Tim Folger's cover story in National Geographic provides an excellent up - to - date overview of what's known, and remains unknown, about the pace
of coastal change in a warming world.
COAWST combines models of ocean, atmosphere, waves and sediment transport for analysis
of coastal change.
Looking at conditions over shorter periods of time, such as seasons, would provide more helpful detail, says Frank Muller - Karger, a biological oceanographer at the University of South Florida in St Petersburg who has been comparing EMUs with weekly maps
of coastal changes made using satellite imagery.
Not exact matches
Throw into the mix the proximity
of so many major cities to the coast and it's no surprise that climate
change - related flooding is estimated to cost the world's 136 largest
coastal cities US$ 52billion per year by 2050.
If the worst climate -
change predictions come true, hundreds
of coastal US towns and cities — from Atlantic City, New Jersey, to Galveston, Texas — could disappear underwater by 2100.
The effects
of oilsands production on climate
change must be confronted sooner or later — and given the increasing incidence
of weird weather and
coastal flooding, probably sooner.
Seattle - based map - maker and urban planner Jeffrey Linn has released a series
of city maps including one for Vancouver, showing how rising sea levels might drastically
change coastal living.
First off, yes: There's consensus that the science
of climate
change predicts that in a warming world, hurricanes will become more intense, carry more rain, and cause worse
coastal flooding linked in part to sea level rise.
For instance, the steady destruction
of our natural forests, pasture lands and inland
coastal water bodies has not only meant increased economic poverty for millions
of tribals, nomads and traditional fisherfolk, but also a slow cultural and social death: a dismal
change from rugged self - sufficient human beings to abjectly dependent landless laborers and squalor - stricken urban migrants.
«San Diego's picturesque
coastal views and Southern California charm have made the city one
of the country's leading tourist destinations and the
changes being made continue to highlight this.»
We talk to printmaker Fiona Carver about her linocuts, the inspiration behind her
coastal landscapes and the
changing perception
of craft.
Mass Audubon partners with the Massachusetts Division
of Fisheries & Wildlife (DFW) on
coastal waterbird protection, rare species protection, and planning for climate
change, among other issues.
«We have a moral obligation to our children and future generations to reduce the severe impacts
of climate
change like rising sea levels, which will disproportionately impact
coastal communities in Massachusetts,» said EPA Administrator McCarthy.
«This grant has made it possible for us to restore important
coastal marsh habitat, which faces a number
of major threats, including invasive species and climate
change.»
«From combating climate
change and reducing carbon emissions to safeguarding our
coastal communities and strengthening resiliency in the face
of extreme weather — New York must continue to lead the way forward,» Cuomo said in the statement.
But, rapid
change in the behavior
of parts
of the Antarctic ice sheet might cause much greater rise than is often included in
coastal planning.
Rising sea levels caused by a warming climate threaten greater future storm damage to New York City, but the paths
of stronger future storms may shift offshore,
changing the
coastal risk for the city, according to a team
of climate scientists.
You could argue [on] the climate
change [one], but [on nutrient] pollution we have used so much [fertilizer] and so much nitrogen compounds are loose in the environment, it is hard to recognize our
coastal oceans anymore;
of the species that are gone [and] that kind
of thing.
The researchers are careful not to imply that phosphorus necessarily caused the chain reaction, but in sedimentary rock taken from
coastal areas, the nutrient has marked the spot where that burst
of life and climate
change took off.
Sitting at the edge
of the Patagonian Shelf, in an area rich in marine resources, the Falklands are a unique natural laboratory in which to study sustainable fisheries, global climate
change,
coastal erosion, and plant and animal evolution.
The low - lying island nation offers the scientists a unique opportunity to reconstruct climate conditions during previous periods
of varying sea levels to help scientists better understand how future climate
change will the effect the 1,000 km - long archipelago and low - lying
coastal areas all around the world.
«We conclude that
coastal communities are facing a looming crisis due to climate
change related sea - level rise, one that will manifest itself as increased frequency
of Sandy - like inundation disasters in the coming decades along the mid-Atlantic and elsewhere, from storms with less intensity and lower storm surge than Sandy,» Sweet said.
An example
of such translational engagement is the NOAA - funded Climate Impacts Group at the University
of Washington, Seattle, which studies the impacts
of climate
change on water, fishery,
coastal, and forest resources in the Pacific Northwest.
As a result, estimates
of coastal vulnerability — which once focussed on sea level rise — now have to factor in
changing patterns
of storm erosion, more intense storms, and other
coastal effects.
NOAA's mission is to understand and predict
changes in the Earth's environment, from the depths
of the ocean to the surface
of the sun, and to conserve and manage our
coastal and marine resources.
The climate exposure
of each reserve provides «first alarm» indicators about the effects
of climate
change on
coastal ecosystems.
Also in January, the nonprofit group Reptile & Amphibian Ecology International (RAEI) announced that an expedition to the rain forests
of coastal Ecuador had found new reptiles, insects, and amphibians whose habitat is threatened by climate
change and deforestation.
Fears that climate
change will erode progress McCarty is an organizer
of a climate
change conference taking place in Washington, D.C., this week that has brought together
coastal American Indians and indigenous groups from the United States and its Pacific Island protectorates and territories.
Any research that relies on measuring
changes in Earth's surface, including studies
of volcanoes and
coastal erosion, would benefit from elevation data produced by the SETSM software, Howat said.
Storms that battered Australia's east coast are a harbinger
of things to come and a stark reminder
of the need for a national effort to monitor the growing threat from climate
change, UNSW
coastal researchers warn.
To track
changes in
coastal waters and predict when seafood species in the region may be safe to consume, it will be necessary to establish a «temporal data set» — that is, to measure the levels and distributions
of contaminant radionuclides at a given location over time, he says.
Such extensive sea level rise would
change the face
of planet Earth —
coastal cities such as Mumbai, Tokyo or New York are likely to be at risk.
At the same time, rising sea levels due to climate
change increasingly threaten low - lying
coastal communities with inundation and beach erosion — and stressed corals may not be able to grow vertically fast enough to match the pace
of sea level rise.
On 24 November, the two countries signed a joint statement on environmental protection that will facilitate and guide U.S. - Cuba cooperation — both governmental and non-governmental — on issues including
coastal and marine protection, the protection
of biodiversity including endangered and threatened species, climate
change, disaster risk reduction, and marine pollution, Wiley said.
For the study «Doubling
of coastal erosion under rising sea level by mid-century in Hawaiʻi,» published this week in Natural Hazards, the research team developed a simple model to assess future erosion hazards under higher sea levels — taking into account historical
changes of Hawaiʻi shorelines and the projected acceleration
of sea level rise reported from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC).
The muddying
of coastal waters by climate
change could drastically increase levels
of neurotoxic mercury in sea life, contaminating food supplies.
When most people think
of the physical effects
of climate
change, they picture melting glaciers, shrinking sea ice or flooded
coastal towns (SN: 4/16/16, p. 22).
Based on research led by University
of Cincinnati geologist Eva Enkelmann in the St. Elias Mountain Range — located along the Pacific
coastal region
of North America — the way a mountain range moves and behaves topographically can also
change and create its local climate by redirecting wind and precipitation.
A new report by authors from UCLA School
of Law's Emmett Center on Climate
Change and the Environment and UCLA's Institute
of the Environment and Sustainability explores the sources and impacts
of plastic marine litter and offers domestic and international policy recommendations to tackle these growing problems — a targeted, multifaceted approach aimed at protecting ocean wildlife,
coastal waters,
coastal economies and human health.
Just as preserving forests offers a chance to sequester carbon and curb climate
change, preventing the disruption
of coastal habitats, which are often razed for development or aquaculture, ensures that their deep carbon deposits are not released into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.
«If one lives in Canada's north or in our
coastal communities, or really in any community that is subject to extreme weather conditions, and the resulting floods, droughts, and wildfires, the effects
of climate
change itself, can not be denied.
Rising global temperatures, ice field and glacial melting and rising sea levels are among the climatic
changes that could ultimately lead to the submergence
of coastal areas that are home to 1.3 billion people today, according to the report, published online today by the journal Nature Climate
Change.
Anthropomorphic
changes threaten the stability
of coastal ecosystems, but whether economic growth contributes to such degradation is unknown.
Organizers hope the strategy to mobilize a local community will catch on as more and more
coastal towns face the effects
of climate
change and the need to protect their shorelines.
Coastal wetland areas are easier for governments to manage compared with ecosystems that reside in international waters, further adding to the strategic value
of coastal wetlands in the fight against climate
change.
Dr. Martone's analyses
of the effects
of sea otters on kelp forest ecosystems can help shape predictions
of how climate
change and trophic cascades, in concert with other drivers, affect
coastal ecosystems.
Unexpectedly, this more detailed approach suggests
changes in Antarctic
coastal winds due to climate
change and their impact on
coastal currents could be even more important on melting
of the ice shelves than the broader warming
of the ocean.
Antarctica's Whillans Ice Stream helps researchers predict climate
change — and the fate
of coastal cities around the world.
«This particular project is a blending
of our interests in estuarine and
coastal hydrodynamics and our interests in climate
change,» Hill said.
Thus, a homeowner will probably not be able to show that the hurricane that destroyed his house was spawned by global warming, but the state
of Florida may well prove that increased damage to
coastal property over several years has a lot to do with climate
change.