 percent chance of having the defect.

The authors have optimized the procedure of pronuclear transplantation (PNT) between normally fertilized zygotes to reduce the chances of technical manipulations and mutations resulting in low - quality or diseased embryos.

«Women with a BRCA mutation have a 40 to 50 percent chance of getting ovarian cancer in their lifetime compared to somebody with an average risk, who has a 1.8 percent lifetime risk,» she said.

If a parent has the mutation, a child has a 50 percent chance of inheriting it.