Sentences with phrase «of circadian clocks»

Humankind can learn a lot from the power of circadian clocks and sunlight observation that are child's play to monarch butterflies.

Melanopsin cells in mammals are specialized for measuring ambient illumination, contributing to visual discrimination [8,9], and driving a wide variety of physiological responses including, but not restricted to: synchronization of circadian clocks to light: dark cycles, regulation of pupil size, modulation of sleep and suppression of pineal melatonin production [10 — 14].

As for what better knowledge of circadian clocks could unlock in the distant future, Rust entertains a tantalizing possibility.

He utilizes Drosophila genetics, bioinformatic (RNA - Seq, ChIP - Seq), and molecular genetic approaches to identify transcriptional regulators of circadian clocks and longevity.

Disruption of circadian clocks has been associated with accelerated aging and is a risk factor for many age - related diseases including cancer and diabetes.

The role of circadian clocks in modulating nutrient responses.

TIMEKEEPERS Three Americans have won the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine for discovering the gears of circadian clocks and how they govern daily rhythms, such as sleep, metabolism and other body processes.

Disruption of the circadian clock in the host alters the rhythms and composition of the microbial community, leading to obesity and metabolic problems.

Disruption of the circadian clock in humans is a hallmark of relatively recent lifestyle changes involving chronic shift work or frequent flights across time zones.

It's noteworthy, Sassone - Corsi said, that this reprogramming takes place independent of the state of obesity; rather, it's solely dependent upon caloric intake — showing the remarkable adaptability of the circadian clock.

«However, we were particularly intrigued to discover one mutant had a normal response to blue light, but a defective response to red or violet light — both the expected drop in ROC15 levels and the overall resetting of the circadian clock were impaired.

A key part of the circadian clock opposes this process, according to a paper published online Dec. 11 in Nature Cell Biology.

Restoring normal CSL in the mutant algae fixed the defective response of the circadian clock to red and violet light.

«This study adds to an important body of work that has shown the ubiquity of a circadian clock across species, including humans, and its role in metabolic regulation in cells, organs, and organisms,» said Dr. Michael Sesma, Program Director in the Division of Genetics and Developmental Biology at the of the National Institutes of Health's National Institute of General Medical Sciences, which partially funded the research.

«A big surprise for us was the extent to which internal motions of circadian clock proteins dictate... their function,» LiWang said.

«Our structures of the complexes of the circadian clock proteins of cyanobacteria provided important mechanistic insights, but are static snapshots of a system that's continuously moving and changing hour by hour,» said LiWang.

Chang: We have known for quite awhile now that light is the most powerful cue for shifting the phase or resetting the time of the circadian clock.

«Chrono, the last piece of the circadian clock puzzle?.»

«The disruption of the circadian clock machinery seems to affect not only the rhythm of appetite regulation, but also the expression of the genes and proteins at their absolute level,» says Turek, whose team reports its findings online today in Science.

Most genes involved in the regulation of the circadian clock have been characterized, but Akihiro Goriki, Toru Takumi and their colleagues from RIKEN and Hiroshima University in Japan and University of Michigan in the United States knew that a key component was missing and sough to uncover it in mammals.

Understanding the molecular mechanisms of the circadian clock can be used to develop drug treatments, too, he added.

Sound regulation of the circadian clock and body temperature are essential to sleep and health, according to researchers.

«It's the first example of a circadian clock gene in a human,» says Joseph Takahashi, a geneticist at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois.

When mice are fed during the day, says Yanagisawa, DMH hijacks the SCN signals, making food the primary arbiter of the circadian clock.

This would have positive impacts on the treatment of circadian clock diseases, sleep problems and human health,» explains Fumika Hamada, PhD, Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology at Cincinnati Children's, one of the study's lead investigators.

«We know that night time shift workers are more likely to suffer health problems due to disruption of their circadian clock, and the mismatch between the timing of the clock and their sleep - wake cycle.

I. Edery, J. E. Rutila, M. Rosbash, «Phase shifting of the circadian clock by induction of the Drosophila period protein,» Science 263, 5144 (14 January 1994)

Z. J. Huang, K. D. Curtin, M. Rosbash, «PER protein interactions and temperature compensation of a circadian clock in Drosophila,» Science 267, 5201 (24 February 1995)

Publication: Identification of circadian clock modulators from existing drugs.

Using drug repurposing, Yoshimura's group not only identified circadian rhythm changing drugs, but also succeeded in identifying genes that are involved in the regulation of the circadian clock.

These researchers gave the mice synthetic agonists to certain nuclear receptors that are involved in controlling expression of circadian clock proteins...

However, what was most fascinating, say the researchers, was how a drop in p75NTR levels then affected a variety of circadian clock systems.

Further investigation showed that DHEA shortens the period of the circadian clock in cultured human cells in a dose dependent manner.

«This research shows that exposure to environmental toxins may be depressing the function of our circadian clock, the disruption of which is linked to increased rates of cancer, diabetes, obesity, heart disease, and depression,» said Jennifer Hurley, an assistant professor of biological sciences, a member of the Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS) at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, and senior author on this research.

We want to unravel why the same components of the circadian clock in an adult regulate one set of genes while in an aged adult they regulate another set.

By studying the stem cells in two types of tissue, namely skin, muscle, and in liver, in young (three months old) and aged (18 to 22 months old) mice every four hours, «we observed that the core components of the circadian clock had no changes in their rhythm with age».

Cyanobacteria are one of the most ancient forms of life on Earth, and coupled with the universal nature of the circadian clock, this study indicates that its fundamental function is to help schedule different metabolic activities.

The findings, published online in Cell Reports on Dec. 10, 2015, offer a glimpse into the evolutionary roots of the circadian clock and point to potential applications in synthetic biology.

Sancar is also known for his work uncovering the inner workings of the circadian clock — a group of enzymes that keep us in proper rhythm with the 24 - hour day and the four seasons.

Within this broad topic we are particularly interested in characterising (i) the molecular mechanism by which these photoreceptors mediate light - dependent entrainment of the circadian clock, (ii) the components mediating, in a light - quality - dependent fashion, nucleocytoplasmic partitioning of phytochromes and UVR8, (iii) how phosphorylation and sumoylation of these photorecepors and other signalling components modulate red / far - red and UVB - induced signalling, and (iv) to what extent intercellular and cell - autonomous events contribute to phytochrome and UVR8 regulated photomorphogenesis.

They reported that individuals who read on the e-book took longer to fall asleep, had reduced evening sleepiness, reduced melatonin secretion, later timing of their circadian clock, and reduced next - morning alertness than when reading a printed book.

This finding suggested that temporal rhythms in energy intake are relevant for energy balance, perhaps identifying approaches involving timed feeding schedules, designed according to the properties of the circadian clock system, as possible strategies for weight management and the treatment of obesity.

In human populations, genome - wide association studies have revealed associations between variants of the circadian clock — related gene Mntr1b, which encodes melatonin receptor 1B, fasting glucose concentrations, and the risk of type 2 diabetes (12 — 14).

Not exact matches

It's a natural phenomenon of the human body clock, one of two daily slumps that are built into our circadian rhythm.

The pair realized once they had achieved an early working prototype that if the goal was to reset circadian rhythms to improve sleep, they needed accurate sleep data and a model of a user's body clock.

Though they're casting a wide net, she adds that «one of hundreds of things we'd be interested in seeing is more work on the role of the circadian or other developmental clocks in longevity.»

Take yourself outside every day for fresh air, a sense of vitality and all important Vitamin D. Daylight also helps to reset your internal body clock — also known as the circadian rhythm leading to better sleep and allowing your body to tune into what it needs.

People naturally experience different levels of tiredness and alertness throughout the day, which is largely regulated by our circadian biological clocks.

This balance is a part of the biological clock also known as the circadian cycle, which helps maintain a sleep and wake pattern in synch with body hormonal levels and all associated changes.

According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, an infant typically sleeps between 16 to 18 hours a day — and sleep patterns are erratic since newborns do not yet have an internal biological clock or circadian rhythm.