However, it is the so - called «secondary» side
of cyclodextrins that is the real business end of the molecule.
(One of Hempel's daughters suffered a stroke after ICV administration
of cyclodextrin, although not as part of the NIH trial; it was being administered separately under a compassionate use protocol approved by the Food and Drug Administration.)
«Dr. Vite's studies provided important information on the potential
of cyclodextrin in treating Niemann Pick Disease type C1,» Porter said.
The Phase 2/3 trials will be sponsored by Vtesse, a new biotech company that was formed specifically to evaluate the safety and efficacy
of cyclodextrin for the treatment of NPC and ultimately obtain FDA labeling if the drug is effective.
Chan emailed the twins» mother, who told him what to do to get Galya on the treatment, and then asked Wang if he'd be willing to apply on his daughter's behalf for compassionate use
of cyclodextrin.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asia.201600259/full Subcutaneous administration
of cyclodextrin significantly improved spatial learning and memory deficits in Alzheimer disease mice model doi: 10.1084 / jem.20121239.
Not exact matches
-
cyclodextrin from which polymer chains
of poly (acrylicacid)- block - poly (7 - methylacryloyloxy -4-methylcoumarin)(PAA - b - PMAMC) are grown.
Now Fraser Stoddart
of Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, and colleagues have devised a cage made
of gamma -
cyclodextrin, a ring
of glucose molecules often used as a food additive (Angewandte Chemie, DOI: 10.1002 / anie.201002343).
Cyclodextrin molecules are made from a ring
of six, seven or eight hexagonal sugar units linked end to end.
D'Souza's team used an efficient reaction to make the intermediate, heptakis -2,3-epoxy-beta-
cyclodextrin, from a known silicon - containing derivative
of beta -
cyclodextrin (Journal
of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, 1992, p 1112).
The basic molecular unit consists
of two main pieces:
cyclodextrin (shown in blue in the figure below) and a six - carbon ring called tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile (red).
Last year, two groups led by Jacques Defaye at the French national research centre CNRS, and Fraser Stoddart, then at the University
of Sheffield, independently reported making another
cyclodextrin derivative, per (3,6 - anhydro)
cyclodextrin.
The porous
cyclodextrin polymers reached 95 %
of their adsorption capacity in just 10 seconds.
However some
of the existing activated carbon filters actually have even more surface area than the
cyclodextrins.
Vtesse is currently running a late - stage clinical trial
of the drug, a large sugar molecule known as a
cyclodextrin, in which it is injected by lumbar puncture into the spinal fluid
of children with the disease (see «Why are people fighting over a promising treatment for a fatal childhood disease»).
The scientists ran a sample
of BPA - contaminated water through both the new porous
cyclodextrins as well as three existing activated carbons and two nonporous
cyclodextrin polymers.
The new
cyclodextrin polymers have an enormous surface area per mass: 250 m2 per gram, meaning that 2 grams
of the stuff contains more than enough surface area to completely cover an NBA basketball court.
It is a β -
cyclodextrin polymer, meaning it is composed
of long strands
of repeating molecules.
Like carbon - based water filters, the new
cyclodextrin polymers owe much
of their stickiness to a large surface area.
Cyclodextrins do not cross the blood - brain barrier, and it is almost always brain damage that kills the young victims
of NPC.
But in studies
of mouse models
of the disease,
cyclodextrins, even when administered peripherally, have significantly impacted the neurological damage; it's not known how.
Also at issue — and dividing parents and scientists — is whether the Florida firm's intravenous - only delivery
of its competing
cyclodextrin, now moving into clinical trials, is appropriate.
The Johns Hopkins team used a microshell made
of a sugar - based polymer called
cyclodextrin to protect the 3BrPA drug molecules from disintegrating early and to guard healthy tissue from the drug's toxic effects, such as weight loss, hypothermia and lethal hypoglycemic shock.
«Drug trial shows promise for deadly neurological disorder:
Cyclodextrin slows progression
of Niemann - Pick type C.» ScienceDaily.
The star - shaped block co-polymer structures consist
of a central beta -
cyclodextrin core to which multiple «arms» — as many as 21 linear block co-polymers — are covalently bonded.
In the drug trial, researchers have shown that treatment with a type
of sugar molecule called
cyclodextrin slows progression
of the disease.
«We were at the time repeating published studies that had found that a certain drug dissolved in 2 - hydroxypropyl - beta -
cyclodextrin, or HPβCD, was beneficial in the mouse model
of NPC disease.
A study coming out in Science Translational Medicine and led by University
of Pennsylvania School
of Veterinary Medicine researchers has shown that cats with NPC — which mirrors the human version
of the disease — show vast improvements when treated with a compound called
cyclodextrin.
Based on the results
of this trial and past work, Ory said a larger phase three clinical trial — that is both randomized and controlled — is already underway investigating
cyclodextrin for patients with NPC.
The Wikipedia page also linked to stories about twin 5 - year - old girls who in 2009 had become the first Americans to fight NPC with an experimental treatment called
cyclodextrin — but only after their parents had spent years pressing for «compassionate use»
of the investigational drug outside
of a clinical trial.
It's a polymer made
of repeated units
of two different molecules linked together: a giant ring - shaped molecule called beta -
cyclodextrin that's made from cornstarch, and a fluorine - rich molecule called decafluorobiphenyl, or DFB.
PLAQUE BE GONE A sugar called
cyclodextrin stopped cholesterol crystals (white) from building up in the arteries
of mice on a high - fat diet.
«Many
of these drugs, including
cyclodextrin, are still in the experimental stages.
Walenbergh SMA, Houben T, Hendrikx T, Jeurissen MLJ, Gorp van PJ, Vaes N, Olde Damink SWM, Verheyen F, Koek GH, Lütjohann D, Grebe A, Latz E, Shiri - Sverdlov R. Weekly Treatment
of 2 - Hydroxypropyl - β -
cyclodextrin Improves Intracellular Cholesterol Levels in LDL Receptor Knockout Mice.
Recently, Drs. Nociari and Boulan have identified a family
of cyclic sugars, called beta -
cyclodextrins (beta - CDs), that bind and reduce bisretinoid - lipofuscin levels from cultured cells.
The EU assessment report confirms that consumption
of alpha -
cyclodextrin can reduce blood sugar peaks following a high - starch meal.
The reason alpha -
cyclodextrins lower postprandial glucose and cholesterol, and the reason they got relatively easy approval for use as food additives even in the EU, is because they aren't absorbed systemically: they work largely as soluble fiber does, binding excreted bile acids and slowing absorption
of glucose.
Duan MS, Zhao N, Ossurardottir IB, Thorsteinsson T, Loftsson T.
Cyclodextrin solubilization
of the antibacterial agents triclosan and triclocarban: formation
of aggregates and higher - order complexes.
Dmitry: as the paper itself notes, the most likely mechanism for the ability
of hydroxypropyl - β -
cyclodextrin to lower Aβ burden in the mouse model is AD finding is by normalizing membrane cholesterol content and reducing the appearance
of abnormal cathepsin D - positive lysosomes, leading to reduced beta - secretase cleavage
of APP and an upregulation
of genes involved in cholesterol trafficking and Aβ clearance.
Because
cyclodextrin treatment in humans is safe (FDA approved application
of 2 hydroxypropyl - β -
cyclodextrin for the treatment
of Niemann - Pick disease, type C. Phase I clinical trial) and
cyclodextrin beneficially affects key mechanisms
of atherogenesis, it may therefore be used clinically to prevent or treat human atherosclerosis http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/8/333/333ra50.
Cyclodextrins have great potential as Protective Agents
of Protein Aggregation.
These include
cyclodextrins, rice proteins, hyaluronic acid & bio extract
of Salicornia.