Canada - DONATE study protocol: a prospective national observational study of the medical management
of deceased organ donors
There is much demand for organs and a shortage
of deceased organ donations.
In this study, researchers utilized national data on inpatient deaths in the United States to estimate the potential supply
of deceased organ donors, and used these data, in combination with State Inpatient Databases (SIDs) to develop new metrics of OPO performance that better reflect the true deceased donor supply in each geographic area.
Not exact matches
Some states have, in addition, passed laws requiring medical personnel to ask the family
of the
deceased to donate his or her
organs.
At a conference on transplantation last year sponsored by the American College
of Legal Medicine, Thomas Starzl endorsed a policy
of presumed consent, which allows physicians to retrieve
organs unless the
deceased opted out by specifically stating an opposition to
organ donation prior to death.
The British Medical Association advocated for a «soft» system
of «presumed consent» and under the proposed legislation,
deceased individuals will be presumed to have consented to donating their
organs on their death, unless they have expressed an objection during their lifetime.
The AST and ASTS leaders have conceived an «arc
of change» that starts with immediate work to remove all financial disincentives to
organ donation for both living and
deceased donors.
By passively cooling
deceased organ donor body temperature by approximately two degrees from normal body temperature, researchers saw an overall nearly 40 percent increase in the successful function
of donated kidneys after surgery.
The research team identified potential
deceased donors based on specific criteria such as a ventilated inpatient death
of a patient 75 years or younger, without multi-
organ system failure, sepsis, or cancer, and whose cause
of death was consistent with
organ donation — which includes neurologic determination
of death (DNDD) or circulatory determination
of death (DCDD).
Mild hypothermia in
deceased organ donors significantly reduces delayed graft function in kidney transplant recipients when compared to normal body temperature, according to UC San Francisco researchers and collaborators, a finding that could lead to an increase in the availability
of kidneys for transplant.
«This is critical because the number
of available
deceased organ donors has been stagnant, but the demand has dramatically increased.
Based on the results, researchers suggest two new metrics, which should be standardized, for measuring OPO performance: evaluating donation percentage — the percentage
of possible
deceased - donors who become actual donors — and tracking
organs transplanted per possible donor.
Slight changes to the system for allocating
deceased - donor kidneys could result in higher rates
of organ procurement and lead to more kidney transplants across the country, according to new research co-authored by an Indiana University Kelley School
of Business professor.
Wondering what was behind those reports, McAninch and colleagues at Rush previously obtained and analyzed brain tissue from the University
of Miami Brain Bank from
deceased Caucasian male
organ donors who at their time
of death were young and healthy, without known thyroid problems, to see if they could find any clues.
The researchers note that these data alone do not capture all potential
deceased organ donors in the U.S., as the current definition
of an eligible death excludes potential donors over age 70, and those classified as a «donation after cardiac death» donor, both
of which broaden the pool
of available donors.
(That has been a challenge for efforts to treat type 1 diabetes with received transplants
of β cells from
deceased organ donors.)
Domino liver transplant procedures are aptly named for the sequential, one - after - the - other nature
of the process in which a viable liver from a
deceased donor is transplanted into the first recipient, and the first recipientâ $ ™ s
organ is then transplanted into a second recipient.
A transplanted
organ from a
deceased donor typically needs weeks to «heal» and reduce the risk
of rejection.
The first few weeks after the transplant are critical, especially when the
organ donor is
deceased, said Jordan Pober, the Bayer Professor
of Translational Medicine and professor
of immunobiology, pathology, and dermatology at Yale.
The risk
of rejection is even higher when the donor is
deceased, due to
organ damage.
Nearly 20 percent
of kidneys that are recovered from
deceased donors in the U.S. are refused for transplant due to factors ranging from scarring in small blood vessels
of the kidney's filtering units to the
organ going too long without blood or oxygen.
In the case
of the eight patients in the study, Collinge said that it's likely they acquired a-beta amyloid seeds from the hormone harvested from the
deceased elderly who donated their
organs for that purpose.
Whether the removal and / or retention and / or disposal
of tissue, whole
organs or parts
of organs from the bodies
of deceased persons following hospital or coronial post-mortem confers any cause
of action upon the Claimants and which do not form part
of the Royal Liverpool Children's Litigation.
Whether the retention by the Defendant and / or their predecessors in title
of tissue, parts
of organs from the bodies
of stillborn or
deceased children after post-mortem confers any cause
of action for psychiatric trauma suffered by the parents
of those children caused by the discovery
of that retention
Furthermore, paired kidney transplants using
organs from
deceased or live donors, makes compelling sense from a cost perspective, compared to the alternative
of the pain and discomfort
of kidney dialysis treatment.