Jay accuses the foundation of failing to disclose the limited power
of classroom observation scores in predicting future test score gains over and above what one would predict based on value - added scores alone.
Not exact matches
State lawmakers earlier this year agreed to a package
of education policy changes that linked test
scores to evaluations as well as in -
classroom observation and made it more difficult for teachers to obtain tenure.
Following a three - year study that involved about 3,000 teachers, analysts said the most accurate measure
of a teacher's effectiveness was a combination
of classroom observations by at least two evaluators, along with student
scores counting for between 33 percent and 50 percent
of the overall evaluation.
Four - out -
of - five New York City voters (80 %) support a new teacher evaluation system based on both
classroom observations and test
scores, with 56 % supporting such a system strongly.
The New York Daily News reports on our poll that found that 80 %
of NYC voters support a new teacher evaluation system based on both
classroom observations and test
scores.
The New York Daily News blog reports on StudentsFirstNY's recent poll that found that 80 %
of NYC voters support a new teacher evaluation system based on both
classroom observations and test
scores.
Whatever the parties negotiate or King decides, the evaluation system will be based 20 percent on standardized test
scores when applicable, 20 percent on other evidence
of student learning and 60 percent on
classroom observation and other measures
of teacher effectiveness, in keeping with the 2010 state law on teacher evaluation.
These may include portfolios
of student work,
classroom observations, achievement measures, and intelligence
scores.
Using pre - and post-course surveys, open - ended questions, self - reports
of section leader teaching practices, and
classroom observations, the researchers compared student examination
scores and end -
of - course evaluations from 150 Masters - level candidates in the «Principles
of Epidemiology» introductory course.
The research team measured teacher - child interactions at the start and end
of the program using the
Classroom Assessment
Scoring System (CLASS), an
observation tool with three components: emotional support,
classroom organization, and instructional support.
After extensive research on teacher evaluation procedures, the Measures
of Effective Teaching Project mentions three different measures to provide teachers with feedback for growth: (1)
classroom observations by peer - colleagues using validated scales such as the Framework for Teaching or the
Classroom Assessment
Scoring System, further described in Gathering Feedback for Teaching (PDF) and Learning About Teaching (PDF), (2) student evaluations using the Tripod survey developed by Ron Ferguson from Harvard, which measures students» perceptions
of teachers» ability to care, control, clarify, challenge, captivate, confer, and consolidate, and (3) growth in student learning based on standardized test
scores over multiple years.
Under IMPACT, all teachers receive a single
score ranging from 100 to 400 points at the end
of each school year based on
classroom observations, measures
of student learning, and commitment to the school community.
Chronic absenteeism; a mix
of attendance indicators; choice to re-enroll in same school; standardized
observations that take into account factors including
classroom organization, emotional support, and instructional support; college - readiness measured by ACT, AP, and IB participation and
scores
The new evaluations, set to begin in the 2009 — 10 school year, will include student test
scores and five
classroom observations of each teacher each year.
But in the districts we examined, only teachers at the very tail end
of the distribution are dismissed because
of their evaluation
scores, and it turns out that teachers who get the very worst evaluation
scores remain at the tail end
of the distribution regardless
of whether their
classroom observation ratings are biased.
These new systems depend primarily on two types
of measurements: student test
score gains on statewide assessments in math and reading in grades 4 - 8 that can be uniquely associated with individual teachers; and systematic
classroom observations of teachers by school leaders and central staff.
In our report, we introduced a method for adjusting for the bias in
classroom observation scores by taking into account the demographic make - up
of teachers»
classrooms.
(Just as we did with
classroom observations, to avoid generating a spurious correlation between student survey responses and achievement
scores for the same group
of students, we estimated the correlation across different
classrooms of students taught by the same teacher.)
Several studies, including our own, clearly demonstrate that teacher evaluation systems that are based on a number
of components, such as
classroom observation scores and test -
score gains, are already much more effective at predicting future teacher performance than paper credentials and years
of experience.
Second, it would be a self - adjusting standard: if
classroom observation scores become inflated or if the quality
of those willing to enter teaching were to decline (or rise), the threshold for tenure would adjust accordingly.
Teachers»
scores on the
classroom observation components
of Cincinnati's evaluation system reliably predict the achievement gains made by their students in both math and reading.
Cincinnati provided us with records
of each
classroom observation conducted between the 2000 — 01 and 2008 — 09 school years, including the
scores that evaluators assigned for each specific practice element as a result
of that
observation.
Scores are based on multiple
classroom observations, measures
of student learning, and commitment to the school community.
While this approach contrasts starkly with status quo «principal walk - through» styles
of class
observation, its use is on the rise in new and proposed evaluation systems in which rigorous
classroom observation is often combined with other measures, such as teacher value - added based on student test
scores.
In addition, our analysis does not compare value added with other measures
of teacher quality, like evaluations based on
classroom observation, which might be even better predictors
of teachers» long - term impacts than VA
scores.
What's more, significantly improved predictive power from a mixture
of classroom observations with test
score gains could have made the case for why we need both.
All three studies achieved very high response rates on all data collections, whether teacher surveys,
classroom observations, collection
of teachers»
scores on college entrance exams or precertification exams, student achievement tests, collection
of student data from district administrative records, principal surveys, or interviews with program officials.
Or, put another way, if teachers were generating high test
score gains from their students by creating a climate
of abject fear in their
classrooms, their
observation scores should be low and that information is useful.
Even better, they were hoping that the combination
of classroom observations, student surveys, and previous test
score gains would be a much better predictor
of future test
score gains (or
of future
classroom observations) than any one
of those measures alone.
The evaluation
of educator effectiveness based on student test
scores and
classroom observation, for example, has the potential to drive instructional improvement and promises to reveal important aspects
of classroom performance and success.
If the project had produced what Gates was hoping, it would have found that
classroom observations were strong, independent predictors
of other measures
of effective teaching, like student test
score gains.
Jason Kamras, deputy to D.C. Schools Chancellor Michelle Rhee in charge
of human capital, talks with Education Next about the new teacher evaluation system put in place in D.C. Beginning this year, teachers in D.C. will be evaluated based on student test
scores (when available) and
classroom observations (by principals and master educators), and poorly performing teachers may be fired, regardless
of tenure.
In the MET data, this group consisted
of teachers who
scored ineffective on all three measures (
classroom observation, student assessment, and student perception surveys).
Cincinnati's merit pay plan, proposed in 2002, was overwhelmingly voted down by teachers (1892 to 73), even though the program did not base bonuses on student test
scores, but rather on a multifaceted evaluation system that included
classroom observations by professional peers and administrators and portfolios
of lesson plans and student work.
High -
scoring principals frequently observed
classroom instruction for short periods
of time, making 20 - 60
observations a week, and most
of the
observations were spontaneous.
For example, the publisher
of the SAT10, used in the current Policy, says that for student promotion decisions, test
scores «should be just one
of the many factors considered and probably should receive less weight than factors such as teacher
observation, day - to - day
classroom performance, maturity level, and attitude.
In most cases, new teacher evaluations will consist
of two parts:
observations of classrooms, which look at how teachers teach; and outcomes on tests, including
scores for students and value - added data, which measure how students progress.
Many states are adopting teacher evaluations and pay structures tied to student test -
score data rather than years
of experience, degrees, and
classroom observations.
The manual for the SAT - 10, which CPS used last year to retain students, states that test
scores «should be just one
of the many factors considered and probably should receive less weight than factors such as teacher
observation, day - to - day
classroom performance, maturity level, and attitude» — just the kind
of information in report cards.
Under the Annual Professional Performance Review system, each teacher receives a summary evaluation based on state - approved and local measures
of student performance (including the teacher's VAM
score),
classroom observations, and other measures.
Optimism, test
scores on the rise at English High School November 30, 2015 In a fourth - floor
classroom, students diligently scrawled notes across lined pages one recent morning as social studies teacher Frank Swoboda explained the role
of politics in economic development, peppering his lesson with
observations from students... read more.
In contrast to their view
of VAM
scores, teachers reported to us that they found
classroom observations helpful in providing actionable feedback on their teaching in real time — so they didn't have to wait until the end
of the year to make adjustments.
Observations of Effective Teacher - Student Interactions in Secondary School
Classrooms: Predicting Student Achievement With the Classroom Assessment
Scoring System - Secondary.
In a regression to predict student test
score gains using out
of sample test
score gains for the same teacher, student survey results, and
classroom observations, there is virtually no relationship between test
score gains and either
classroom observations or student survey results.
In only 3
of the 8 models presented is there any statistically significant relationship between either
classroom observations or student surveys and test
score gains (I'm excluding the 2 instances were they report p <.1 as statistically significant).
Not surprisingly, a composite teacher evaluation measure that mixes
classroom observations and student survey results with test
score gains is generally no better and sometimes much worse at predicting out
of sample test
score gains.
If I were running a school I'd probably want to evaluate teachers using a mixture
of student test
score gains,
classroom observations, and feedback from parents, students, and other staff.
This process combines the outcomes orientation
of student test
scores with the more subjective elements
of classroom observations.
Teachers who
score «ineffective» on either student performance or principal
observations can still be rated «developing» overall if they
score highly on the other metric, meaning some teachers that would have previously been pushed out
of the system will be allowed to stay in the
classroom at least a while longer.
That said, many testers and researchers find that subtest
scores combined with clinical or
classroom observation IS an excellent indication
of possible learning disabilities.