A crater - producing impact often creates a peak in the center
of the crater floor.
The most conspicuous feature on Vesta is a giant impact crater located around its south polar region, which is 310 miles (499 kilometers) across and nearly 12 miles (19 km) deep around a «bull's - eye» central peak rising 11 miles (or 18 km) above the exposed mantle rock
of the crater floor — that is characteristic of rock rebounding from an impact.
Scientists have speculated that ice could persist for long periods of time without sublimating to vapor in places such as Cabeus, because the rim of the crater, coupled with the low angle of the sun, keeps part
of the crater floor in perpetual darkness.
Billions of years ago, enough water flowed down from the rim of Gale crater to carry gravel to the middle
of the crater floor — where the Curiosity rover found and imaged it 3 weeks ago, the NASA mission's team members reported in a press conference today.
Huge landslides, which seem to have occurred after the boulders were deposited, have blanketed much
of the crater floors.
Not exact matches
A rush
of moving magma on Hawaii's Kīlauea volcano has triggered hundreds
of earthquakes in recent days and caused the
crater floor at Puu Oo to collapse.
The impact excavated a 20 - metre - wide
crater in the
floor of Cabeus, kicking up plumes
of lunar material.
The rover is making its way to the base
of Mount Sharp, where it will investigate lower layers
of a mountain that rises three miles from the
floor of the
crater.
This cracking may have resulted from the cooling
of impact melt, or when the
crater floor was uplifted after the
crater formed.
The dome area is situated on the Arctic Ocean
floor just north
of the
craters.
A theoretical study by David Paige
of the University
of California at Los Angeles found that shadowed
crater floors could be as cold as 60 K -LRB--213 °C), well below the 112 K -LRB--161 °C) needed to retain water ice for billions
of years.
Because the poles are always at the edge
of the sunlit side
of Mercury, flat areas receive little solar energy and long shadows keep polar
crater floors in perpetual darkness.
More commonly, in the second category, bright material is found on the rims
of craters, streaking down toward the
floors.
In addition, several Cerean
craters have patterns
of visible fractures on their
floors.
Last year, her research team delivered the coup de grâce: evidence
of an impact
crater off the northwest coast
of Australia, hidden beneath two miles
of sediment on the ocean
floor.
Spanning northern latitudes
of 43 ° to 56 ° (Phoenix landed at 68 ° N), five new
craters were a few meters in diameter, a few decimeters deep, and
floored with a bright, white material that looked like clean ice.
Parachutes will slow its descent through the atmosphere; air bags will cushion its fall onto the rock - strewn
floor of a vast impact
crater called Isidis Planitia.
The largest concentration appears to drape discontinuously across the southwest
floor and rim
of Ernutet and onto an older, highly degraded
crater.
Measuring geological time: Two pyroclastic vents on the
floor of Mercury's Kipling
crater, top, would likely not have survived the impact; they are more recent.
Head and his team examined high - resolution images
of the
crater and its gullies taken by orbiting spacecraft and found evidence
of features that suggested glaciers once covered the
crater floor about 10 million to 20 million years ago.
In January 2015, Opportunity took pictures from a «high point» on the rim
of Endeavour, about 440 feet (134 feet) above the surrounding
crater floor.
These deposits can be seen on the
crater floors now, said study team member David Marchant
of Boston University.
Of particular interest is a bright pit on the floor of crater Occator that exhibits probable sublimation of water ice, producing haze clouds inside the crater that appear and disappear with a diurnal rhyth
Of particular interest is a bright pit on the
floor of crater Occator that exhibits probable sublimation of water ice, producing haze clouds inside the crater that appear and disappear with a diurnal rhyth
of crater Occator that exhibits probable sublimation
of water ice, producing haze clouds inside the crater that appear and disappear with a diurnal rhyth
of water ice, producing haze clouds inside the
crater that appear and disappear with a diurnal rhythm.
The planet's axis doesn't have much tilt, so its poles get little direct sunlight, and the
floors of some
craters get no direct sunlight at all.
The
floors of some deep
craters near the poles are never exposed to direct sunlight, and temperatures there remain far lower than the global average.
The large impact that formed the
crater likely involved a lot
of heat, explaining the relatively smooth
crater floor punctuated by smaller
craters.
This image high - resolution image
of Juling
Crater on Ceres, taken by NASA's Dawn spacecraft, reveals, in exquisite detail, features on the rims and
crater floor.
These regions are typically located on a
crater floor or along a section
of the
crater wall facing the pole.
For the lunar imagers out there, a real challenge is to see how many
of Plato's cratelets you can capture on the
floor of the
crater, as many
of them are smaller than 2 km across.
All the bright (radar - reflective) features are believed to be deposits
of frozen volatile substances, likely water ice, at least several metres thick in the permanently shaded
floors of craters.
Plato is my next favourite
crater because
of it's super smooth
floor that makes it standout so much from the surrounding terrain.
Scientists now believe that ice collects on the
floors of deep
craters at Mercury's poles, where it can remain permanently shaded from the Sun and reach temperatures as low as -235 degrees Fahrenheit (125 degrees Kelvin).
Study authors write that some views
of Occator appear to show a diffuse haze near the surface that fills the
floor of the
crater.
In contrast, the smaller dark spots (which can appear as gray, brown, or red) may be the remains
of low - speed, carbon - rich asteroids that splattered such» deposits» onto Vesta's surface, or they may be the result
of higher - speed asteroid that melted and darkened volcanic basaltic crust on
crater walls and
floors, or on surrounding hills and ridges (NASA DAWN news release).
Leading theories include lava channels, collapsed lava tubes, near - surface dike intrusion, nuée ardente (pyroclastic cloud), subsidence
of lava - covered basin and
crater floors, and tectonic extension.
Ngorongoro Sopa Lodge itself is an architectural marvel, built on the rim
of a collapsed volcano that boasts the most magnificent views over the
crater floor.
The Kanawinka Geopark's spectacular and intriguing volcanic landscape also offers a range
of other visitor experiences, from a 45 - minute tour to the surface
of Mount Gambier's Blue Lake, to the 45 minute walk up Mount Schank and down to the
crater floor.
I was able to walk the
crater floor and witness the magnitude
of the volcano up close.
Positioned in the mountains, on the
floor of the largest inhabited volcano
crater in the world, this quiet village is the place to come for fresh air, stunning views, hiking, swimming and relaxing.
Includes two full - day island visits to North Seymour, a small flat island surrounded by low cliffs, South Plaza, an uplifted slab
of sea
floor or Bartolomé, characterised by a high volcanic
crater.
Days 9 & 10 Includes two full - day island visits to North Seymour, a small flat island surrounded by low cliffs, South Plaza, an uplifted slab
of sea
floor or Bartolomé, characterised by a high volcanic
crater.
Day 6 Full - day island visit to either North Seymour, a small flat island surrounded by low cliffs, South Plaza, an uplifted slab
of sea
floor, Bartolomé, characterised by a high volcanic
crater or Santa Fe, one
of the oldest islands
of the archipelago.
Located on the top
floor of the resort, this luxury penthouse commands ocean views from the sandy Kahala Bay shoreline to the Koko Head
crater.
On the other hand, the Ngorongoro Conservation Area yet another splendid destination with sights
of the uncommon black rhino, the Big Five plus a varied
of bird species all living on the
floor of the stunning
crater.
It makes no difference whether we are face - to - face with one
of his large format images, in which he allows the pigments dissolved in epoxy resin to run slowly down the picture carriers in satiated, glistening vertical stripes; or whether we study those works in which small drilled
craters disclose many apparently archeological layers
of paint, or find ourselves in one
of his site - specific, all - over paintings that cover the walls,
floors and ceilings, their iridescent stripes
of color subduing entire architectures and permanently altering the viewer's perception.
Amid clouds
of toxic sulfur dioxide gas, he carries heavy loads up a steep, rocky path from the
crater floor to the rim, then to a distant weigh - station.
Episodic and explosive escapes
of gaseous methane from the sediment column have been documented by kilometer - scale «wipeout zones» in seismic images (Riedel et al., 2002), and pockmarks on the sea
floor, called eruption
craters (Hill et al., 2004).