This domain has been hypothesized to provide the enzymatic activity needed to convert C to U because it carries motifs characteristic
of cytidine deaminases.
Not exact matches
Cytidines or uridines are added to C5 to generate chain lengths
of 10 to 11 nucleotides, with longer products being generated at greatly reduced efficiency.
This cellular machinery translates its sequence
of four kinds
of nucleosides — adenosine,
cytidine, uridine, and guanosine — into a protein.
As these cells rapidly proliferate, they also express high levels
of an enzyme known as activation - induced
cytidine deaminase (AID), which induces mutations in their DNA.
Particular
cytidines in transcripts in chloroplasts and mitochondria
of plant cells undergo modification to uridine by RNA editing (1).
Predominant role for activation - induced
cytidine deaminase in generating IgG anti-nucleosomal antibodies
of murine SLE.
Liu and coworkers developed last year's base editor by combining three proteins: a
cytidine deaminase, a natural enzyme that converts C to uridine (U); a mutated Cas9 CRISPR enzyme that doesn't cut DNA but uses an associated guide RNA to target specific DNA sequences; and a protein that prevents reversion
of U back to C.
Dr. Honjo is well known for his discovery
of activation - induced
cytidine deaminase that is essential for class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation.
Global demethylation requires activation - induced
cytidine deaminase (AID)- mediated downregulation
of UHRF1 protein, and abolishing demethylation leaves thousands
of hypermethylated regions in the iPSC genome.
Crystal structure
of an ADP - ribosylated protein with a
cytidine deaminase - like fold, but unknown function (TM1506), from Thermotoga maritima at 2.70 A resolution.