The supportive effects of animal companionship have also been observed in clinical and forensic developmental psychology, with survivors
of childhood sexual abuse rating their animals as being more supportive than people (Barker and others 1997).
Not exact matches
Risk and protective factors found in high frequency were those common to the mainstream community (for example, level
of education, employment and income, experience
of childhood sexual abuse and trauma in adulthood)(and possibly at higher
rates to the general population), as well as those unique to the GLBQ community (for example experience
of homophobia and «questioning» transition)
Response
rates did not differ by sex, education, cigarette smoking behavior, or history
of childhood sexual abuse as recorded in the clinic's medical record; however, respondents were slightly older (56.7 years vs 49.3 years) and more likely to be white (84 % vs 75 %) than were nonrespondents.
As previously described, 46 the measure
of childhood maltreatment includes (1) maternal rejection assessed at age 3 years by observational
ratings of mothers» interaction with the study children, (2) harsh discipline assessed at ages 7 and 9 years by parental report
of disciplinary behaviors, (3) 2 or more changes in the child's primary caregiver, and (4) physical
abuse and (5)
sexual abuse reported by study members once they reached adulthood.
Elevated
rates of academic and conduct problems, substance
abuse, 9,10 previous forced
sexual contact, 11 and a greater number
of sexual partners12 have been reported among teenage fathers, which may be symptoms
of childhood exposure to
abuse and domestic violence.9, 10 However, because the prevalence
of exposure to
childhood abuse among teenage fathers has not been previously investigated, no conclusions about the potential relevance
of childhood abuse to teen paternity can be drawn.
Without appropriate intervention, children with
childhood - onset CD develop high
rates of substance
abuse, risky
sexual behavior, and nonintentional injuries as they move toward adulthood.
Of the adversities implicated, sexual and physical abuse were more significant risk factors than other adversities, highlighting the fact that intrusive and aggressive experiences in childhood may have more devastating and longer lasting effects.58 This may be due to the extreme powerlessness and loss of control that such abuse causes, or to physically aggressive assaults resulting in the devaluation of one's body and consequent susceptibility to self - harm.28 In a country with high rates of sexual and physical abuse, 46 this is a matter of particular concer
Of the adversities implicated,
sexual and physical
abuse were more significant risk factors than other adversities, highlighting the fact that intrusive and aggressive experiences in
childhood may have more devastating and longer lasting effects.58 This may be due to the extreme powerlessness and loss
of control that such abuse causes, or to physically aggressive assaults resulting in the devaluation of one's body and consequent susceptibility to self - harm.28 In a country with high rates of sexual and physical abuse, 46 this is a matter of particular concer
of control that such
abuse causes, or to physically aggressive assaults resulting in the devaluation
of one's body and consequent susceptibility to self - harm.28 In a country with high rates of sexual and physical abuse, 46 this is a matter of particular concer
of one's body and consequent susceptibility to self - harm.28 In a country with high
rates of sexual and physical abuse, 46 this is a matter of particular concer
of sexual and physical
abuse, 46 this is a matter
of particular concer
of particular concern.
Childhood adversity, characterized by the presence of sexual and physical abuse, is a global problem of significant proportions.1, 2 Epidemiologic studies3 - 5 indicate prevalence rates for all forms of childhood sexual abuse and physical abuse ranging from 11 %
Childhood adversity, characterized by the presence
of sexual and physical
abuse, is a global problem
of significant proportions.1, 2 Epidemiologic studies3 - 5 indicate prevalence
rates for all forms
of childhood sexual abuse and physical abuse ranging from 11 %
childhood sexual abuse and physical
abuse ranging from 11 % to 35 %.
Several studies have reported that early trauma, and especially
childhood sexual abuse, specifically increases the risk
of later hallucinations in both schizophrenia and bipolar patients.69 — 73 On the other hand, insecure attachment appears to be specifically associated with paranoia and not hallucinations.45, 46 Evidence that discrimination or victimization plays a specific role in the development
of paranoid beliefs has emerged from a population survey in the United States and Mexico, 39 from a prospective population - based study in Holland, 32 and from patients» retrospective reports
of their experiences
of intrusive74, 75 and threatening76 life events (as noted above, this effect may contribute to the elevated
rates of psychosis in immigrant populations).