Sentences with phrase «of deep ocean circulation»

What did they think 60 years ago about the rate of deep ocean circulation, was anything said about what they thought on temperature changes in the abyss?

These measurements could allow climatologists to determine the role of the solar and radiative forcings on the increase in heat content of the late 20th century relative to that of the deep ocean circulation.

Recent research at Reading University and elsewhere indicates a slowing of a deep ocean circulation system in the North Atlantic, known as the Atlantic Meridional Overturning circulation.

An unprecedented analysis of North Pacific ocean circulation over the past 1.2 million years has found that sea ice formation in coastal regions is a key driver of deep ocean circulation, influencing climate on regional and global scales.

Scientists believe that the different pattern of deep ocean circulation was responsible for the elevated temperatures 3 million years ago when the carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere was arguably what it is now and the temperature was 4 degree Fahrenheit higher.

Climate modeling groups have also been experimenting with ways to use the predictability of deeper ocean circulations (where internal variations can persist for up to a decade), but results have been mixed at best.

Not exact matches

That wind - driven circulation change leads to cooler ocean temperatures on the surface of the eastern Pacific, and more heat being mixed in and stored in the western Pacific down to about 300 meters (984 feet) deep, said England.

«I never considered that weather events tens of kilometers high in the atmosphere significantly influence the decadal - to century - scale circulation kilometers deep into the ocean,» says climatologist Judah Cohen of Atmospheric and Environmental Research in Lexington, Massachusetts, who did not take part in this study.

«We argue that it was the establishment of the modern deep ocean circulation — the ocean conveyor — about 2.7 million years ago, and not a major change in carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere that triggered an expansion of the ice sheets in the northern hemisphere,» says Stella Woodard, lead author and a post-doctoral researcher in the Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences.

Real - world data back the claim: Accumulations of calcium carbonate in deep - sea Pacific sediments show that the Pliocene ocean experienced huge shifts at the time, with waters churning all the way from the surface down to about three kilometers deep, as would be expected from a conveyor belt — type circulation.

Climate changes that began ~ 17,700 years ago included a sudden poleward shift in westerly winds encircling Antarctica with corresponding changes in sea ice extent, ocean circulation, and ventilation of the deep ocean.

It takes centuries for that heat to work its way into the deeper ocean, changing the circulation and removing the sea ice, which is a big part of this process,» he said.

«These conditions will cause changes in phytoplankton growth and ocean circulation around Antarctica, with the net effect of transferring nutrients from the upper ocean to the deep ocean,» said lead author J. Keith Moore, UCI professor of Earth system science.

A new study has found that turbulent mixing in the deep waters of the Southern Ocean, which has a profound effect on global ocean circulation and climate, varies with the strength of surface eddies — the ocean equivalent of storms in the atmosphere — and possibly also wind spOcean, which has a profound effect on global ocean circulation and climate, varies with the strength of surface eddies — the ocean equivalent of storms in the atmosphere — and possibly also wind spocean circulation and climate, varies with the strength of surface eddies — the ocean equivalent of storms in the atmosphere — and possibly also wind spocean equivalent of storms in the atmosphere — and possibly also wind speeds.

The Southern Ocean plays a pivotal role in the global overturning circulation, a system of surface and deep currents linking all oceans and one of the fundamental determinants of the planet's climate.

In the North Atlantic, more heat has been retained at deep levels as a result of changes to both the ocean and atmospheric circulations, which have led to the winter atmosphere extracting less heat from the ocean.

Its measurements of ocean saltiness will also help scientists understand how changes in salinity affect the deep currents that drive ocean circulation.

Known as the Antarctic Bottom Waters (AABW), these deep, cold waters play a critical role in regulating circulation, temperature, and availability of oxygen and nutrients throughout the world's oceans.

«The weaker overturning circulation brings less naturally CO2 - rich deep waters to the surface, which limits how much of that gas in the deep ocean escapes to the atmosphere.

Isn't the main problem that, even if we stopped adding any fossil - fuel - derived CO2 to the atmosphere, the ocean circulations haven't yet reached «steady state» — i.e., a stable thermocline and deep ocean temperature — and therefore THAT is the source of the Hansen et al. «heat in the pipeline»?

The deep circulation that drives warm surface waters north is weakening, leading to a cooling of the north Atlantic relative to the rest of the oceans.

The thermohaline circulation of the global ocean is controlled in part by freshwater inputs to northern seas that regulate the strength of North Atlantic Deep Water formation by reducing surface seawater density.

Researchers carry out innovative basic and applied research programs in coral reef biology, ecology, and geology; fish biology, ecology, and conservation; shark and billfish ecology; fisheries science; deep - sea organismal biology and ecology; invertebrate and vertebrate genomics, genetics, molecular ecology, and evolution; microbiology; biodiversity; observation and modeling of large - scale ocean circulation, coastal dynamics, and ocean atmosphere coupling; benthic habitat mapping; biodiversity; histology; and calcification.

There is also a contribution of excess atmospheric CO2 absorption introduced to deep - water masses from dense, cold CO2 - rich surface waters at downwelling sites (e.g., North Atlantic), which then move through the oceans via meridional overturning circulation.

Presently, much of the Atlantic Ocean is well oxygenated (Figure 1) relative to the North Indian and Pacific Oceans, where bottom water O2 concentrations are lower because of the biological removal of O2 as thermohaline circulation moves deep waters across ocean basins from the North and South Atlantic towards the North Pacific, in isolation from the surface oOcean is well oxygenated (Figure 1) relative to the North Indian and Pacific Oceans, where bottom water O2 concentrations are lower because of the biological removal of O2 as thermohaline circulation moves deep waters across ocean basins from the North and South Atlantic towards the North Pacific, in isolation from the surface oocean basins from the North and South Atlantic towards the North Pacific, in isolation from the surface oceanocean.

Reduced Atlantic Ocean overturning circulation will initially lead to lower O2 levels at the deep seafloor, and may alter the intensity of Pacific and Indian Ocean OMZs (Schmittner et al., 2007).

For years, perhaps decades, Gray has been ascribing all sorts of climate changes and hurricane cycles to fluctuations in the Thermohaline Circulation (THC), an overturning circulation in the Atlantic ocean associated with formation of deep water in the NortCirculation (THC), an overturning circulation in the Atlantic ocean associated with formation of deep water in the Nortcirculation in the Atlantic ocean associated with formation of deep water in the North Atlantic.

His areas of expertise are paleoceanography of surface and deep - ocean circulation using micropaleontological and geochemical tracers; planktonic foraminiferal ecology and paleoecology; and paleoclimatology from cave deposits.

The best simple answer I've seen is basically that you have to go to a 2 - box model of Earth, with warm tropics and cold poles, and then realize that thanks to the thermohaline circulation the deep oceans are coupled almost exclusively to the polar regions, and so are in the «cold» box and not the warm one or some average of them.

Partly this has to do with changes in ocean circulation taking warmer water deeper and partly as the result of the southern hemisphere having less land mass and more ocean — where the ocean has a higher thermal inertia, meaning that it takes longer for those waters to warm.

... not intended to suggest that the heat capacity exchange / transfer / transport rates used are a realistic representation of actual ocean circulation, although from what little I know, it could be a step in that general direction from using one upper and one deep ocean reservoir.

If somehow and I can't possibly imagine how, there was a huge increase in circulation between the surface and the deeper layers of the ocean, that would be disastrous for global temperatures but not upwards but downwards!

The structure of the ocean circulation basically anchors this region to something like pre-industrial temperatures, at least until deep bottom water originating in the North Atlantic also warms.

Is the heat transportation to the deeper 700m ocean due to vertical mixing or change of general circulation??

It's what drives the atmospheric circulation and the ocean currents that mix the upper warm layers of the ocean with the deeper colder layers, and vice versa.

There is so little understanding about how the ocean parses its response to forcings by 1) suppressing (local convective scale) deep water formation where excessive warming patterns are changed, 2) enhancing (local convective scale) deep water formation where the changed excessive warming patterns are co-located with increased evaporation and increased salinity, and 3) shifting favored deep water formation locations as a result of a) shifted patterns of enhanced warming, b) shifted patterns of enhanced salinity and c) shifted patterns of circulation which transport these enhanced ocean features to critically altered destinations.

This deep ocean warming in the model occurred during negative phases of the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO), an index of the mean state of the north and south Pacific Ocean, and was most likely in response to intensification of the wind - driven ocean circulaocean warming in the model occurred during negative phases of the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO), an index of the mean state of the north and south Pacific Ocean, and was most likely in response to intensification of the wind - driven ocean circulaOcean, and was most likely in response to intensification of the wind - driven ocean circulaocean circulation.

This is a result of a weaker wind - driven ocean circulation, when a large decrease in heat transported to the deep ocean allows the surface ocean to warm quickly, and this in turn raises global surface temperatures.

Short - term variations in ocean heat uptake, such as the anomalous deep ocean warming of late, are due to changes in the vertical & horizontal distribution of heat in the ocean — mostly the wind - driven ocean circulation.

The deep ocean and surface water don't overturn because of differences in density, so the exchange is via global circulation.

On the other hand, the AMO hypothesis asserts that natural changes in the deep water circulation of the Atlantic Ocean drive hurricane season SST resulting in changes to both hurricane activity and GT.

The Scottish study, published in the journal Nature Geoscience, also found that the changes in circulation resulted in a reduction of the amount of oxygen in the deep ocean.

Scientists also think that the circulation of heat from the top layers of the ocean, which have been most affected to date, to the deeper oceans below may be another factor behind the «hiatus» in global warming.

http://typhoon.atmos.colostate.edu/Includes/Documents/Publications/gray2012.pdf The Physical Flaws of the Global Warming Theory and Deep Ocean Circulation Changes as the Primary Climate Driver The water vapor, cloud, and condensation - evaporation assumptions within the conventional AGW theory and the (GCM) simulations are incorrectly designed to block too much infrared (IR) radiation to space.

The possible importance of (forced or unforced) modes of variability within the climate system, for instance related to the deep ocean circulation, have also been highlighted (Bianchi and McCave, 1999; Duplessy et al., 2001; Marchal et al., 2002; Oppo et al., 2003).

In the North Atlantic Ocean, variations in the ocean circulation affect the heat exchange to the deeper waters of the oOcean, variations in the ocean circulation affect the heat exchange to the deeper waters of the oocean circulation affect the heat exchange to the deeper waters of the oceanocean.

The researchers, from the University of Southampton and the National Oceanography Centre of Southampton, sought to investigate the long - term fate of carbon that reaches the deep ocean, employing an ocean general circulation model to conduct particle - tracking experiments.

I have read that land use impact on CO2 sink ability and deep oceans circulation of CO2 rich water and calthrates, I believe they are called, also tend to release CO2 and reduce the Sink ability.

In recent years research tied the Bølling - Allerød warming to the release of heat from warm waters originating from the deep North Atlantic Ocean, possibly triggered by a strengthening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) at the time.

The vertically integrated inventory of human emitted CO2 in the oceans is (not surprisingly) much greater in areas of cold deep convection, especially in the northern Atlantic (the falling leg of the thermohaline circulation), and much less in the tropics where the ocean is strongly stratified; absorption in the tropics really is more in the near - surface waters.