Fred Pearce celebrates the optimistic view of ecologist Chris Thomas that we are entering a new age
of creative evolution...
The fourth is some form
of creative evolution.
I hope also, it will, by shedding further light on the place of mathematics in Bergson's universe, allow us to make sense of the otherwise murky «vitalism»
of Creative Evolution, and of the possible heuristic value of Bergson's approach to biology.
The theories
of Creative Evolution thus become more comprehensible if viewed through the lenses of chronobiology.
Thus there appeared the philosophy
of creative evolution, whose leading protagonist was Henri Bergson, a French biologist who had turned to philosophical writing.
Because
of this creative evolution, to a real degree it is not possible to predict the future qualitatively, although there is certainly causation which can be discovered after the fact.
I should add that if I am off the mark in suggesting such common ground, then I recommend that Peirce's account brings into focus more sharply what the central tension must be in any metaphysics
of creative evolution.
I have tried to emphasize the reason agape is both relevant and essential in an account
of creative evolution at the level of both the cosmic and the finite.
Mankind is a masterpiece
of creative evolution.
Not exact matches
Porcini spoke at the World Innovation Forum in New York today about the
evolution of «design thinking,» a form
of creative problem solving.
In other words, those happen because those are natural firsts, those happen naturally because
of evolution but can you create those kind
of important moments in your life and it really comes down to creating doing new things, always creating — you have to be a little more
creative when you get older to create those new things but those are the things you think about which I think are quite important.
Whoever wants to replace the Creator's realization
of this plan by a totally autonomous
evolution, inevitably either ascribes some mythic
creative power to
evolution, or else abandons any attempt at rational understanding and explains everything as the blind play
of arbitrary chance.
This is Whitehead's way
of expressing his conviction that with respect to all - encompassing creativity,
evolution is itself the
creative process that is supported by entities arising within it.
Far from
evolution being random and open ended, the cosmos is a vast, ordered equation which unfolds according to a specific purpose under the
creative concursus
of the Mind
of God.
The change that has come about in theologies that partake
of creative and emergent
evolution can be described in this way: since mechanism is no longer the base
of their evolutionary thinking, idealism is no longer essential as a strategy
of thought in resolving the tension between science and faith.
He was vulnerable at many points, as we are now able to see; for the art
of thinking forward, as we live forward, 13 or
of perceiving holistically, or relationally, not only was as yet undeveloped but hardly acknowledged as being legitimate in Western thought during Bergson's earlier years when he wrote
Creative Evolution (1911).
The contrast between Darwinian
evolution and the
creative or emergent
evolution of recent years may be sharpened if we look more closely at the decisive notions which are seen to be formative in each case.
Behind these works and underlying their organismic philosophy were Bergson's
Creative Evolution, which had made a deep impression on Wieman, and the radical empirical writings
of William James, especially Pluralistic Universe and Essays in Radical Empiricism.
We are forgetting that one third
of Americans embrace
evolution as God's
creative tool (theistic evolutionists).
For example, how do we see the
creative and redemptive love
of God through the perspective
of the age - long development
of the immense universe, only a speck
of which we inhabit, and
of the
evolution of sentient and rational life on this earth through thousands and millions
of years?
The attempts
of such seers as Teilhard de Chardin to set the whole story
of evolution in the light
of the continually
creative love
of God have, I believe, despite their obvious deficiencies, much to offer us.
Finally, modern process philosophers like Bergson and Whitehead focus upon the process
of coming to be (or genesis, creativity,
creative evolution, becoming) and find this to be a universal feature
of the world process.
As evidence he cites a few pages from
Creative Evolution saying that «Bergson repudiates the notion
of disorder, and divides order into two kinds, vital and geometrical.
Without intelligence, it would have remained in the form
of instinct...» (
Creative Evolution, 178).
Life in its entirety, regarded as a
creative evolution, is something analogous; it transcends finality, if we understand by finality the realization
of an idea conceived or conceivable in advance.
For Bergson, like many process thinkers (Peirce, James and Dewey come particularly to mind), the entire concept
of «necessity» only makes sense when applied internally to abstractions the intellect has already devised.11 Of course, one can tell an evolutionary story about how the human intellect came to be a separable function of consciousness that emphasizes abstraction (indeed, that is what Bergson does in Creative Evolution), but if one were to say that the course of development described in that story had to occur (i.e., necessarily) as it did, then one would be very far from Bergson's view (CE 218, 236, 270
of «necessity» only makes sense when applied internally to abstractions the intellect has already devised.11
Of course, one can tell an evolutionary story about how the human intellect came to be a separable function of consciousness that emphasizes abstraction (indeed, that is what Bergson does in Creative Evolution), but if one were to say that the course of development described in that story had to occur (i.e., necessarily) as it did, then one would be very far from Bergson's view (CE 218, 236, 270
Of course, one can tell an evolutionary story about how the human intellect came to be a separable function
of consciousness that emphasizes abstraction (indeed, that is what Bergson does in Creative Evolution), but if one were to say that the course of development described in that story had to occur (i.e., necessarily) as it did, then one would be very far from Bergson's view (CE 218, 236, 270
of consciousness that emphasizes abstraction (indeed, that is what Bergson does in
Creative Evolution), but if one were to say that the course
of development described in that story had to occur (i.e., necessarily) as it did, then one would be very far from Bergson's view (CE 218, 236, 270
of development described in that story had to occur (i.e., necessarily) as it did, then one would be very far from Bergson's view (CE 218, 236, 270).
In order for the world to be independent
of God and to possess its own existence, or to undergo a genuine self - transcendence in
evolution, its
creative ground would in some way make itself absent from that world instead
of overwhelming it with divine presence.
Meland traces the growing influence
of Whitehead's philosophy on the images
of thought both in modernism as stimulated by Darwinian
evolution, and changes in the post-Darwinian era ushered in by the
creative evolution movement in physics.
There are parallels here with the role
of evolution, which also appears to take
creative power out
of God's hands and yet is a part
of God's creation.
Hausman believes that Peirce's insight is restricted in the role
of eros and agape in
creative evolution, but he also suggests the fruitfulness
of his insight.
First, further development
of the proposal that agape functions in
evolution, and specifically in finite
creative processes, would provide a general framework within which distinctively
creative processes can be related to other processes.
If a process is
creative, then, the subject contributes out
of itself to the
evolution of its process.
The feature
of evolution which points toward the need for agape is
creative growth, that is, the presence
of spontaneity and the introduction
of unpredictable, intelligible novelty into the process
of evolution.
Our objective is to reconstruct and explain the necessary conditions
of individual free acts treated by Bergson, particularly in Matter and Memory and
Creative Evolution.
Peirce seems to believe this, too, since he views agape as spreading among the creatures who participate in
creative evolution, and he speaks
of the genius as one who acts agapastically as an individual rather than as a community.
While it is conceivable that the physical being
of man might have developed through
evolution, according to physical laws charted and explained by science, it is not conceivable that man in his total being could exist without a
creative act by some transcendent agency, the God
of the Bible being the prime suspect.
We do not deny or circumscribe the Creator, because we hold he has created the self - acting originating human mind, which has almost a
creative gift; much less then do we deny or circumscribe His power, if we hold that He gave matter such laws as by their blind instrumentality moulded and constructed through innumerable ages the world as we see it... Mr Darwin's theory need not then be atheistical, be it true or not; it may simply be suggesting a larger idea
of Divine Prescience and Skill... At first sight I do not see that «the accidental
evolution or organic beings» is inconsistent with divine design - It is accidental to us, not to God.»
Ours is a universe where purpose can operate if the entities that are created in its
evolution are themselves responsive and
creative toward each new possibility
of cosmic
evolution.
These references suggest Whitehead's familiarity with
Creative Evolution and Bergson's other works, to be sure, but the ideas are not utilized in any sense remotely resembling an evolutionary cosmology, or suggesting any real influence of Bergson's own variation of «emergent» evolution (cf. PR xii / vii, 33 / 49, 82 / 126, 107 / 163, 114 / 174, 209 / 319, 220 / 336, 280 / 428, 32
Evolution and Bergson's other works, to be sure, but the ideas are not utilized in any sense remotely resembling an evolutionary cosmology, or suggesting any real influence
of Bergson's own variation
of «emergent»
evolution (cf. PR xii / vii, 33 / 49, 82 / 126, 107 / 163, 114 / 174, 209 / 319, 220 / 336, 280 / 428, 32
evolution (cf. PR xii / vii, 33 / 49, 82 / 126, 107 / 163, 114 / 174, 209 / 319, 220 / 336, 280 / 428, 321 / 489).
The balance issues in his fundamental doctrine
of creative process or
evolution, which modulates between the notion
of mere possibility (lacking directional influence or aim) and the notion
of a rigorous directional determinism.
«24 And yet it must be admitted that in maximizing the qualitative aesthetic intensity
of the cosmos its
creative ground must be held responsible for at least some
of the chaos that accompanies
evolution.
Amen.The thing is too many people from both sides try to disprove the other, Scientist (well some) will say there is no God Ala Hawkings here and then some believers will say that
evolution or anything pertaining to science that they don't understand is false.I don't believe that science and God are mutually exclusive.For me personally science helps to explain a lot
of things regarding creation, almost like giving me a window into how
creative God is.I believe that God uses science to show us how awesome he is.To me science does not disprove Gods existence it actually reaffirms it on a human logic level, for me.You may disagree, that's fine, but this is just how I see it.
Creative development, like the
evolution of life, can be based only upon soundly poised structure, otherwise the mutation will be a decadence.
Bergson has a general concept
of what he calls
creative evolution.
The «proportionality» between consciousness and the durations
of matter outlined in Matter and Memory is thus retained in
Creative Evolution.
The theory
of matter developed in
Creative Evolution is an exact inverse
of the theory
of life developed there.
We might try to supplement what we can objectively observe about this «
creative force» but it is likely that any further observations about the existence
of a God is purely speculative and is subject to little, if any, respect at this stage in our
evolution.
The theory
of differing breadths
of duration, capable
of extending over each other, and the notion
of matter «which results from it, are further developed in
Creative Evolution through reflections on thermodynamics.
Creative Evolution is an extrapolation
of the mind - matter duality
of Matter and Memory.
In
Creative Evolution he gives a more thorough analysis
of the historical factors leading to Kantian relativism and the misunderstandings they involve.