Sentences with phrase «of change in forcing»

I would like, if I may, to draw your and other people's attention to the fact that modern estimates of the change in forcing from the LGM to preindustrial Holocene point to (Charney) ECS being substantially below 3 C.

Similarly, the climate scenarios were based on 2xCO2 equilibrium GCM projections from three models, where the radiative forcing of climate was interpreted as the combined concentrations of CO2 (555 ppm) and other greenhouse gases (contributing about 15 % of the change in forcing) equivalent to a doubling of CO2, assumed to occur in about 2060.

However it turns out that for the range of scenarios considered in the simulations behind SPM Fig. 10, the dependence is mostly offset by a dependence of how much warming is «delayed» by the thermal inertia of the oceans (which will also depend on the rate of change in forcing and hence emissions).

I call it «Newton's fourth law»: that temperature is driven not by the level of the forcing but by the rate of change in the forcing.

Furthermore, if we are trying to explain why the rate of warming went up in say 1975 we don't want to look at just the rate of change in forcing due to well - mixed greenhouse gases and reflective aerosols by the rate of change in net forcing.

Or it is the only value of the change in forcing that they want to consider for a while.

The IPCC 2001 report states «Several recent reconstructions estimate that variations in solar irradiance give rise to a forcing at the Earth's surface of about 0.6 to 0.7 Wm - 2 since the Maunder Minimum and about half this over the 20th century... All reconstructions indicate that the direct effect of variations in solar forcing over the 20th century was about 20 to 25 % of the change in forcing due to increases in the well - mixed greenhouse gases.»

«The trends of the bond market, as well as the stock market, are the direct result of changes in the forces of supply versus demand.

Changes in this torsion angle were measured by a laser bounced off the reflective cantilever, providing an indication of changes in the force exerted on the tip, the viscous resistance exerted — and therefore the water's effective viscosity.

«The trends of the bond market, as well as the stock market, are the direct result of changes in the forces of supply versus demand.

As to the example of the megadrought in the 1600s, I know little about this, but can you be so certain this was the result of chaos and not a change in forcings, or a non-chaotic combination of a change in forcings timed with a cyclical ENSO - like event?

For the Earth's «fast» system, changes in decadal statistics can be computed on the basis of changes in forcing such as GHG's, without any need for knowledge of the initial conditions.

What is the intrinsic variability of the current climate system (clouds, ocean, and all) in the absence of any changes in forcing?

dF is the sum total of all changes in forcing: solar forcing, internal forcing, GHG forcing.

Not exact matches

«Overall, some folks will really benefit from AMT repeal, but we can't look at taxes in a vacuum,» said LaBrecque, also head of the Michigan Association of CPAs» special task force on tax changes, which ran simulations on more than 900 tax returns to see the impact of the proposed Trump tax changes.

Yum was forced to shut hundreds of British KFC outlets in February due to a shortage of chicken resulting from the abrupt change of a supplier.

The harvest is only about six weeks long, in March and April, when the change of seasons offers just the right mix of cool nights and warm days to force sap to flow through the sugar maple tree.

Chriss pegs growth in the contingent work force to structural changes in employment over the past decades, including a decline in enrollment in defined - benefit pension plans and growth in the average duration of unemployment.

When it comes to startups and regulation, there's the Uber way of doing it: charging ahead like a raging bull in an effort to force law makers to change their ways.

Britain's last coal power station will be forced to close in 2025, as part of a government plan to phase out the fossil fuel to meet its climate change commitments.

Yum was forced to shut hundreds of British KFC outlets in February after a supplier change led to shortages of everything from chicken to gravy.

In Personal Insurance, net written premiums grew 8 %, benefiting from renewal premium change of 10 % in agency auto and continued momentum in our leading homeowners business where we grew policies in force by 5 In Personal Insurance, net written premiums grew 8 %, benefiting from renewal premium change of 10 % in agency auto and continued momentum in our leading homeowners business where we grew policies in force by 5 in agency auto and continued momentum in our leading homeowners business where we grew policies in force by 5 in our leading homeowners business where we grew policies in force by 5 in force by 5 %.

When the pressure's on in the workplace, the Alignment Express can go off the rails: shrinking budgets, org changes, and shifting strategies force teams to do whatever it takes to keep trains on time... often at the expense of culture and values.

My guess is that one of these problems will cause a more pronounced problem in the global economy in the coming years and force real change.

A change that would make Buffett hopeful for women in the workforce took place soon after: Following World War II, women's participation in the U.S. labor force rose from 32.7 percent in 1948 to 56.8 percent in 2016, according to the U.S. Department of Labor.

In the book, they examine the repercussions on leadership by combined forces of globalization, climate change, increased individualism, and accelerating digitization.

«It's about how do you leverage the diversity you bring into your company for the benefit of your products, for your work force, for your culture,» she told Inc.'s Salvador Rodriguez onstage at the Change Catalyst's Tech Inclusion conference in October.

«A cascade of changing business conditions, changing organizational structures, and changing leadership has been forcing human resource departments to alter their perspectives on their role and function almost overnight,» wrote John Johnston in Business Quarterly.

In your time as commandant, what kind of changes have you seen in your own management style, your own approach to leadership of the forcIn your time as commandant, what kind of changes have you seen in your own management style, your own approach to leadership of the forcin your own management style, your own approach to leadership of the force?

«Under - emphasis of these (structural) policies relative to macroeconomic, trade and financial stability policies is a key reason for many governments» failure in recent decades to mobilize a more effective response to widening inequality and stagnating median income as technological change and globalization have gathered force,» the report said.

«We offer new analyses in this working paper of the impact of changes in the US labor force participation rate (LFPR).

That means shoppers are forced to accept change in the form of chewing gum, cigarettes, and other small items.

The survey of 16,000 people in 15 countries highlights the changing global retirement landscape as economic pressures and longer life expectancy force people to work longer.

Small - business owners, with their strong voting records and firm intentions of hitting the polls in November, represent an untapped but potentially game - changing force in this presidential race, particularly if overall voter turnout comes in low.

Then, while addressing attendees of a TEDx talk, she described a change of mindset:»... I learned that our borders and our obstacles can only do two things: one, stop us in our tracks, or two, force us to get creative.»

Five of its employees were indicted in 2007 in relation to the deaths of 17 unarmed Iraqi civilians — forcing the company to change its name to Xe Services in a bid to distance itself from the controversy.

Lori Becker, founder and CEO of Boston - based education publishing firm Publishing Solutions Group, says she is a fan of the five - year goal, but the current economy and some major changes in her industry have forced her to reevaluate.

The system is automated and will stop working if there are any «disadvantageous changes» in either the direction or force of the wind.

It was a transparent attempt to boost interest in the social network, and Google's change of heart now proves that forcing people to use an inferior product is not much of a business strategy.

In his book The World in 2050: Four Forces Shaping Civilization's Northern Future, Laurence Smith, a professor of geography and earth and space sciences at UCLA, argues that we're about to see a productivity and culture boom in the north, driven by climate change, shifting demographics, globalization and the hunt for natural resourceIn his book The World in 2050: Four Forces Shaping Civilization's Northern Future, Laurence Smith, a professor of geography and earth and space sciences at UCLA, argues that we're about to see a productivity and culture boom in the north, driven by climate change, shifting demographics, globalization and the hunt for natural resourcein 2050: Four Forces Shaping Civilization's Northern Future, Laurence Smith, a professor of geography and earth and space sciences at UCLA, argues that we're about to see a productivity and culture boom in the north, driven by climate change, shifting demographics, globalization and the hunt for natural resourcein the north, driven by climate change, shifting demographics, globalization and the hunt for natural resources.

But you know what happens to bids in negotiations: They get whittled away, the terms get changed, and, sometimes, the whole negotiation breaks down under the force of an ultimatum from one of the parties involved.

As a result of their remarkable generosity, philanthropy in 2016 is poised to stand alongside government and business as one of the most powerful forces influencing social change.

Even with a brief stint on the DL this year, he is still a force to be reckoned with capable of changing the course of a ballgame in unimaginable ways.

But a vote to Leave would almost certainly force a change of leadership in the Conservative Party and a new Prime Minister, given Cameron's leading of the Remain campaign.

«There needs to be a hole in the force field that protects their sense of reality before they will actively explore, examine and change their beliefs and behaviour,» writes executive coach Marcia Reynolds in her 2014 book The Discomfort Zone: How Leaders Turn Difficult Conversations Into Breakthroughs.

There have been numerous times when Musk's endeavors would have benefited by having more capital, yet he has resisted the urge to take SpaceX public because the board of directors of a publicly - held firm would undoubtedly force him to make changes in the company that would improve its profitability at the expense of its chances for reaching Mars.

Recent shifts in regulations are one of the major forces driving changes in the the asset management industry in China.

A 2016 survey by Jobvite cited that in the entire work force, 18 percent of the total changes jobs every one to three years.

But extending such power - sharing solutions to the Sunni Arab areas of Iraq, and eventually to ethnic and religious groups in Syria, will require internal cultural change, international guarantees, and an outside monitoring force.

General Motors CEO Mary Barra has said the company's small - car production will remain in Mexico, but it could only be a matter of time before she's forced to change course.