Sentences with phrase «of changing solar activity»

«We conclude that the level of contribution of changing solar activity is less than 10 percent of the measured global warming observed in the 20th century.

Their findings indicated that, overall, the contribution of changing solar activity, either directly or through cosmic rays, was even less and can not have contributed more than 10 percent to global warming in the 20th century.

Not exact matches

Throughout most of the current geological era North America was a sheet of ice, but the global climate changed; mostly due to solar activity.

Peaks in solar activity cause the city to flood more often, apparently by changing the paths of storms over Europe.

A change in solar activity may also, for example, have contributed to the post Little Ice Age rise in global temperatures in the first half of the 20th Century.

It gives an understanding of how changes caused by Solar activity or by super nova activity can change climate.»

Figuring out where the space lab will fall is a complex calculation of the station's altitude, the height of the Earth's atmosphere (which changes according to solar activity) and the station's shape.

Now Muller says Berkeley Earth's new results «are stronger than those of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,» because they found solar activity had a «negligible» role in warming observed since the 1750s.

Changes in the number of cosmic rays hitting the atmosphere due to changes in solar activity can not explain global warming, as average cosmic ray intensities have been increasing since 1985 even as the world has warmed — the opposite of what should happen if cosmic rays produce climate - cooling Changes in the number of cosmic rays hitting the atmosphere due to changes in solar activity can not explain global warming, as average cosmic ray intensities have been increasing since 1985 even as the world has warmed — the opposite of what should happen if cosmic rays produce climate - cooling changes in solar activity can not explain global warming, as average cosmic ray intensities have been increasing since 1985 even as the world has warmed — the opposite of what should happen if cosmic rays produce climate - cooling clouds.

Volcanic eruptions and solar variations were still plausible causes of change, and some argued these would swamp any effects of human activities.

So when the number of particles coming from the sun changes — usually as a result of its 11 - year activity cycle — it takes years before that's reflected in the amount of neutral atoms shooting back into the solar system.

The team attempted to develop an explanation for the anomalous solar activity data by comparing the features of the 14C change with those of other solar events known to have occurred over the last couple of millennia.

The amount of solar heat entering Earth's atmosphere varies by about 0.1 per cent on a timescale of years as the sun's activity changes, but satellite data show no overall increase corresponding to the soaring temperatures of recent decades.

«It is true that there are other factors (such as volcanism, the changes in the orbit and the axis of the Earth, the solar cycle), but numerous scientific studies indicate that most of the global warming in recent decades is due to the large concentration of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen oxide and others) mainly emitted due to human activity.»

It was possible, according to the I.P.C.C. consensus statement, that the warming before 1956 could be because of changes in solar activity, and that even a substantial part of the more recent warming could be natural.

The consortium instruments are designed to study a number of phenomena, including the interaction of 67P / C - G with the solar wind, a continuous stream of plasma emitted by the sun; changes of activity on the comet; the structure and dynamics of the comet's tenuous plasma atmosphere, known as the coma; and the physical properties of the comet's nucleus and surface.

«The task,» Millikan wrote, «of learning to substitute stored solar energy for muscular energy — the great underlying cause of most of the changes in man's activities and living conditions — has been learned within the past eighty years and will never need to be learned over again.»

This conclusion is, in retrospect, not too surprising; we've learned from satellite measurements that solar activity changes the brightness of the sun very little.

I'm curious, if the mid-holocene event resulted from solar activity, rather than orbital effects, would the resolution of our paleoclimate data really be high enough to determine whether or not these changes were as rapid as the changes we're seeing today?

After all, the implied changes in GCR flux are huge compared to what is expected from the gentle modulation of the Earth's magnetic field arising from recent solar activity changes (not that there's any trend in those that would explain recent warming).

Tails mark the approach to the solar apex of a comet's long orbit, when surface temperature, dust halo thickness and geologic activity all change.

The main factors include solar variability, volcanic activity, atmospheric composition, the amount of sunlight reflected back into space, ocean currents and changes in the Earth's orbit.

Investigating the cause of 20th Century warming is properly done in detection and attribution studies, which analyze the various forcings (e.g., solar variations, greenhouse gases or volcanic activity) and the observed time and space patterns of climate change in detail.

New data have more accurately quantifi ed changes in solar spectral fl uxes over a broad range of wavelengths in association with changing solar activity.

If the forcing due to a certain change of solar and / or volcanic activity should have been higher than previously assumed, this wouldn't change the weight of these factors much, neither for the Esper / Moberg period nor the period since 1950.

Periods of volcanism can cool the climate (as with the 1991 Pinatubo eruption), methane emissions from increased biological activity can warm the climate, and slight changes in solar output and orbital variations can all have climate effects which are much shorter in duration than the ice age cycles, ranging from less than a decade to a thousand years in duration (the Younger Dryas).

And Perdue's not the only leading recipient of Southern's political support to help spread the questionable scientific talking points the utility has paid for: Rep. Gary Palmer, an Alabama Republican who received $ 18,000 from the company's PAC and employees in the 2014 cycle, last year told WATE that science «says global climate change is more a function of nature and solar activity than it is anything man does.»

The first collection of papers establishes that (a) decadal and multi-decadal ocean circulation patterns (AMO, PDO, NAO, ENSO) have significantly modulated precipitation and temperature changes in recent decades, and the second collection of papers confirm that (b) natural ocean oscillations are, in turn, modulated by solar activity.

Scientists have modelled the expected temperature drop over the 21st century due to waning solar activity — and they found that the change is likely to be dwarfed by the much bigger warming effect of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Among the materials the group sent was a 10 - minute DVD called «Unstoppable Solar Cycles: The Real Story of Greenland,» which says scientists are «deeply divided» about «the notion that climate change is mostly the result of human activities.»

Changes in the density of the upper atmosphere caused by dust storms and solar activity make each TGO close approach unpredictable.

Solar cycle length is a useful indicator of long term changes in solar actiSolar cycle length is a useful indicator of long term changes in solar actisolar activity.

«If we figure out how much atmosphere is removed by changes in solar activity, we can extrapolate back to estimate what the isotope ratios should have been billions of years ago.

These investigations will reveal whether such changes are consequences of seasons, local weather, or solar activity.

The number of sunspots varies as solar magnetic activity does — the change in this number, from a minimum of none to a maximum of roughly 250 sunspots or clusters of sunspots and then back to a minimum, is known as the solar cycle, and averages about 11 years long.

Investigating the cause of 20th Century warming is properly done in detection and attribution studies, which analyze the various forcings (e.g., solar variations, greenhouse gases or volcanic activity) and the observed time and space patterns of climate change in detail.

If I'm correct in saying that the bulk of that increase was up to the late 90s, and * should * have been by the mid-90s or even earlier, then this leaves a tiny bit more room for changes in solar forcing — since it's only after the solar max of the early 90s that the trend in solar activity from 1940 took a dive http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Temp-sunspot-co2.svg#file.

There are a large number of recent peer - reviewed scientific publications demonstrating how solar activity can affect our climate (Benestad, 2002), such as how changes in the UV radiation following the solar activity affect the stratospheric ozone concentrations (1999) and how earth's temperatures respond to changes in the total solar irradiance (Meehl, 2003).

Although the direct heat increase is not enough to cause much climate change, the indirect influence of solar activity on cloud cover, wind and rain patterns may be large enough to have an important impact.

Dr. Sami Solanki — director and scientific member at the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research in Germany, who argues that changes in the Sun's state, not human activity, may be the principal cause of global warming: «The sun has been at its strongest over the past 60 years and may now be affecting global temperatures.»

Thanks for publishing this, there are folks who denigrated the work of scientists that claimed a solar - climate (temperature) link because the variability in solar energy output just wasn't enough to explain the temperature swings, and perhaps they now realize that there could be another mechanism - similar to a transistor where small changes in gate voltage can affect large changes in power transmission - whereby solar activity can create significant effects on temperature.

Thus it appears that, provided further satellite cloud data confirms the cosmic ray flux low cloud seeding hypothesis, and no other factors were involved over the past 150 years (e.g., variability of other cloud layers) then there is a potential for solar activity induced changes in cloudiness and irradiance to account for a significant part of the global warming experienced during the 20th century, with the possible exception of the last two decades.

Heliophysics encompasses cosmic rays and particle acceleration, space weather and radiation, dust and magnetic reconnection, solar activity and stellar cycles, aeronomy and space plasmas, magnetic fields and global change, and the interactions of the solar system with our galaxy.»

You must not do any real studying if you've never heard about the evolution of the Earth's atmosphere through biosphere changes and oxygenation, plate tectonics / silicate weathering, milankovitch cycles, solar activity and volcanic eruptions, among other things.

I particularly enjoyed the slides that, when combined (1) provided an overview of hotter and cooler CO2 molecules as it relates to how they are seen from outer space and from profile — because this will make it easier for me to explain this process to others; (2) walked through the volcanic and solar activity vs assigning importance to CO2 changes — because this another way to help make it clearer, too, but in another way; (3) discussed CO2 induced warming and ocean rise vs different choices we might make — because this helps point out why every day's delay matters; and (4) showed Figure 1 from William Nordhaus» «Strategies for Control of Carbon Dioxide» and then super-imposed upon that the global mean temperature in colors showing pre-paper and post-paper periods — because this helps to show just how far back it was possible to make reasoned projections without the aid of a more nuanced and modern understanding.

The paper he wrote together with Friis - Christensen in which he found a correlation between solar activity and clouds had a «slight» flaw: it ignored that the period of the study coincided with a big El Nino, and that large scale changes in ocean surface temperature are going to have an effect on cloud formation.

Investigating the cause of 20th Century warming is done in so - called detection and attribution studies, which analyze the various forcings (e.g., solar variations, greenhouse gases or volcanic activity) and the observed time and space patterns of climate change in detail.

The real driver to climate change (warming or cooling) is the sun and the cyclic nature of the suns solar activity.

One key metric in this debate is the spatial pattern of cooling which may provide a «fingerprint» of the underlying climate change, whether that was externally forced (from solar or volcanic activity) or was part of an intrinsic mode of variability.

If there was more natural variation in the past millenia, specifically due to solar changes, then that goes at the cost of the GHG / aerosol combination, as both are near impossible to distinguish from each other in the warming of the last halve century... Solar activity has never been as high, and for an as long period, as current in the past millenium (and even the past 8,000 yesolar changes, then that goes at the cost of the GHG / aerosol combination, as both are near impossible to distinguish from each other in the warming of the last halve century... Solar activity has never been as high, and for an as long period, as current in the past millenium (and even the past 8,000 yeSolar activity has never been as high, and for an as long period, as current in the past millenium (and even the past 8,000 years).